André Brugnara Soares

Produção animal e de forragem em pastagem nativa submetida a distintas ofertas de forragem

This trial was conducted in natural pasture area of the Agronomic Experimental Station of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (Porto Alegre-RS), from 10/25/2000 to 09/13/2001, with the objective of evaluating the treatments: 8%, 12%, 16% of dry matter allowance (DMA) over the year, 8% of DMA at spring and 12% at summer, autumn and winter (8-12%); 12% of DMA at spring and 8% at summer, autumn and winter (12-8%) e 16% of DMA at spring and 12% at summer, autumn and winter (16-12%), using steers on continuous grazing with variable stocking rate. The experimental design used was blocks randomised with two replications. The biggest average daily weight gain over the year (0.466 kg/an/day) was obtained in the increased DMA treatment. This treatment, also, was the only management the animals increased weight at winter. The animal production/ha was smaller in the 16% and 16-12% treatments. The DMA changing over the seasons, as a procedure to manipulate the vegetation structure and composition to increase forage production and average daily weight gain was efficient, and its effect upon the forage and animal production go on all the seasons.

Influência da luminosidade no comportamento de onze espécies forrageiras perenes de verão

Objetivou-se avaliar o comportamento de especies forrageiras (Brachiaria decumbens cv. Basilisk, Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, Panicum maximum cvs. Tanzânia, Aruana e Mombaca, Hemarthria altissima cv. Florida; Paspalum notatum cv. Pensacola, Axonopus catharinensis, Cynodon sp. hibrido Tifton-85; Arachis pintoi cvs. Alqueire e Amarillo) submetidas a diferentes niveis de luminosidade produzidos por arvores de Pinus taeda (ceu aberto; 9 m entre linhas e 3 m entre arvores; e 15 m entre linhas e 3 m entre arvores). Avaliaram-se a producao de MS, a relacao lâmina foliar:colmo (L:C), o nivel de florescimento das plantas, os teores de PB e FDN e as variaveis meteorologicas e do solo, na projecao da copa e no meio da entrelinha de arvores, de cada parcela. A producao de MS foi afetada negativamente pelo sombreamento, por outro lado, o teor de PB foi maior nas parcelas sombreadas em relacao ao pleno sol. Alem da menor radiacao, a velocidade do vento e a temperatura do solo nas parcelas sombreadas foram menores naquelas a sol pleno. O teor de FDN nao diferiu significativamente entre os niveis de luminosidade, embora a relacao L:C tenha sido maior na entrelinha do 9 × 3 em relacao aquela a ceu aberto. As especies forrageiras mais produtivas e com maior potencial para utilizacao em ambiente silvipastoril foram: Axonopus catharinensis e Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu.

Animal productivity and economic return in oat plus ryegrass pasture fertilized with sources of nitrogen

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the animal productivity and economic return of the use of urea or ammonium sulfate for fertilization of oat (Avena strigosa Schreb) plus ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) pasture. The pasture was established on 04/21/94 and the grazing period occured from 06/05 to 11/06/94. The continuous grazing method with variable stocking rate was used. The animals used were beef heifers, with 10 months of age. The amount of nitrogen used was 200 kg/ha, subdivided in three applications. The source of nitrogen did not significantly affect the average daily gain, .579 and .615 kg, the stocking rate, 873 and 842 kg of live weight/ha and the live weight gain/ha, 428 and 453 kg/ha, for urea and ammonium sulfate, respectively. Nitrogen fertilization represented 34.10 and 47.56% of the total cost of the pasture, when urea and ammonium sulfate were used, respectively. The gross income was of U

Produção animal e retorno econômico em misturas de gramíneas anuais de estação fria

299.50 and 318.00/ha and the net income was of U

Produção e Qualidade de Forragem da Mistura de Gramíneas Anuais de Estação Fria sob Pastejo Contínuo

47.90 and 1.90/ha, for urea and ammonium sulfate, respectively. Since no significant difference occurred in live weight gain/ha, the decision of using urea or ammonium sulfate for fertilization of annual winter pasture should be based on the price per kg of nitrogen.

Oat, triticale and rye in mixture with ryegrass: 1. Dynamics, forage yield and quality

The animal performance and productivity in mixtures of annual temperate grasses under continuous grazing condition were evaluated. The mixtures MTR - Triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) plus ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), MOR - Oat (Avena strigosa Schreb) plus ryegrass, MTOR - Triticale plus oat plus ryegrass, were used. The broadcasting sowing was realized at 04/21/95, being fertilized with 200 kg/ha (05-30-15), being the broadcasting fertilization of 175 kg/ha of nitrogen. The beginning of the grazing occurred at 06/10/95, and was extended until 11/14/95. The average daily weight gain was similar among the mixtures, being 693, 685 and 665 g, for MTR, MOR and MTOR, respectively. The average stocking rate was superior in the MTR mixtures in relation to the others, being 1.210, 1.055 and 1.116 kg of LW/ha. The MTR mixture presented the highest live weight gain/ha (650.7 kg/ha), followed by MTOR (592.4 kg/ha) and MOR (568.8 kg/ha). The cost/ha was superior in the MTR (R

Alelopatia de acículas de Pinus taeda na germinação e no desenvolvimento de plântulas de Avena strigosa

320,42), followed by MTOR (R

Efeitos de diferentes intensidades de pastejo em pastagem nativa melhorada sobre o desempenho animal

316,47) and MOR (R

Suplementação associada com lasalocida para novilhos em terminação em pastagem cultivada de inverno

312,69), the net income was also higher for MTR (R

Forage production dynamics of winter annual grasses sown on different dates

167,60), followed by MTOR (R