Ana Maria Fontenelle Catrib

Perspectiva da epistemologia histórica e a escola promotora de saúde

This article discusses education, especially school itself, from the philosophical perspective of Gaston Bachelard and Thomas Kuhn, along with some aspects of healthcare. A criticism is made of instrumentalism in school, showing how this model has been exhausted. Recourse is made to the thinking of Bachelard, whereby all knowledge is the result of the painstaking work of investigating reality. The ideas of Kuhn are drawn upon to reflect on the paradigm shift and its meaning in education. Based on these two lines, the design of a desirable school is put forward: inclusive, multiple, pluralist, interactive, systematic, promoting health, perceiving nature as a source of life, and discussing the relationship with the environment from the perspective of bioethics, quality of life and citizenship.

Cartografia do cuidado na saúde da gestante

This work uses cartography as a method for mapping the trajectory of primary healthcare provided to pregnant women. The scope of the study comprises 9 Basic Healthcare Units located in the city of Juazeiro do Norte in the State of Ceara. In all, fifteen women in the 37th to 39th week of pregnancy were selected. Interviews were conducted with these women during the period from January to June 2010. The cartographic findings were depicted in stages in the flowchart, which exposed lacunas in prenatal healthcare, such as the low number of oncotic cytology exams conducted and the lack of educational counseling. Nevertheless, in the interviews, a significant number of pregnant women expressed satisfaction with the prenatal care provided. The good relationships developed between the healthcare professionals and the pregnant women were the main reason that led them to continue the treatment. This fact reinforces the importance of dialogue between these two actors for the success of prenatal healthcare.

Mais que educar... ações promotoras de saúde e ambientes saudáveis na percepção do professor da escola pública

Objective: To investigate the perception of public school teachers in the city of Aracoiaba- CE, Brazil, on health promoting actions and healthy environments. Methods: This was a case study conducted in public school, in April 2009, with the participation of 26 elementary school teachers. For collecting data we used the technique of group interview. Content analysis of Laurence Bardin was applied for data analysis. Results: The perception of teachers interviewed in relation to health promoting actions and healthy environments was restricted to focal experiences. Therefore, it was necessary to consider how teachers work the health issue in school environment, as well as the link between education for health and the scheduling of all school subjects. Conclusion: The knowledge of teachers on health seemed to be relevant but lacking of a better insight into the concepts. Health practices developed in school related to emergency measures such as Dengue and activity directed to oral health. We believe that health promotion in school should be a permanent action that contributes to the development of capacity, acquisitions and skills of each individual and the community.

Proyecto terapéutico en Salud Mental: Práctica y procesos en las dimensiones componentes de la atención psicosocial

Objetivou-se compreender o cuidado psicossocial, tendo como analisador o projeto terapeutico dos usuarios, a partir das narrativas de profissionais dos servicos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, embasada na Hermeneutica. As narrativas contextualizam um cenario marcado pelas dimensoes epistemologica e tecnico-assistencial da atencao psicossocial. O projeto terapeutico descaracteriza-se de sua concepcao abrangente, de processo dinâmico, para ser concretizado a partir de um trabalho fragmentado pela especializacao. A pesquisa provocou um movimento de reflexao dos profissionais, a partir da problematizacao de projetos terapeuticos, abrindo caminhos para a reformulacao das acoes da equipe, numa proposta de trabalho da equipe interdisciplinar. Foi evidente a escassez de discussoes que considerassem o protagonismo dos usuarios e da familia na construcao do projeto terapeutico, revelando, assim, a fragilidade das acoes de cuidado psicossocial nas dimensoes que consideram a participacao e construcao de cidadania.

Projeto terapêutico em Saúde Mental: práticas e processos nas dimensões constituintes da atenção psicossocial

Objetivou-se compreender o cuidado psicossocial, tendo como analisador o projeto terapeutico dos usuarios, a partir das narrativas de profissionais dos servicos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, embasada na Hermeneutica. As narrativas contextualizam um cenario marcado pelas dimensoes epistemologica e tecnico-assistencial da atencao psicossocial. O projeto terapeutico descaracteriza-se de sua concepcao abrangente, de processo dinâmico, para ser concretizado a partir de um trabalho fragmentado pela especializacao. A pesquisa provocou um movimento de reflexao dos profissionais, a partir da problematizacao de projetos terapeuticos, abrindo caminhos para a reformulacao das acoes da equipe, numa proposta de trabalho da equipe interdisciplinar. Foi evidente a escassez de discussoes que considerassem o protagonismo dos usuarios e da familia na construcao do projeto terapeutico, revelando, assim, a fragilidade das acoes de cuidado psicossocial nas dimensoes que consideram a participacao e construcao de cidadania.

