Patrícia Petromilli Nordi Sasso Garcia

Effect of oral hygiene education and motivation on removable partial denture wearers: longitudinal study

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of two different preventive oral hygiene education and motivation programmes on the plaque and gingival index, as well as denture hygiene of patients provided with removable partial denture (RPD) during a 12-month follow-up. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 53 partially edentulous patients were recruited for this study. The presence or absence of plaque and gingival bleeding by gentle probing was scored on all tooth surfaces at the preliminary visit. The plaque and gingival indexes were measured using the Löe index. Following treatment, the patients were randomly divided into three groups. In Control Group I, subjects were instructed to continue their personal oral hygiene routine. In Group II, participants were given verbal instructions and a self-educational manual on oral hygiene without illustrations. In Group III, oral hygiene guidance was delivered using a combination of verbal instructions and a self-teaching manual. To evaluate the effect of the different modes of instruction, the presence or absence of plaque and gingival bleeding was scored on all tooth surfaces (day zero examination) and re-examined 7, 15 and 30 days, 3, 6 and 12 months following RPD placement. The state of denture hygiene was evaluated 7, 15 and 30 days and 3, 6 and 12 months following rehabilitation. Parametric statistics was applied to dental plaque and gingival indexes. For accumulation of plaque and calculus on the RPD, non-parametric statistic was applied. RESULTS The frequency of plaque found during the preliminary visit was higher than that found in the other periods. With regard to gingival index, significant difference was found between the preliminary visit examination and other periods. There was a significant difference in the plaque accumulation on the denture surface between groups I and III. CONCLUSION The different methods of oral hygiene instruction used in this study indicate that the type of education was not of significant importance.

Composite resin color stability: influence of light sources and immersion media

Objective This study evaluated the influence of light sources and immersion media on the color stability of a nanofilled composite resin. Material and Methods Conventional halogen, high-power-density halogen and high-power-density light-emitting diode (LED) units were used. There were 4 immersion media: coffee, tea, Coke® and artificial saliva. A total of 180 specimens (10 mm x 2 mm) were prepared, immersed in artificial saliva for 24 h at 37±1ºC, and had their initial color measured with a spectrophotometer according to the CIELab system. Then, the specimens were immersed in the 4 media during 60 days. Data from the color change and luminosity were collected and subjected to statistical analysis by the Kruskall-Wallis test (p<0.05). For immersion time, the data were subjected to two-way ANOVA test and Fishers test (p<0.05). Results High-power-density LED (∆E=1.91) promoted similar color stability of the composite resin to that of the tested halogen curing units (Jet Lite 4000 plus - ∆E=2.05; XL 3000 - ∆E=2.28). Coffee (∆E=8.40; ∆L=-5.21) showed the highest influence on color stability of the studied composite resin. Conclusion There was no significant difference in color stability regardless of the light sources, and coffee was the immersion medium that promoted the highest color changes on the tested composite resin.

Consumo de álcool entre estudantes do ensino médio do município de Passos - MG

Este estudo identificou o padrao de consumo de alcool entre estudantes do ensino medio de Passos (MG) e sua associacao com fatores socio-demograficos. Participaram 1.967 adolescentes de instituicoes publicas e privadas de ensino. Utilizou-se o questionario AUDIT. Realizou-se estatistica descritiva, teste de qui-quadrado e regressao logistica multipla. A media de idade dos participantes foi de 15,84±1,23 anos. O primeiro contato com o alcool ocorreu aos 13,37±1,92 anos. Dos adolescentes, 30,96% eram abstemios, 45,76% apresentaram comportamento de beber moderado, 16,47% de beber de risco, 3,51% de alto risco e 3,31% de possivel dependencia. Houve associacao significativa entre o risco de beber e o sexo, relacionamento do adolescente com a mae, trabalho, nivel economico e de escolaridade do chefe da familia. Na analise multivariada observou-se maior risco para os adolescentes do sexo masculino, trabalhadores e com ausencia de bom relacionamento com a mae. Verificou-se que os adolescentes apresentaram contato precoce com bebidas alcoolicas e alta prevalencia de comportamento de beber de risco.

Biossegurança e odontologia: crenças e atitudes de graduandos sobre o controle da infecção cruzada

Este estudo teve o objetivo de investigar as percepcoes de graduandos de Odontologia sobre a fidelidade as diretrizes de biosseguranca e acerca do preservar-se. Nove questoes abertas, que abordaram aspectos de interesse para o tema, foram aplicadas em entrevista com 14 academicos, que realizavam atendimento odontologico de pacientes da Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara da Unesp. Utilizou-se a metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa e a estrategia metodologica para analise das entrevistas foi a Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC). Tres figuras metodologicas foram obtidas, sendo ideias-centrais, expressoes-chave e o DSC propriamente dito. A analise dos discursos permitiu avaliar a fala natural da coletividade. Verificou-se a adesao dos entrevistados aos protocolos de biosseguranca, embora houvesse a queixa de que, na rotina diaria, as precaucoes fossem negligenciadas por nao serem muito praticas. Entre as medidas de protecao individual e coletiva, rotineiramente utilizadas, foram apontados o uso de Equipamento de Protecao Individual (EPI) e as barreiras protetoras, bem como as atividades de desinfeccao e esterilizacao. O risco de contagio foi visto por alguns com pavor e por outros com total indiferenca porque acreditavam ser algo do qual e possivel de se ter controle por meio da adesao as precaucoes padrao. Entre as doencas de maior preocupacao, a aids e as hepatites B e C foram as mais temidas. Diante do discurso obtido, salienta-se a necessidade de se aperfeicoar as estrategias educacionais, com intuito de motivar a fiel adesao as normas de biosseguranca, essenciais no trato de pacientes odontologicos.

