Ana Luísa Botta Martins de Oliveira

Chemical and morphological features of dental composite resin: Influence of light curing units and immersion media

The study evaluated the influence of light curing units and immersion media on superficial morphology and chemistry of the nanofilled composite resin Supreme XT (3M) through the EDX analysis and SEM evaluation. Light curing units with different power densities and mode of application used were XL 3000 (480 mW/cm2), Jet Lite 4000 Plus (1230mW/cm2), and Ultralume Led 5 (790 mW/cm2) and immersion media were artificial saliva, Coke®, tea and coffee, totaling 12 experimental groups. Specimens (10 mm × 2 mm) were immersed in each respective solution for 5 min, three times a day, during 60 days and stored in artificial saliva at 37°C ± 1°C between immersion periods. Topography and chemical analysis was qualitative.

Effects of immersion media and repolishing on color stability and superficial morphology of nanofilled composite resin.

This study evaluated the influence of fluoride mouth rinses and repolishing on the superficial morphology and color stability of nanofilled resin. About 150 specimens were prepared and polished using aluminum oxide discs for 15 s with a pressure of 2 kg. The experimental groups were divided according to the immersion medium (artificial saliva, 0.5% sodium fluoride, Fluordent Reach, Oral B, Fluorgard) and repolishing procedure (without and with). The specimens were continuously immersed for 1 week. Thereafter, half of each sample was repolished. A color reading was performed after 24 h of immersion in the artificial saliva baseline, after continuous immersion, and after repolishing. The superficial morphology was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in a qualitative way. Color change (∆E) data were submitted to a mixed analysis of variance using a Shapiro-Wilk test (p>0.05 for the different immersion media) and Sidaks test (p<0.05 for the differences between groups). In the interaction between the repolishing and the immersion media, Fluorgard showed a statistical difference between the ∆E values with and without repolishing (p<0.0001). On the SEM observations, both Fluordent Reach and Fluorgard caused degradation of the superficial resinous matrix of the composite after continuous immersion. This matrix was removed after repolishing.

Chemical and morphological features of nanofilled composite resin: Influence of finishing and polishing procedures and fluoride solutions

This study evaluated the influence of finishing and polishing procedures and different fluoride solutions on superficial morphology and chemistry of the nanofilled composite resin Supreme XT (3M) through the EDX analysis and SEM evaluation. Circular specimens (n = 30) of 10 mm diameter and 2 mm thickness were prepared, with half of the sample assays finished and polished with Super‐Snap® sandpaper. The experimental groups were divided according to the presence or absence of finishing and polishing and solutions (artificial saliva, 0.05% of manipulated sodium fluoride solution, Fluordent Reach, Oral B, Fluorgard). Specimens were immersed in each respective solution for 1 min per day, during 60 days and stored in artificial saliva at 37 ± 1°C between immersion periods. Topography and chemical analysis was qualitative. It was observed that specimens submitted to finishing and polishing procedures had lower superficial degradation. Fluoride solutions promoted superficial alterations on specimens, being the highest degradation obtained with Fluordent Reach. It can be concluded that finishing and polishing procedures and the immersion media influence the superficial morphology of composite resin tested; the Fluordent Reach was the fluoride solution that most affected the materials surface. Microsc. Res. Tech. 2011.,

Roughness and morphology of composites: influence of type of material, fluoride solution, and time.

This study evaluated the effect of fluoride solutions on surface roughness and morphology of composites in the short and long term. Specimens were randomly assigned to experimental groups (n=5) according to type of composite (nanofilled, microhybrid, microfilled) and immersion media (artificial saliva, 0.05% sodium fluoride solution, Fluordent Reach, Oral-B, and Fluorgard). Roughness was evaluated at time intervals: T 0 after 24 h in artificial saliva (baseline); T 60 after being in assigned immersion media for 1 min daily over 60 days; and T final after artificial aging (20,000 thermal cycles, 1,200,000 mechanical loading cycles, and continuous immersion for 1,825 min). Surface morphology was qualitatively analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at T 60 and T final. Roughness data were submitted to analysis of variance for mixed repeated measures, Sidak, and Tukey tests at α=0.05. Micro-filled resin showed the highest roughness values. Fluoride solutions had no influence on roughness. Higher roughness values were observed after artificial aging. In SEM observations after the artificial aging, the specimens showed surface degradation, irrespective of immersion medium or type of composite. Nano-filled resin showed higher loss of resin matrix and protrusion of filler particles. Roughness was not influenced by fluoride solutions; however, it is material dependent and increases over time.