Relatos de gestores da Assistência Social, Educação e Segurança Pública sobre o enfrentamento da violência

The study examines the perception of municipal managers in fighting violence against children and adolescents. With qualitative approach and inquiries about policies and actions implemented to prevent and confront the phenomenon, 25 education, welfare and public safety managers from 13 municipalities in the metropolitan region of Fortaleza, in 2010 and 2011 participated. The content analysis in the thematic mode enabled the data interpretation. Sexual abuse, neglect and child labor stood subsumed by structural violence, socioeconomic inequality, family vulnerability and drug addiction. The lack of public resources, the sectoral breakdown, the slow pace of justice, the paucity of public policies and the managers’ unpreparedness were some mishaps mentioned by participants. The phenomenon plural character demands government segments integration at the iniquities aggregated to the genesis and violence extent.

Compreensão existencial: uma abordagem pedagógica de promoção da vida

The article addresses the importance of the methodology of existential understanding within the context of reflective pedagogy. It proposes parameters that educators can use in developing a situated consciousness, where a vision of the indivisible totality is made evident through the ongoing integration of the mental ecosystems three facets: knowledge, sensitivity, and action. It suggests that educators build a solid base of existential understanding so as to lend significance to their knowledge and to the actions they take on stage.

Percepção de pacientes com diabetes sobre o autocuidado

Objective: To analyze the diabetic patients’ perception of self-care. Methods: Qualitative study, carried out in a diabetes and hypertension referral center in Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil, in the period from February to June 2016. The sample consisted of 12 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes who attended the meetings of the Social Responsibility Program. For data collection, a focus group was carried out, followed by the thematic analysis, thus emerging four categories: acquisition of healthy life habits; eating and physical activity allied to diabetes management; continuous adherence to medication for prevention of injuries; and daily care with diabetic foot prevention. Results: It can be understood, through the reports, that there is development of awareness based on the practice of education and health presented by the participants linked to the program. The patients expressed to the group the importance of their awareness of the essential care procedures for management of diabetes, highlighting good health practices, such as: a balanced diet, the regular practice of physical exercises, non-abandonment of medication therapy, and foot hygiene and care. Conclusion: The study found that the Social Responsibility Program gave rise to changes in life habits, considering the practice of health education as fundamental to the diabetic patients’ perception.

Construcción del estereotipo del del “macho nordestino “ brasileño en las letras de forró

Objetiva-se compreender a construcao e as modificacoes da identidade de genero masculina na Regiao Nordeste, com base no estudo das letras de forro. A partir das analises das cancoes como um territorio semiotico, o corpus da pesquisa conglomera letras de representantes iconicos, de cada periodo do forro, incluindo desde o compositor brasileiro Luiz Gonzaga ate a contemporaneidade. Este corpus organiza-se nas categorias ‘Nordestinidade’, ‘Imagetica Masculina’, ‘Imagetica feminina’ e ‘Violencia de Genero’. Pode-se apreender que a identidade cultural do nordestino foi historicamente consolidada nos principios patriarcais. Os discursos do forro comprovaram a adaptacao desses preceitos as leis de mercado do mundo globalizado, levando, cada vez mais, a mulher a se perceber como mercadoria e a legitimar sua subordinacao. Neste contexto, ressalta-se a relevância da compreensao dos simbolos culturais e de seu papel na construcao das subjetividades masculinas e femininas no Nordeste brasileiro.

Construção do estereótipo do “macho nordestino” nas letras de forró no Nordeste brasileiro

Objetiva-se compreender a construcao e as modificacoes da identidade de genero masculina na Regiao Nordeste, com base no estudo das letras de forro. A partir das analises das cancoes como um territorio semiotico, o corpus da pesquisa conglomera letras de representantes iconicos, de cada periodo do forro, incluindo desde o compositor brasileiro Luiz Gonzaga ate a contemporaneidade. Este corpus organiza-se nas categorias ‘Nordestinidade’, ‘Imagetica Masculina’, ‘Imagetica feminina’ e ‘Violencia de Genero’. Pode-se apreender que a identidade cultural do nordestino foi historicamente consolidada nos principios patriarcais. Os discursos do forro comprovaram a adaptacao desses preceitos as leis de mercado do mundo globalizado, levando, cada vez mais, a mulher a se perceber como mercadoria e a legitimar sua subordinacao. Neste contexto, ressalta-se a relevância da compreensao dos simbolos culturais e de seu papel na construcao das subjetividades masculinas e femininas no Nordeste brasileiro.