Alfredo González Ruibal

Arqueología de los destacamentos penales franquistas en el ferrocarril Madrid-Burgos: El caso de Bustarviejo

The aim of this article is to explore from an archaeological point of view one of the technologies of repression employed by the Franco regime after the Spanish Civil War: the forced labor camps (destacamentos penales). More specifically we will study the destacamentos established along the Madrid-Burgos railway under construction between 1941 and 1957. In these places of confinement, political and common prisoners redeemed their sentence building the railway. During our research in the Madrid region, we have discovered the remains of several camps and we have begun the archaeological study of one of them, Bustarviejo. Although historical research on Francoist repression after the war has increased during the last decade, the physical spaces where that repression took place have been overlooked. In this work, we will try to show the usefulness of combining archaeology and conventional historiography in order to better understand a technology of punishment of the 20 th century.

Cultura material y etnicidad. Observaciones etnoarqueológicas en la región de Gambela (Etiopía)

espanolEste articulo presenta datos de dos campanas etnoarqueologicas llevadas a cabo en la regio nde Gambela, Etiopia occidental, en 2009 y 2010. La investigacion se centro en cinco de los seis grupos etnicos “indigenas” que viven en la region hoy en dia: nuer, anuak, komo, opuuoy sabu. Nuestro conocimiento historico y etnografico de estos grupos es dispar. Existe una abundancia de informacion publicada sobre los dos primeros, una menor cantidad para los komo y practicamente nada para los opuuo y sabu. En todos los casos, su cultura material apenas se ha tenido en cuenta hasta ahora. En este trabajo, ofrecemos descripciones del mundo material y las tecnologias de estas comunidades, especialmente la ceramica y la arquitectura domestica, y mostramos su utilidad para comprender las multiples relaciones entre objetos,etnicidad y principios sociales. EnglishThis article presents ethnoarchaeological data from two field seasons conducted in Gambelaregion, Western Ethiopia, in 2009 and 2010. Research focused on five of the six “indigenous”ethnic groups living in the region today: Nuer, Anuak, Komo, Opuuo and Sabu. Our historicaland ethnographic knowledge of these groups is dissimilar. There exists a wealth of published information for the first two, a lesser amount for the Komo and virtually none for the Opuuoand Sabu. In all cases, their material culture has been scarcely considered to date. Here, weoffer descriptions of the material world and technologies of these communities, especially pottery and domestic architecture, and show their usefulness for understanding the manifold relations of objects, ethnicity and social principles.