Amol Baviskar

Implementation of 802.15.4 for designing of home automation and power monitoring system

Innovation in the field of wireless technologies has revolutionized automation in industrial, commercial and residential sectors. With the proliferation of wireless technologies, it is important to implement an appropriate wireless protocol according to the application area. This paper provides a brief overview of the existing home automation systems and describes ZigBee (over IEEE 802.15.4) technology, along with its comparative study with other protocols. It suggests, ZigBee is an emerging technology in the field of Home Automation system (HAS). It also demonstrates the designing and implementation of HAS for remote controlling and monitoring of various domestic loads/appliances using ZigBee protocol. An efficient method of power utilization through real-time power monitoring with the help of a PC-based GUI application is illustrated.

Real Time Monitoring and Control System for Green House Based on 802.15.4 Wireless Sensor Network

Greenhouse facilitates precise monitoring and controlling of various parameters, so as to cultivate quality conscience crops without slaying resources. The cabling laid for the sensors, deployed inside the Greenhouse is not feasible. Hence the need for an automated system employing wireless communication and remote sensing is imperative. This paper proposes a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) based embedded system and deals with the implementation of ZigBee network (over IEEE 802.15.4) for remote controlling of the Greenhouse parameters. The detailed information regarding establishment of ZigBee network in Star topology as well as in Mesh Topology, inside the Greenhouse is illustrated. It also demonstrates the real time monitoring of parameters such as temperature, humidity, as well as the total power consumption of the system, with the help of a PC based GUI application developed on Java platform.

Image compression scheme based on zig-zag 3D-DCT and LDPC coding.

The prime necessity in communication system is utilizing the available bandwidth efficiently. Hence, compression of data to be sent over the link has become inevitable. In this paper, an algorithm for compressing hyperspectral space images based on ZigZag 3D-DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform) technique is proposed. This method converts 2D gray-scale images into a 3 dimensional cube formation of 8*8*8 pixels and is operated with DCT. Thereafter the quantization and zig-zag scanning processes are implemented. After completing the processes, the 1D data vector formed facilitates in achieving better compression using run-length coding. Also, in order to design a complete practical system, a suitable irregular LDPC encoder is implemented in order to mitigate losses present in communication link. The performance of the algorithm is verified by plotting various quality measurement graphs, and determining its dominance over standard JPEG.

Comparative Study of Communication Technologies for Power Optimized Automation Systems: A Review and Implementation

Communication technologies have superseded X10systems in automation industry. Various high performance wireless technologies are implemented for remote monitoring and controlling of loads. This has resulted in revolutionizing automation systems in industrial, commercial and residential sectors. Depending upon the application spectrum, network range, power consumption constraints etc. A competent communication technology should be implemented. This paper provides comparative factual collation of communication protocols considered for automation and optimization of systems, which facilitate users to control various loads locally and remotely. Zig Bee (over IEEE802.15.4), WiFi (over IEEE 802.11b/g), Bluetooth (over IEEE802.15.1), UWB (over IEEE 802.15.3), GSM, Z-Wave, Insteon standards are discussed and a detailed comparison is provided. Taking various parameters viz. Application area, network range, power utilization, number of nodes etc into consideration, a Graphical User Interface (GUI) application is developed. It assists the user in selecting an appropriate technology for implementing an automated system. Also for optimizing the power of automation system, the Power Measuring Unit (PMU) is implemented.

Performance evaluation of high quality image compression techniques

The area of image processing has offered remarkable ideas and competent compression algorithms in the past few decades. The accretion of data generated by applications validate the use of different image compression schemes to decrease the storage space and time for transferring the images over the link. Each of the compression schemes provide different image quality metrics viz. PSNR, MSE, Compression ratio, Normalized Cross Correlation, Normalized Absolute Error etc. This paper implements 3D-Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) for compressing high resolution images with substantial amount of background. It presents the evaluation of the implemented algorithm, along with the performance comparison of other compression schemes viz. JPEG Lossy, Sub-Band replacement DWT and K-Means. It proves to be a dominant technique for multi-spectral images with improved quality parameters achieving 38-40dB PSNR.