Influence of surface sealant on the translucency of composite resin: effect of immersion time and immersion media

This study evaluated the effect of surface sealant on the translucency of composite resin immersed in different solutions. The study involved the following materials: Charisma, Fortify and coffee, Coca-Cola®, tea and artificial saliva as solutions. Sixty-four specimens (n = 8) were manufactured and immersed in artificial saliva at 37 ± 1 °C. Samples were immersed in the solutions for three times a day and re-immersed in artificial saliva until the translucency readings. The measurements were carried out at nine times: T1 - 24 hours after specimen preparation, T2 - 24 hours after immersion in the solutions, T3 - 48 hours and T4 to T9 - 7, 14, 21, 30, 60 and 90 days, respectively, after immersion. The translucency values were measured using a JOUAN device. The results were subjected to ANOVA and Tukeys test at 5%. The surface sealant was not able to protect the composite resin against staining, the coffee showed the strongest staining action, followed by tea and regarding immersion time, a significant alteration was noted in the translucency of composite resin after 21 days.

Surface roughness and hardness of a composite resin: influence of finishing and polishing and immersion methods

Sao Paulo State Univ, Araraquara Sch Dent, Dept Childrens Dent, BR-13560450 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil

Educação em saúde: Efeito de um método de auto-instruçáo sobre os níveis de higiene oral em escolares

Departamento de Odontologia Social Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara UNESP, Araraquara/SP

Ergonomics in dentistry: experiences of the practice by dental students

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to qualitatively evaluate the experiences of students enrolled in the last year of dentistry school with ergonomic practice. METHODS This is a qualitative, observational and cross-sectional study, with a non-probabilistic sample design. The sample comprised students enrolled in the last year of dentistry in Araraquara-UNESP (n = 29). The data were collected by means of open semi-structured and individual interviews, captured by a digital voice recorder. The students were interviewed in their own university at a time that was previously scheduled, and care was taken to provide a private and welcoming environment to carry out the interviews. A script containing questions related to practices in ergonomics was prepared at the university. Data analysis was carried out using the qualitative-quantitative Collective Subject Discourse technique with the aid of Qualiquantisoft® software program. RESULTS It was found that more than half of the students (58.6%) believe that adopting an ergonomic posture is important to prevent future problems, pain and occupational diseases, and 62.1% of the students confirm having difficulties in adopting ergonomic postures due to the types of treatment required and the regions of the mouth being treated. The main reasons stated for the fact that their colleagues do not adopt ergonomic postures are lack of attention, practice and forgetfulness (44.8%) and difficulty in visualising the operatory field or the procedure performed (27.6%). CONCLUSION It is possible to conclude that the students interviewed know ergonomic principles and their importance in occupational health. However, they found it difficult to put these principles into practice.

Ergonomic work posture in undergraduate dentistry students: Correlation between theory and practice

Context: The presence of theoretical knowledge on ergonomics, as well as its practical application, is very important to prevent musculoskeletal disorders. Aims: Correlating between the theoretical knowledge of ergonomic posture and its practical application among dentistry students, as well as between the students′ theoretical knowledge and their practical self-assessment. Settings and Design: Sixty second-year graduate students of Araraquara Dental School, UNESP were evaluated. Subjects and Methods: Each student responded to a multiple-choice questionnaire on the requirements of ergonomic posture and received a score (0-10 points). To analyze the practical implementation of work posture and the self-assessment, photographs were taken of students performing laboratory procedures. To assess the practical application, each procedure was assessed by a calibrated researcher (ρ =0.78) and received a score (0-10 points). For the self-assessment, each student analyzed the photographs of their own posture and received a score (0-10 points). The theoretical knowledge and the self-assessment practice were corrected by the researcher. Statistical Analysis: A descriptive statistical analysis was performed. The correlation between theoretical knowledge and practical application and between theoretical knowledge and self-assessment were estimated using Pearson′s correlation coefficient (r), and the significance was tested using Student′s t-test. The level of significance was set at 5%. Results: There was no correlation between theoretical knowledge and practical application (r = 0.100, P = 0.450) nor between theoretical knowledge and the practical self-assessment score (r = 0.067, P = 0.623). Conclusions: The theoretical knowledge of students on ergonomics was greater than its practical application and their self-assessment, and there was no correlation between them.

Risk of musculoskeletal disorders in upper limbs in dental students: Concordance of different methods for estimation of body angle

AIMS The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the agreement among different methods used to estimate angular deviation of the body to determine the risk for development of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders in dentistry undergraduates. MATERIALS AND METHODS Students (n = 79) enrolled in the final year undergraduate course of the Araraquara School of Dentistry-Syo Paulo State University-UNESP were evaluated. Photographs were taken of students performing clinical procedures. The work postures adopted by each student were evaluated by means of rapid upper limb assessment (RULA). The basis used to obtain the individuals final risk score is the measurement of the angular deviations in the neutral positions of the regions evaluated. Two methods were used to estimate the angular deviation of the body: Visual exam and Image Tool software. A RULA final risk score was attributed to each procedure the student performed (n = 333). Study of the agreement between the methods about risk of musculoskeletal disorders was conducted by means of Kappa (κ) statistics. The level of significance adopted was 5%. RESULTS Fair agreement (κ = 0.32) between the evaluated methods was verified. CONCLUSION The risk for development of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders by dentistry undergraduates evaluated by using RULA was not in agreement with the results obtained by use of visual exam and Image Tool.