Alicia L. Lamarque

Seed composition of soybean cultivars evaluated in different environmental regions

In Argentina, the soybean growing area comprises an extensive ecological region with great variations in environmental conditions. The purpose of the work was to study the influence of environment on some chemical parameters of soybeans grown in four geographic locations. Protein and oil contents ranged from 329 to 436 g kg−1 and from 198 to 267 g kg−1, respectively. Saturated fatty acids were relatively constant over regions, while significant variation was observed among environments for the unsaturated acids. There were significant varietal differences, but no important interaction of genotypes and environmental factors was observed. The results obtained are important for Argentinean farmers and will be used in soybean breeding programmes to obtain new genotypes with improved oil quality.

Proximate, Fatty Acid and Sterol Compositions of Aboriginal Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L) Seeds from Bolivia

Oil, protein, ash, carbohydrate, iodine value, fatty acid and sterol compositions were studied in 46 aboriginal Arachis hypogaea cultivars originating from Bolivia. The oil and protein contents varied between 440 and 547 g kg -1 and 242 and 547 g kg -1 , respectively. Results showed a lower protein content in the variety hypogaea (264.4g kg -1 ) than in the varieties fastigiata (299.7 g kg-1) and peruviana (294 g kg -1 ). The carbohydrate content ranged between 86 and 216 g kg -1 . The principal fatty acids were oleic (358-536 g kg -1 ) and linoleic (250-462 g kg -1 ). The variety hypogaea exhibited higher concentrations of oleic acid (449.0 g kg -1 ). The sterol composition showed higher concentration of β-sitosterol (554-632 g kg -1 ) following by campesterol (139-180 g kg -1 ), stigma-sterol (82-130 g kg -1 ) and Δ 5 -avenasterol (86-138 g kg -1 ).

Essential oil variability of Minthostachys verticillata

Abstract The leaf volatile constituents of Minthostachys verticillata from various phytogeographic areas of Argentina were steam distilled and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The composition of the oil was extremely variable from one population to another, leading to the conclusion that there are several chemotypes in this species. Thymol and carvacrol, which were absent in the oils of another populations previously reported, were the major components (> 10.0%) in the oils of Potrero and Sebastian populations (Catamarca). Pulegone was found in oils from Cordoba, San Luis, Catamarca (Balcosna population) and Tucuman (Potrero de las Tablas population) in high amounts (> 21.1%). A high percentage of carvone (35.2%) was found in the oil obtained from Rancho de la Cascade plants.

Composition of the Flower Oils of Some Lippia and Aloysia Species from Argentina

ABSTRACT The flower oils of Lippia junelliana, L. polystachya, L. integrifolia, L. turbinata, Aloysia triphylla and A. gratissima from Argentina were studied by GC/MS. The main constituents of the oils of L. turbinata and L. polystachya were found to be α-thujone (30.2% and 41.4% respectively). The oils from L. junelliana and A. triphylla were characterized by the presence of myrcenone (17.2% and 31.0% respectively). The main components of L. integrifolia oil were shown to be camphor (18.5%), lippifoli-l(6)-en-5-one ([4R, 9S, 10R]-4,7,7,10-tetramethyl tricyclo [4.4.0.19,10] undec-l-en-5-one) (18.9%) and limonene (13.3%). Pulegone (65.8%) was the main component of A. gratissima flower oil.

Composition of the Inflorescence Oils of Some Tagetes Species from Argentina

ABSTRACT Essential oils from the inflorescences of Tagetes argentina Cabr., T. terniflora H.B.K., T. laxa Cabr. and T. filifolia Lag. from Argentina were studied by GC/MS. The oils of T. argentina and T. laxa were found to be rich in (E)- and (Z)-tagetenone (<60.0%), while T. terniflora oil contained (Z)-tagetone (<68.2%) as major constituent. The oil of T. filifolia possessed a characteristic compoisition where (E)-anethole and methyl chavicol together accounted for more than 97% of the oil.

Fatty acid variation of runner peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) among geographic localities from Córdoba (Argentina)

Fatty acid compositions of runner peanuts were determined among fifteen geographic localities from Córdoba, Argentina. Significant differences were found within these fatty acid profiles. Samples from the Reducción zone had the best oleic-to-linoleic ratio and iodine value.

Seed components and taxonomy of some Acacia species.

Abstract Ten Acacia species belonging to the subgenera Acacia and Aculeiferum were examined for their seed proximate compositions and fatty acid profiles. The fatty acids were determined by GC and GC–MS. Some of the taxa analysed were found to contain hexacosanoic acid as well as other common fatty acids. A numerical analysis suggested a partial separation among the taxa belonging to subgenera Acacia and Aculeiferum . Acacia emilioana appears related with species of subgenus Aculeiferum .

Volatile constituents from flowers of Acacia caven (Mol.) Mol. var. caven, Acacia aroma Gill. ex Hook., Erythrina crista-galli L. and Calliandra tweedii Benth.

The steam volatile flower oils of Acacia caven (Mol.) Mol. var. caven, Acacia aroma Gill. ex Hook, Erythrina crista-galli L. and Calliandra tweedii Benth., isolated by hydrodistillation, were analysed by GC–MS. The main components of the oils were: for Acacia caven, p-anisaldehyde, (E, E)-farnesyl acetate, eugenol and benzyl alcohol; for Acacia aroma, methyl salicylate and eugenol; for Erythrina crista-galli, linalol; and for Calliandra tweedii, α-terpineol and methyl salicylate.

Seed oil alkanes from leguminosae species: Evencarbon number preference

Abstract The presence of unusual low Mr and even-carbon numbered n -alkanes in seed oils of Leguminosae suggests that the inner tissue conditions could lead to a change in some enzyme systems. GC and GC-MS have been used to study the distribution of n -alkanes in the seed oil from 60 samples of 43 Leguminosae species. The occurrence of high percentages of low M r , even-carbon numbered alkanes was the most important feature in relation to earlier reports on plant hydrocarbons. The main seed oil alkane in almost all species investigated was hexadecane followed by octadecane, eicosane and tetradecane in decreasing order. All samples studied from the three subfamilies presented almost the same pattern with little quantitative and qualitative differences. The presence of this distinctive carbon range of aliphatic paraffins suggests that the inner conditions could lead to a change in chain-length specificity and/or activity of some enzyme systems.

Volatile constituents from flowers of Acacia praecox gris

The volatiles isolated by hydrodistillation from flowers of Acacia praecox Gris. were examined by GC-MS. Thirty-two components representing 95% of the oil were characterized. The major components were linalol (13.5%), undecane (13.3%), eugenol (10.5%), decane (10.5%) and oct-1-en-3-ol (9.1%).