Ana Luiza Vilela Borges

Sexual debut in adolescence and gender relations: a cross-sectional study in São Paulo, Brazil, 2002

This cross-sectional study aimed to assess gender differences in adolescents in relation to onset of sexual activity. A total of 406 15-19-year-old adolescents from a family health unit in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, were interviewed from May to December 2002. Nearly half had already had their first sexual intercourse, at a mean age of 15, independently of gender. Sexual debut was usually unplanned (72.7%) and inside the home (86.1%). An equal proportion (61.0%) of males and females used some contraceptive method in their first sexual intercourse; however, more males had used a contraceptive method in their most recent intercourse. Having initiated their sexual activity in stable, affective relationships, females proved to be more vulnerable to STD/AIDS, since they switched from condoms to the pill in their subsequent sexual activity. Male adolescents continued to use mostly condoms, probably because they were involved mainly in non-stable relationships.

Conversando sobre sexo: a rede sociofamiliar como base de promoção da saúde sexual e reprodutiva de adolescentes

This study aimed to assess whom adolescents shared information and dialogues about sexuality with. Therefore, 383 fifteen to nineteen year-old adolescents enrolled in a family health unit in the city of Sao Paulo (Brazil) were interviewed in 2002. Adolescents most frequently seemed to talk about sex with peers, although they lost priority according to the complexity of the theme. Thus, teachers and health professionals were mainly indicated as a reference when talking about std/aids. For 20% of the adolescents, parents were the main persons to get information from, no matter the subject. The results indicated that this entire social and family network should be incorporated as partners in sexual and reproductive health promotion among adolescents.This study aimed to assess whom adolescents shared information and dialogues about sexuality with. Therefore, 383 fifteen to nineteen year-old adolescents enrolled in a family health unit in the city of São Paulo (Brazil) were interviewed in 2002. Adolescents most frequently seemed to talk about sex with peers, although they lost priority according to the complexity of the theme. Thus, teachers and health professionals were mainly indicated as a reference when talking about std/aids. For 20% of the adolescents, parents were the main persons to get information from, no matter the subject. The results indicated that this entire social and family network should be incorporated as partners in sexual and reproductive health promotion among adolescents.

Factors associated with sexual debut among adolescents enrolled in a family health unit in East Side São Paulo, Brazil

Com o objetivo de analisar os aspectos individuais e familiares associados ao inicio da vida sexual, foram entrevistados, entre junho e dezembro de 2002, 383 adolescentes solteiros entre 15 e 19 anos de idade, residentes na area de abrangencia de uma unidade de saude da familia da zona leste do Municipio de Sao Paulo, Brasil. Os dados foram analisados por meio de regressao logistica multipla separadamente para homens e mulheres. Os resultados mostraram que o namoro e a idade foram associados ao inicio da vida sexual dos adolescentes. No entanto, somente entre os homens, observou-se como fatores associados variaveis relacionadas aos pais e maes e, apenas entre as mulheres, variaveis relacionadas a propriedade do domicilio e aos irmaos. Dessa forma, o namoro e as questoes familiares, tais como os valores parentais no tocante as praticas sexuais de adolescentes e a presenca de irmao(a) que ja passou por gravidez antes de uma uniao, sao aspectos que necessitam ser incorporados na formulacao de politicas de saude reprodutiva e sexual voltadas aos adolescentes, pois mostraram ser determinantes na iniciacao sexual dos jovens entrevistados.

Relações de gênero e iniciação sexual de mulheres adolescentes

Se trata de un estudio transversal conducido con 222 adolescentes mujeres, entre 15 e 19 anos de edad, moradoras del area de una unidad de salud de la familia en la zona leste de la ciudad de Sao Paulo, cuyo objetivo fue describir las motivaciones para iniciar o no la vida sexual y los factores asociados a tal evento. Las adolescentes que ya habian iniciado la vida sexual eran mayores, no cohabitaban con los padres, estaban ausentes del sistema educacional, habitaban domicilios ocupados y enamoraban en mayor proporcion de lo que las sin experiencia sexual. Se observo tambien que, en la opinion de las entrevistadas, la iniciacion sexual, independiente del matrimonio, parecio ser acepta, pero fue largamente relatado el deseo de la existencia del vinculo afectivo-amoroso con la pareja de la primera practica sexual, reforzando que el tradicional papel atribuido a la sexualidad femenina, por las relaciones de genero, aun forma la base del comportamiento sexual de esas chicas.

