Ana Pešić

Architecting an IoT-enabled platform for precision agriculture and ecological monitoring: A case study

Abstract This paper discusses a case study of designing a private Internet of Things (IoT) enabled platform for the research in precision agriculture and ecological monitoring domains. The system architecture is gradually derived using an approach of multiple, concurrent views. Each view represents an architectural perspective describing the solution from the viewpoint of different stakeholders, such as end-users, researchers, developers, and project managers. The end-user requirements have been identified using a set of high-level scenarios, which capture the context and illustrate the motivation for building the platform. The requirements and architecture of the proposed platform have been derived so that the users of the platform, researchers, and developers on the project, can utilize it for prototyping solutions for these high level use cases. The paper further describes the implementation of the platform and its evaluation using various sensor nodes deployed at the research and end-user facilities. The solution is open to further development with respect to supporting additional IoT protocols, data types, and interfacing to various analytics tools. The proposed architecture can also be implemented using different server platforms and cloud technologies.

Distribution and abundance of eggs and estimation of spawning stock biomass of anchovy, Engraulis encrasicolus (Linnaeus, 1758), in the south-eastern Adriatic Sea

Seasonal distribution and abundance of anchovy eggs were analysed during three scientific cruises carried out from summer 2006 to summer 2007 in the Boka Kotorska Bay, and one cruise in July 2008 in the open waters of the south-eastern Adriatic Sea. Daily egg production method (DEPM) was applied for the first time for estimation of the anchovy spawning stock biomass in the south-eastern Adriatic Sea. The daily egg production was 13–581 eggs day −1 within the bay, and 42–110 eggs day −1 in the open waters. Anchovy egg abundance was highest in spring inside the Bay of Kotor (one of the innermost and eutrophic sub-bays of the Boka Kotorska Bay), which indicates that the conditions for anchovy spawning are very favourable in this part of the Adriatic Sea, even when temperatures are below the optimum. This study has shown that the Boka Kotorska Bay is an area of very intensive spawning of anchovy, and that small-size anchovies live and spawn in the bay, and after spawning migrate towards open waters. The length at which 50% of anchovy were mature (L50) was calculated as 9.28 for females and 9.02 for males. Spawning stock biomass was at a stable level during the period of investigation.

Composition and Distribution of Ichthyoplankton in the Boka Kotorska Bay

This paper provides an overview of all the data available on qualitative composition and distribution of ichthyoplankton in the area of the Boka Kotorska Bay. Although the research activities were not conducted continuously, the results showed a high level of diversity and abundance of certain species and proved that the Boka Kotorska Bay is one of the most important spawning areas and feeding grounds for juveniles of a number of pelagic fish species. Analysis of the plankton material resulted in identification of spawning of 40 different species from 7 genera and 20 families. Ichthyoplankton communities’ diversity was analysed by two diversity indices: Shannon’s diversity index (H′) and Simpson’s index (D). Early developmental stages of fish are one of the most sensitive phases in the fish lifecycle, so ichthyoplankton research is one of the main tasks of fisheries biology.

The History of Fishery in Boka Kotorska Bay and Traditional Types of Fishery

Among oldest occupations that the local population in the Boka Kotorska Bay has been engaged in, since the ancient times, is sea fishing, but despite the fact that it has centuries’ old tradition in this region, there are very few written records on the history and tradition of fishery in the Boka Bay. This paper provides an overview of the basic fishery types in the Bay over the past centuries, describes the boats and fishing gears used in those times, but also today, as well as the manner of use of certain fishing gear types. It gives also an overview of historical development and changes in some fishing gears over the time as well as changes in socio-economic and social relations in fishery. Apart from its economic significance, the fishing with traditional gear in the Boka Kotorska Bay also has a strong culturological and sociological importance for the local population and as such, it should be preserved and protected at the times of industrialization and development of the coastal area. Activities aimed to preserve the traditional fishery types in the Boka Kotorska Bay should also be implemented in order to diversify further the tourist offer of Montenegro since, in addition to provision of fresh, wholesome food from the sea the use of traditional gear is also a tourist attraction.