Influence of light curing units and fluoride mouthrinse on morphological surface and color stability of a nanofilled composite resin

Composite resin is a dental material susceptible to color change over time which limits the longevity of restorations made with this material. The influence of light curing units and different fluoride mouthrinses on superficial morphology and color stability of a nanofilled composite resin was evaluated. Specimens (N = 150) were prepared and polished. The experimental groups were divided according to the type of light source (halogen and LED) and immersion media (artificial saliva, 0.05% sodium fluoride solution‐manipulated, Fluordent Reach, Oral B, Fluorgard). Specimens remained in artificial saliva for 24‐h baseline. For 60 days, they were immersed in solutions for 1 min. Color readout was taken at baseline and after 60 days of immersion. Surface morphology was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) after 60 days of immersion. Color change data were submitted to two‐way Analysis of Variance and Tukey tests (α = 0.05). Surface morphology was qualitatively analyzed. The factor light source presented no significant variability (P = 0.281), the immersion media, significant variability (P < 0.001) and interaction between factors, no significant variability (P = 0.050). According to SEM observations, no difference was noted in the surface of the specimens polymerized by different light sources, irrespective of the immersion medium. It was concluded that the light source did not influence the color stability of composite, irrespective of the immersion media, and among the fluoride solutions analyzed, Fluorgard was the one that promoted the greatest color change, however, this was not clinically perceptible. The immersion media did not influence the morphology of the studied resin. Microsc. Res. Tech. 77:941–946, 2014.

Conhecimento relacionado à cárie dentária e doença periodontal de professores do ensino fundamental da rede privada, da cidade de Araraquara.

Resumo O objetivo foi avaliar os conhecimentos odontologicos relacionados a carie e doenca periodontal de professores do ensino fundamental da rede privada, de 1a a 8a series, de Araraquara, por meio de um questionario, aplicado a professores que lecionam de 1a a 4a series (ciclo I - n= 57) e de 5a a 8a series (ciclo II - n= 39). Verificou-se que 81,5% dos professores do ciclo I e 82,0% do ciclo II citaram o dentista como a principal fonte de informacoes sobre os cuidados de saude bucal; 20,4% do ciclo I e 17,9% do ciclo II responderam adequadamente sobre a composicao da placa bacteriana; 62,9% do ciclo I e 51,2% do ciclo II citaram o tratamento dentario como a principal forma de remocao da placa; ninguem respondeu a etiologia da carie como sendo multifatorial - acucares + bacterias + ma higiene; 47,4% dos professores do ciclo I e 48,7% do ciclo II revelaram saber o que e a doenca periodontal; quanto aos locais onde o fluor pode ser encontrado, a maioria, independentemente do grupo, relatou a agua de abastecimento publico e a pasta; 48,0% do ciclo I e 23,0% do ciclo II relataram que o fluor previne as caries. Conclui-se que, o conhecimento odontologico dos professores avaliados se mostrou deficiente, indicando a necessidade de melhorar a formacao desses profissionais, atraves de programas educativos. Unitermos: conhecimento, carie dentaria, doencas periodontais, ensino fundamental

Evaluation of masticatory capacity and efficiency in total and partial edentulous patients in Araraquara

Aim: This study aims to compare masticatory performance between total prosthesis users and individuals with partial or total natural dentition to evaluate masticatory capacity and efficiency in individuals in Araraquara/SP. Material and Methods: 31 individuals between 55 and 99 years old were evaluated, both genders, frequent users of Dentistry Clinic of the University of Araraquara (Uniara) and residents at Recanto Feliz, in the same town. A cognitive evaluation was carried out through a mini mental state examination in order to define inclusion criteria to individuals of sample. Next, a questionnaire was applied, with pre-coded questions on the masticatory capacity and an efficiency test, through the grinding test, where patients received 5 almonds to be grinded and not swallowed. The fragments were poured in granulometric sieves (2mm, 4mm and 4,75mm) to analyze the food fragmentation under tap water. Participants were divided into 3 groups: G1 (n=13) – superior and inferior total prosthesis user, or total or partial edentulous; G2 (n=4) – Total prosthesis user and/or partial removal prosthesis user (PRP) or partial dentition; and G3 (n=14) – complete or partial dentition or PRP user. Results: Efficiency test results showed the G1 patients presented good efficiency and 8 were considered poor; G2 patients were all classified as poor, and G3 patients were 9 poor, 2 regular and 3 good. Regarding to the questionnaires, most patients from the 3 groups felt impossibility to masticate some food, and need special preparation to chew. On take more time to masticate when compared to other people, all patients from G2 answered affirmatively, while only 46.1% G1 and 50% G3 gave the same answer.Just 15.4% G1 and 28.6% G2 are not satisfied with the tame they take.About avoid in front of other people, most patients from G2 and G3 use to, however, 69.2% G1 answered negatively. Regarding to the masticatory capacity self-evaluation, they answered regular. Conclusions: Masticatory efficiency of people using removable prosthesis did not achieve the ideal of a complete dentition. However, it is still better than in individuals with partial dentition or not rehabilitated.