Opinião de mulheres de uma unidade de saúde da família sobre a quantidade de leite materno produzido

Trata-se de estudo com o objetivo de conhecer a opiniao de mulheres sobre a quantidade de leite materno produzido, pois o leite insuficiente e uma das razoes mais referidas por mulheres de diversas culturas, para a introducao de alimentos complementares na dieta de criancas, antes do quarto mes de vida. Foram entrevistadas 41 mulheres de uma unidade de saude da familia, na zona leste do Municipio de Sao Paulo, em seu proprio domicilio, em 1998 e 1999. A maioria das maes (82,9%) considerou estar produzindo uma quantidade suficiente de leite materno. Elas utilizaram, como criterios para a avaliacao da quantidade de leite materno produzido, o volume das mamas, a drenagem espontânea de leite e o estado da crianca apos a mamada. Todas as mulheres introduziram leite artificial antes do quarto mes de idade, porem as que referiram leite materno insuficiente o fizeram mais precocemente (p=0,0088).This is a study aimed at knowing the opinion of women about the quantity of mothermilk produced, since insufficient milk is one of the main reasons mentioned by women from different cultures when introducing complementary feeding in childrens diet before the fourth month of life. The interviews were made at the homes of 41 women from a family health unit in the Eastern area of S o Paulo City in 1998 and 1999. The majority of the mothers (82.9%) considered they were producing a sufficient quantity of mothermilk. As evaluation criteria for the produced quantity of mothermilk, they used the size of the breasts, the spontaneous dropping of milk and the mood of the child after breastfeeding. All women introduced artificial milk before the fourth month, but those who mentioned insufficient milk did it earlier (p=0.0088).

Práticas contraceptivas entre jovens universitários: o uso da anticoncepção de emergência

This study investigated contraceptive practices and especially the use of emergency contraception by 487 young students at a public university in São Paulo State. A structured questionnaire was sent by e-mail and completed online in December 2007. Contraceptive methods and use of emergency contraception were investigated. Female and male students reported a high proportion of contraceptive use, mainly condoms and the pill. Half of the students had already used emergency contraception, often when already using some other highly effective method. Among female students, multiple regression analysis showed that current age, age at sexual initiation, not having used condoms in sexual relations, condom failure, and knowing someone that has used emergency contraception were associated with use of the latter. The option for emergency contraception proved to be more closely related to inconsistencies in the use of regular methods than to lack of their use, and can thus be considered a marker for discontinuity in regular contraception.

Trajetórias afetivo-amorosas e perfil reprodutivo de mulheres adolescentes residentes no Município de São Paulo

OBJECTIVES: to describe the love life and reproductive profile of female adolescents between 15 and 19 years old. METHODS: a cross-sectional study comprising 222 adolescents registered in a family health clinic in the East Zone of the city of Sao Paulo. Home surveys were performed between June and December of 2002. RESULTS: among 45.5% adolescents who had already began their sexual life, the mean age of the first sexual intercourse was 15.3 years old. A considerable number (17.1%) had already experienced pregnancy and three cases of abortion were reported. Nevertheless, at 19 years old, 2.9%, 14.3% and 34.3% of the adolescents had not kissed, had a boy friend or initiated a sexual life, respectively demonstrating that sexual habits in adolescence are diverse and heterogeneous. CONCLUSIONS: adolescents reflected different reproductive profiles comprising adolescents who had never been involved in a love relationship or even sexual relationship and adolescents who had already experienced pregnancy or opted to abort. These aspects disclose the need to the design of public policies aimed at the reproductive and sexual health of Brazilian female adolescents.

Food Consumption and Iron Intake of Pregnant and Reproductive Aged Women

Comparar la practica alimentar y el consumo de alimentos fuentes de hierro, naturales y fortificados, de mujeres en edad reproductiva, gestantes o no, constituye el objetivo de esta investigacion. Se trata de un estudio transversal, desarrollado en un centro de salud del municipio de Sao Paulo, en el cual participaron 61 mujeres, siendo 30 gestantes. Se utilizo un cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo alimentar y un recordatorio de 24h. Las principales fuentes naturales de hierro fueron frijoles y hojas verdes. Alimentos fortificados tambien tuvieron participacion importante. Hubo una pequena diferencia estadisticamente significativa entre el consumo alimentar de las gestantes y no gestantes. Se observo inadecuacion del consumo de hierro, folato y calcio en los dos grupos. Las mujeres no gestantes atenderian la demanda de hierro, considerandose el adicional recomendado para la fortificacion de las harinas, sin embargo, las gestantes no. Hay necesidad de implementar estrategias combinadas: fortificacion de los alimentos, suplemento medicamentoso para gestantes y orientacion nutricional para las mujeres en general.Comparar a pratica alimentar e o consumo de alimentos fontes de ferro, naturais e fortificados, de mulheres em idade reprodutiva, gestantes ou nao, constituiu o objetivo desta pesquisa. Estudo transversal, desenvolvido em um centro de saude do municipio de Sao Paulo, envolvendo 61 mulheres, sendo 30 gestantes. Utilizou-se questionario de frequencia de consumo alimentar e recordatorio de 24h. As principais fontes naturais de ferro foram feijao e folhas verdes. Alimentos fortificados tambem tiveram participacao importante. Houve pequena diferenca estatisticamente significativa entre o consumo alimentar das gestantes e nao gestantes. Observou-se inadequacao do consumo de ferro, folato e calcio nos dois grupos. As mulheres nao gestantes atenderiam a demanda de ferro, considerando-se o adicional recomendado para a fortificacao das farinhas, porem, as gestantes nao. Ha necessidade de estrategias combinadas: fortificacao dos alimentos, suplementacao medicamentosa para gestantes e orientacao nutricional para as mulheres em geral.This study compares the eating habits and consumption of natural and fortified iron sources in pregnant and reproductive aged women. This cross-sectional study was developed in a health center located in São Paulo, SP, Brazil. We studied 61 women, of which 30 were pregnant. A food frequency questionnaire and a 24-hour recall instrument were used. The main natural sources of iron were beans and greens, although fortified foods were also an important source. There was little statistically significant difference between the food consumption of pregnant and non-pregnant women. Inadequate intake of iron, folate and calcium was observed in both groups. Non-pregnant women meet the iron recommendation, considering the iron added in fortified foods, though pregnant women do not. These results suggest the need for mixed strategies: food fortification, iron supplements for pregnant women and nutritional instruction for women in general.

