Alexandre Xavier Ywata de Carvalho

Bayesian rates for homicide mapping in Brazilian municipalities

This study analyzes homicide incidence per municipality (county) in Brazil in the year 2008. The authors estimate and compare homicide rates according to different methods, finding evidence that depending on the method employed, the results can differ significantly, especially for small municipalities. Bayesian spatial procedures were employed, allowing minimization of variation in the rate estimates. The methods consider a priori distributions and information on contiguity of municipalities. According to the findings, the impact of corrective procedures is not relevant for large municipalities, but such estimates present significant differences for small municipalities. Comparing the different estimates, the authors conclude that there may be distortions in the rates published in the literature. To overcome such potential distortions, it is necessary to take the main goal in each analysis into account. When the emphasis is on overall visualization of the homicide phenomenon, the best option is spatial corrections. However, to obtain more accurate local estimates, Bayesian methods are more appropriate.

Modelling Land Use Change in Brazil:2000-2050 (Dataset)

The input and output land cover dataset across all modelled time periods (2000-2050) and scenarios resulting from the work of the REDD-PAC project in Brazil. Please consult the data section of the REDD-PAC website (http://redd-pac.org/new_page.php?contents=data1.csv) to access a data visualization tool and to obtain the dataset in WFS format. This dataset can be accessed and displayed using GIS software such as QGIS. Please consult the metadata file for further instructions

Promoting competition in the port sector: an analysis from the global models and application to the Brazilian case

Paulo Augusto P. de Britto Universidade de Brasília Vander Mendes Lucas Universidade de Brasília Paulo César Coutinho Universidade de Brasília Alexandre Xavier Ywata de Carvalho Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada Universidade de Brasília André Luís Rossi de Oliveira Utah Valley University Paulo Roberto Barbosa Lustosa Universidade de Brasília Pedro Henrique Melo Albuquerque Universidade de Brasília Adelaida Pallavicini Fonseca Universidade de BrasíliaThe growth in demand for services in the infrastructure sectors, coupled with the lack of public investment, led to policies to promote private participation in those sectors. In the port sector, the private participation started in the early 90s, when the growth of international trade resulted from increasing globalization has highlighted the generalized inefficiency of this sector. This article aims to discuss the private participation in the port sector from the analysis of ways of organization, as well as the evolution of this sector in different countries, analyzing the possible competition models associated to different ownership structures in the areas of the port. The article also presents the evolution and the current organization of the Brazilian port model. Throughout the discussion, examples of ports are presented to illustrate the discussed concepts.

Promoción de la competencia en el sector portuario: un análisis de los modelos globales y aplicación al caso de Brasil

Paulo Augusto P. de Britto Universidade de Brasília Vander Mendes Lucas Universidade de Brasília Paulo César Coutinho Universidade de Brasília Alexandre Xavier Ywata de Carvalho Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada Universidade de Brasília André Luís Rossi de Oliveira Utah Valley University Paulo Roberto Barbosa Lustosa Universidade de Brasília Pedro Henrique Melo Albuquerque Universidade de Brasília Adelaida Pallavicini Fonseca Universidade de BrasíliaThe growth in demand for services in the infrastructure sectors, coupled with the lack of public investment, led to policies to promote private participation in those sectors. In the port sector, the private participation started in the early 90s, when the growth of international trade resulted from increasing globalization has highlighted the generalized inefficiency of this sector. This article aims to discuss the private participation in the port sector from the analysis of ways of organization, as well as the evolution of this sector in different countries, analyzing the possible competition models associated to different ownership structures in the areas of the port. The article also presents the evolution and the current organization of the Brazilian port model. Throughout the discussion, examples of ports are presented to illustrate the discussed concepts.

Un estudio de las metodologías y funcionalidades de los índices de segregación

Segregation indicators measure the evenness of distribution, that is, the contrasting dispersion or concentration of a certain group in a given space, such as a geographical area. Whereas the qualitative analysis of people’s mobility focuses on social, economic and cultural factors, segregation indicators aim at determining geographic mobility by quantitative factors than can later connect to qualitative factors. This article deals with segregation indicators and describes how they are derived and how each one functions. The following types of indicators are described: evenness, exposure, concentration, clustering and centralization. The empirical analysis is based on data from the Annual (Brazilian) Report on Social Information (RAIS) and the analysis is based on the spatial segregation of annual formal labor income in the Sao Paulo Metropolitan Region.

Um estudo das metodologias e funcionalidades dos índices de segregação

Segregation indicators measure the evenness of distribution, that is, the contrasting dispersion or concentration of a certain group in a given space, such as a geographical area. Whereas the qualitative analysis of people’s mobility focuses on social, economic and cultural factors, segregation indicators aim at determining geographic mobility by quantitative factors than can later connect to qualitative factors. This article deals with segregation indicators and describes how they are derived and how each one functions. The following types of indicators are described: evenness, exposure, concentration, clustering and centralization. The empirical analysis is based on data from the Annual (Brazilian) Report on Social Information (RAIS) and the analysis is based on the spatial segregation of annual formal labor income in the Sao Paulo Metropolitan Region.

A study of methods and functionality of segregation indicators

Segregation indicators measure the evenness of distribution, that is, the contrasting dispersion or concentration of a certain group in a given space, such as a geographical area. Whereas the qualitative analysis of people’s mobility focuses on social, economic and cultural factors, segregation indicators aim at determining geographic mobility by quantitative factors than can later connect to qualitative factors. This article deals with segregation indicators and describes how they are derived and how each one functions. The following types of indicators are described: evenness, exposure, concentration, clustering and centralization. The empirical analysis is based on data from the Annual (Brazilian) Report on Social Information (RAIS) and the analysis is based on the spatial segregation of annual formal labor income in the Sao Paulo Metropolitan Region.