Métodos de avaliação de risco de desordens músculo-esqueléticas nos membros superiores voltados para a odontologia

Introduction: The dental professionals are exposed to many risks of development of occupational diseases and the musculoskeletal disorders in the upper limbs are the most common disease. This problem may result in lower productivity and / or early retirement. Therefore, early diagnosis should be done through a reliable and valid system of risk assessment. Because of that, this study set out to conduct a review of the literature on methods of risk assessment of musculoskeletal disorders in the upper limbs in dental professionals. Conclusion: It was concluded that the available methods for assessing the risk of musculoskeletal disorders in dentistry are self-reports, observational and direct. Among these methods, the self-reports were frequently used to detect the risk of musculoskeletal disorders among dentists, dental students and professionals from the dental team. Further studies should be performed in dentistry using observational and direct methods. DESCRIPTORS: Occupational diseases Human engineering Dentistry. *** Professora Adjunta do Departamento de Odontologia Social, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, UNESP. E-mail: psgarcia@foar.unesp.br *** Cirurgiã-dentista graduada pela Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, UNESP. E-mail: camillammoretto@foar.unesp.br *** Pós-graduanda (nível doutorado) do Departamento de Clínica Infantil, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, UNESP. •• 106 •• Garcia PPNS Moretto CM Oliveira ALBM Métodos de avaliação de risco de desordens músculoesqueléticas nos membros superiores voltados para a odontologia Rev. Odontol. Univ. Cid. São Paulo 2012; 24(2): 10513, maio-ago ISSN 1983-5183

Reduction of dental fear and anxiety: the outlook of atraumatic restorative treatment

AIM: This study aimed to report a case in which the technique used was the atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) in patients with fear of conventional treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This procedure consisted in the treatment of carious lesions in the patient associated with the program of educational and preventive measures which the patient has undergone. The technique described here was performed on tooth 85, which presented atypical carious lesion cavity, through the removal of softened carious tissue with the use of hand instruments, without anesthesia and use of direct restorative material with fluoride release (glass ionomer cement). RESULTS: As a result of this technique, there was greater patient cooperation and decrease of anxiety initially revealed. CONCLUSION: Thus, it might be concluded that the Atraumatic Restorative Treatment is a technique already established that showed clinical effectiveness in controlling the evolution of the carious process and that being well indicated, was able to induce more cooperation from the patient, leading to the success of therapy restorer. The conventional glass ionomer cement showed excessive surface wear and therefore should not be used to restore atypical cavities.

EVALUATION OF YOUNG’S KNOWLEDGE AND BEHAVIOR ABOUT DENTAL FLUOROSIS

AIM: This study has evaluated the knowledge about dental fluorosis and the behavior of young people regarding to the use of Fluor. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 313 students from High School of Tabatinga/SP, from 15 to 21 years old have answered a questionnaire with pre-encoded questions in which was approached the variables: gender, age, schooling level, dwelling, water consumption, oral hygiene habits, frequency of consults to the dentist and perception about clinical characteristics of fluorosis. Data obtained were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics. RESULTS: There was female prevalence (56.0%). Most of respondents (81.0%) answered brushing the teeth 3 times or more a day. About dentifrice use and quantity on the toothbrush, from 97% who has asserted using them, 58% cover all the bristles; 88% of participants know Fluor; however, regarding to its function or effect on the teeth, 17% and 32%, respectively, have not known how to answer. About water consumption, most of them consume from 1 to 2 liters a day, and the main source is the “faucet” (47%). It was observed that 49% of interviewees have visited the surgeon dentist less than one month ago; 93% have answered that the topic application of Fluor was carried out during the dentist consultation, and 32% have asserted that the application was performed in all the visits. Regarding the surface stains on tooth enamel, 59% have reported that they did not notice them; however, 21% have noticed white stains on the enamel. Regarding to the use of tooth paste in the childhood, 52% have reported that they used to ingest it. CONCLUSION: Young’s knowledge about function and effect of Fluor on dental structures were mistaken, once the concept of dental cleaning was prevalent about prevention of caries, and the behavior about fluoridated toothpaste was inappropriate because they use it excessively, and they also asserted its ingestion in the childhood.