Gravidez na adolescência: valores e reações dos membros da família

Objective: To describe the experience of 19 family members regarding teen pregnancy. Methods: This was a qualitative study using narrative analysis approach. Results: Three categories emerged: a) family values and sexual orientations given; b) receiving the pregnancy news and arrangements made; and, c) providing support tot eh pregnant teen. Conclusions: Teen pregnancy happened in a solid family organization context and the trajectory of teenager mothers after childbirth was characterized by family bonding and social network support. The new mother received material and psychoemotional support from her family members.

Conhecimento, atitude e práticas na prevenção do câncer de colo uterino e hpv em adolescentes

Resumen La iniciación sexual cada vez más temprana propicia un nivel alto de vulnerabilidad de los adolescentes a los problemas de la esfera sexual / reproductiva, incluyendo el cáncer del cuello del útero y la infección por VPH. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas en la prevención de cáncer cervical y la infección por VPH en la población adolescente y evaluar las situaciones que los tornan vulnerables. Este es un estudio transversal realizado en una escuela pública en Sao Paulo con 134 adolescentes entre 14 y 19 años. El promedio de la edad de iniciación sexual fue de 14,8 años. La mayoría de los adolescentes no tienen conocimientos adecuados sobre la prevención de este tipo de cáncer. También presentó bajas tasas de la prueba del Papanicolaou . Las estadísticas justifican la inclusión de estas adolescentes en los programas para la detección de este cáncer. Es indispensable invertir en la educación sexual en las instituciones educativas aunadas con campañas sobre la impor tancia del Papanicolaou vinculadas con actividades educativas que tengan un enfoque adecuado y un lenguaje apropiado. Palabras clave: Adolescente. Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual. Frotis Vaginal. Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino. 1Enfermeira. Especialista em Saúde Pública. Mestranda em Enfermagem em Saúde Coletiva pela USP. Brasil. E-mail: ferla@usp.br, 2Enfermeira. Doutora em Enfermagem em Saúde Coletiva pela USP. Professora do Depar tamento de Enfermagem em Saúde Coletiva da USP. Brasil. E-mail: izumi@usp.br, 3Enfermeira. Doutora em Enfermagem em Saúde Coletiva pela USP. Professora do Depar tamento de Enfermagem em Saúde Coletiva da USP. Brasil. E-mail: analuizavb@gmail.com PESQUISA RESEARCH INVESTIGACIÓN Sexual initiation increasingly early offers high vulnerability of adolescent to problems in the sexual/reproductive scenario, including cancer of the uterine cervix and HPV infection. This study aimed to identify the knowledge, attitude and practice in the prevention of cervical cancer and HPV infection in adolescent populations and assess the situations that make them vulnerable. The cross-sectional study was conducted in a public school in Sao Paulo with 134 adolescents between 14 and 19 years old. The age of sexual initiation is 14.8 years on average. Most adolescents had no adequate knowledge about the prevention of this malignancy. The access to Papanicolaou test was also low in this population. Statistics justify the inclusion of adolescents in programs for detection of cancer. We must invest in sex education in educational institutions and join the campaign for collecting Papanicolaou with educational activities with appropriate focus and language appropriate to change the current scenario. keywords: Adolescent. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Vaginal Smears. Uterine Cervical Neoplasms. Ferla Maria Simas Bastos Cirino1 Knowledge, attitude and practice in the prevention of cervical cancer and HPV in adolescents Ana Luiza Vilela Borges3