Anderson Carlos Marçal

Enhanced peroxisomal β-oxidation is associated with prevention of obesity and glucose intolerance by fish oil-enriched diets

The effects of different amounts of omega 3—polyunsaturated fatty acids in diets with normal or high content of fat on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism were investigated.

Swimming and cycling do not cause positive effects on bone mineral density: a systematic review

Osteoporosis is considered a common metabolic bone disease and its prevalence is increasing worldwide. In this context, physical activity has been used as a non-pharmacological tool for prevention and auxiliary treatment of this disease. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effects of cycling and swimming practice on bone mineral density (BMD). This research was conducted in accordance with the recommendations outlined by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The studies were consulted in the period from 2004 to 2014, through major electronic databases: PubMed(®), SciELO(®) and LILACS(®). Ten studies evaluated the effects of cycling on BMD, and the results showed that nine studies have linked the practice of professional cycling with low levels of BMD. Another 18 studies have reported that swimming has no positive effects on bone mass. We conclude that cycling and swimming do not cause positive effects on BMD; thus, these are not the most suitable exercises for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

Natação e ciclismo não causam efeitos positivos na densidade mineral óssea: uma revisão sistemática

Osteoporosis is considered a common metabolic bone disease and its prevalence is increasing worldwide. In this context, physical activity has been used as a non-pharmacological tool for prevention and auxiliary treatment of this disease. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effects of cycling and swimming practice on bone mineral density (BMD). This research was conducted in accordance with the recommendations outlined by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The studies were consulted in the period from 2004 to 2014, through major electronic databases: PubMed®, SciELO® and LILACS®. Ten studies evaluated the effects of cycling on BMD, and the results showed that nine studies have linked the practice of professional cycling with low levels of BMD. Another 18 studies have reported that swimming has no positive effects on bone mass. We conclude that cycling and swimming do not cause positive effects on BMD; thus, these are not the most suitable exercises for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

EFEITOS DO EXERCÍCIO RESISTIDO DE ALTA INTENSIDADE EM RATOS QUE RECEBERAM DEXAMETASONA

Introduccion: A largo plazo, la dexametasona promueve cambios nocivos sobre el metabolismo de los hidratos de carbono. Objetivo: Evaluar los efectos del entrenamiento de resistencia de alta intensidad en la sensibilidad a la insulina, tolerancia a la glucosa y la fuerza muscular en ratas sometidas a la utilizacion cronica de dexametasona. Metodos: Se dividieron aleatoriamente 40 ratas macho en cuatro grupos: 1) Control Sedentario (CS); 2) Control Entrenado (CE) 3); Dexametasona Sedentario (DS); 4) Dexametasona Entrenado (DE). El entrenamiento de resistencia se llevo a cabo en un aparato de agachamiento compuesto por tres series, 10 repeticiones, con intensidad del 75% de 1 RM durante cuatro semanas. Al mismo tiempo, los grupos de DS y DE recibieron dexametasona intraperitoneal diaria (0,2 g/kg) y los grupos CS y CE recibieron solo solucion salina (0,9%). Al final del protocolo se llevaron a cabo las pruebas de tolerancia a la glucosa, sensibilidad a la insulina y de fuerza maxima. Resultados: En los grupos entrenados (CE y DE) se aumento la fuerza muscular del 14,78% y 36,87%, respectivamente, sin aumento significativo en los grupos sedentarios. En la prueba de tolerancia a la glucosa, los grupos entrenados (CE y DE) mostraron amplitudes atenuadas de la glucosa en plasma en comparacion con los grupos sedentarios (CS y SD). En la prueba de sensibilidad a la insulina, el grupo DE mostro disminucion del area bajo la curva en relacion con el grupo DS. Conclusion: El entrenamiento de resistencia de alta intensidad promovio mejora en la sensibilidad a la insulina, tolerancia a la glucosa y el aumento de la fuerza muscular en ratas sometidas al uso cronico de dexametasona.

Morphological alterations in the heart and aorta of rats treated with glucocorticoids

Introduction: The objective of this study was to analyze the morphological structure of the heart and aorta of rats treated with the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone. Material and Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: 08 control rats undergoing treatment with a 0.9% saline solution for 10 days and 08 rats treated for 10 days with dexamethasone (2mg/kg animal weight). Results: Histological analysis detected a mild cardiac hypertrophy and 15% reduction of collagen located in the aorta of animals treated with glucocorticoid when compared to the control group. Conclusion: We conclude that treatment with dexamethasone for a period of 10 consecutive days is able to promote morphological changes in the structure of the heart chamber and, impair morphological structure of aorta.