Andi Soufyan

Effect of application of betel leaf extract gel on enamel surface roughness

This study was conducted to determine the effect of application of betel leaf extract gel at different concentrations on enamel surface roughness. We treated 18 bovine enamels with betel leaf extract gel at 15%, 25%, and 25% concentrations every 4 min for 20 min, 40 min, and 44 min. We found a decrease in surface roughness with the application of 15% and 35% betel leaf extract gel for 20 and 40 min and an increase after 44 min. With the application of 25% betel leaf extract gel, we found an increase after 20 min but a decrease after 40 and 44 min. We conclude that betel leaf extract gel affects the surface roughness of tooth enamel. The most effective application was with 15% betel leaf extract gel for 3 months.

Effect of betel leaf extract gel on the hardness of enamel

The main component of betel leaf (Piper betle Linn.) is tannin, which easily binds with proteins and can affect enamel hardness. Betel leaf extract was applied as a topical gel to the enamel of 18 bovine teeth specimens embedded in acrylic resin (three groups of 15%, 25%, and 35% gel applied for 1, 3, and 6 months). Enamel hardness was measured with a Knoop microindentation tester. Statistical analysis was done by repeated and one-way analysis of variance tests. A significant increase in microhardness was noted after 6 months of 15% betel leaf extract application (P < 0.05). Betel leaf extract gel can significantly affect enamel hardness.

Effect of betel leaf extract gel on color change in the dental enamel

Betel leaf extract gel contains tannin, a chromogenic agent that causes extrinsic discoloration of the tooth enamel. This study aimed to determine the effect of betel leaf extract gel on color changes in the tooth enamel. Eighteen extracted premolar teeth were divided into three groups (n = 6 each) based on the concentration of the betel leaf extract gel: 15%, 25%, and 35%. Color measurements were performed before application, and after 5, 15, and 26 applications (equivalent to 1, 3, and 6 months of application, respectively). The discolorations were calculated using the CIE L*a*b* formula. Statistical analysis revealed significant changes in color on the enamel surface among the 5, 15, and 26 gel applications at all three concentrations. Thus, duration of application of the betel leaf extract gel has a significant effect on color change of tooth enamel.

Aplikasi klorheksidin glukonat 2%pada dentin tidak mempengaruhi kuat rekat geserkomposit resinyangmenggunakansistem adesif self etch (2% Chlorhexidine gluconate application on dentine does not affect bond strength of resin composite using self etch adhesive system)

Composite resin is a widely used aesthetic restoration. The restoration can fail due to secondary caries. Chlorhexidine gluconate 2% is used as a cavity disinfectant to eliminate microorganisms on the prepared cavity and to prevent the secondary caries. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of chlorhexidine gluconate 2% to the bond strength of composite resin with self etch system adhesive on dentine. Sixteen specimens of buccal dentine of premolars crown are divided into 2 different groups. Group I: Clearfil SE Bond self-etch primer was applied for 20 seconds, Clearfil SE Bond bonding was applied for 5 seconds and polymerized for 10 seconds. Composite resin was constructed incrementally and polymerized for 20 seconds. Group II: prior to self etch primer application as in group I, chlorhexidine gluconate 2% was applied for 15 seconds. Shear bond strength was tested using Testing machine and analyzed with unpaired T test. The highest shear bond strength was obtained by applying chlorhexidine gluconate 2%. The study concludes that chlorhexidine gluconate 2% application to dentine did not affect significantly to the bond strength composite resin using self etch adhesive systems. Key word: dentin, self etch adhesive system, chlorhexidine gluconate 2%, shear bond strength ABSTRAK Meskipun resin komposit merupakan restorasi estetik yang banyak digunakan dewasa ini, namun restorasi ini dapat mengalami kegagalan yang disebabkan salah satunya oleh karies sekunder. Klorheksidin glukonat 2% digunakan sebagai disinfektan kavitas untuk mengurangi jumlah mikroorganisme di dalam kavitas yang telah dipreparasi dan untuk mencegah karies sekunder. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis pengaruh klorheksidin glukonat 2% terhadap kuat rekat geser komposit resin dengan sistem adesif self etch pada dentin. Sebanyak 16 spesimen dentin bukal dari mahkota gigi premolar, dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok. Kelompok I: diaplikasi primer Clearfil SE Bond selama 20 detik kemudian aplikasi bonding Clearfil SE Bond selama 10 detik dan polimerisasi dengan sinar selama 10 detik. Resin komposit diaplikasikan secara inkremental dan polimerisasi selama 20 detik. Kelompok II: sebelum aplikasi primer Clearfil SE Bond seperti pada kelompok I, kavitas diberi perlakuan klorheksidin glukonat 2% selama 15 detik. Kuat rekat geser diuji menggunakan testing machine dan dianalisis dengan uji-t tidak berpasangan. Rerata kuat rekat geser tertinggi pada kelompok sistem adesif self etch dengan aplikasi klorheksidin glukonat 2%. Disimpulkan bahwa aplikasi klorheksidin glukonat 2% pada dentin tidak mempengaruhi secara bermakna terhadap kuat rekat geser komposit resin yang menggunakan sistem adesif self etch. Kata kunci: dentin, sistem adesif self etch, klorheksidin glukonat 2%, kuat rekat geser Koresponden: Dewi Puspitasari, Departemen Ilmu Material Kedokteran Gigi FKG UI, Jl. Salemba Raya No.4 Jakarta Pusat 10430, Indonesia. E-mail: dewident@gmail.com PENDAHULUAN Resin komposit merupakan bahan restorasi estetikyang palingbanyak digunakansecaraluassaat ini.Kelebihanyang dimiliki, selainestetikyangbaik, adalah sifat adesif, preparasi kavitas yang minimal sehingga lebih mendukung untuk mempertahankan jaringangigi sehat yang tersisa,namunrestorasiresin komposit masih menunjukkan tingkat kegagalan yang lebih tinggi bila dibandingkan dengan restorasi amalgam. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kegagalan restorasi resin komposit paling banyak disebabkan oleh karies sekunder. Karies sekunder dapat disebabkan oleh bakteri yang terdapat dalam kavitas yang telah dipreparasi dan juga bakteri yang masuk melalui celah yang terbentuk karena adanya polymerization shrinkagesehingga terjadi kebocoran mikro pada tepinya. Pemeriksaan histologi dan bakteri menunjukkan bahwa hanya sebagian kecil gigiyangsterilsetelahpreparasikavitas. Berdasarkan asumsi tersebut, aplikasi disinfektan pasca preparasi kavitas sangat penting dilakukan untuk meniadakan risiko karies sekunder karena aktivitas bakteri. Telah banyak hasil penelitian yang menyatakan bahwa larutan antibakteri seperti sodium hipoklorit, Dentofasial, Vol.13, No.1, Februari 2014: 7-12