DTMF Based Automation System with Reduction of Noise Using Goertzel DFT Estimation

In recent years, intelligent network based Automation Systems are developed in industrial, commercial and residential sectors. The idea of managing the devices remotely can be implemented using various wireless technologies such as ZigBee, GSM/GPRS, Bluetooth, but these technologies require development of software, dedicated devices and network establishment schemes. Hence the implementation becomes time consuming and moreover they make the system costly. This paper presents a more liable Mobile Controlled Automated System based on DTMF (Dual Tone Multiple Frequency) principle which is cost effective. It uses Mobile as a controlling device and prevailing infrastructure of the Telephone System at the receiver end. Also using Goertzel DFT estimation the noise in the system is eliminated and its complete analysis is presented.

Sub-band exchange DWT based image fusion algorithm for enhanced security

Transmission of critical data over the link, in the presence of an attacker has augmented the demand for secure communication. Particularly in the military field, exchange of classified images has to be executed with extreme caution. Advanced digital technologies require encryption, authentication and key distribution techniques to facilitate reliable and secure communication. In this paper, Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) Sub-band Exchange based color image fusion scheme for enhanced security is proposed. In this method, the horizontal and vertical sub-bands of two colored images are replaced by chrominance information of each other. This permits generation of uniquely fused gray-scale textured images. This method facilitates fused images which are extremely difficult to intercept by the attacker, since the probability of getting hold on all the information pertaining to one single image is negligible. Also, this method offers reduced bandwidth utilization and less transmission time as it converts colored images to compressed textured gray-scale images. In addition to proposing a novel image fusion technique and compression scheme, this paper illustrates detailed analysis of the algorithm.

Probabilistic triangular shuffling approach in DWT based image compression scheme

In the image processing domain, researchers all over the world aim at designing algorithms which posses the feature of facilitating multiple advantages amalgamated in one scheme viz. compression, fusion, enhancement, security etc. In various classified applications such as military, medical, forensics etc, the image databases are huge and contain a lot of information. Hence, compression of these high-quality images and securing these databases becomes imperative. This paper proposes a Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) guided image compression as well as image security technique. The RGB color images are converted into textured images by exploiting DWT properties and thereby facilitating image compression. Since this process is reversible, the colors in the image are retrieved back from the texture patterns. In addition, the security of the image is enhanced based on a novel probabilistic triangular shuffling scheme. The overall proposed algorithm assists in achieving 67-70% compression ratio and improved security. Evaluating the performance of the algorithm, various graphs pertaining to PSNR, MSE, probability of security breach are realized.

Enhanced quality LANDSAT image processing based on 4-level Sub-Band Replacement DWT

Satellite images are multi-spectral in nature that operate over wavelengths of wide range frequencies known as bands. Hence, they need to be processed cautiously. This paper presents a 4-Level DWT based Sub-Band Replacement (SR-DWT) Image Compression scheme, for LANDSAT satellite images. The algorithm is designed to compress various color band images captured by the satellite payload. By performing compression on these images and converting them to unique textured images, it exploits the sub-bands generated by the wavelet transform. Since the algorithm is a reversible process, it facilitates retrieval of the images back to colored format at the receiver. Due to the property of possessing spatial-frequency decomposition, the recovered images are of high quality with improved Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) of 20dB and correspondingly very low MSE value. Using an astrophysical image database, the performance analysis of the 4-Level SR-DWT algorithm is illustrated.

GPS assisted Standard Positioning Service for navigation and tracking: Review & implementation

The potential ability of Global Positioning System (GPS) to assist navigating and tracking application facilitates in determining precise object positioning on earth. In order to efficiently execute tracking operation, GPS is dependent on various parameters viz. reliability of RF communication link, satellite geometry, GPS antenna placement, parameters to decode NMEA (National Marine Electronics Association) format that the GPS receiver obtains etc. All the information gathered is then analyzed to accurately track the object in real-time. This paper deals with the comprehensive study of GPS space segment and Control segment. Initially, the specification of GPS service known as Standard Positioning Service (SPS) ranging signal characteristics is introduced. Further, a detailed overview of GPS navigation message format, satellite tracking and selection process, frequency planning, C/A code generation and timing is studied and illustrated. Also, the user end implementations of location measurement processing algorithms are discussed. Hence, all the location information is used along with survey maps and object control actuators to support navigation. Furthermore, paper briefly describes the implementation of the real time position tracking system.