Andrea Báez

Segmenting and profiling attendees of a film festival

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse film festival spectators on the basis of their motives for attending as well as other variables linked to cultural consumption, the evaluation of the event and certain sociodemographic characteristics of attendees. Design/methodology/approach – Survey data were collected at the Valdivia International Film Festival, the case study. In order to achieve the goals of the paper, a variety of statistical methods and techniques were used. First, principal component factorial analysis was applied to identify the underlying motivational dimensions. Second, the authors adopted cluster analysis based on the dimensions pinpointed in the factorial analysis in order to segment festival attendees. Finally, analysis of variance and χ2 analysis were applied to establish each groups profile. Findings – The empirical research reveals three motivation factors (discovery, entertainment and cinema) and three discrete groups of spectators, labelled as socially indifferent, film...

Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: el caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia

Hoy, y debido a sus repercusiones en los territorios, la cultura y los festivales culturales forman parte de las estrategias de desarrollo local y regional, y de las actuaciones de regeneracion urbana. Tales repercusiones pueden ser de caracter social, cultural, turistico o economico, ya que la cultura genera impactos en terminos de produccion, rentas y empleos. En este marco, el objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la contribucion economica del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia a la ciudad y region donde se celebra. Para ello se utiliza la metodologia de los Estudios de Impacto Economico, basada en la definicion y medicion de tres tipos de efectos (directos, indirectos e inducidos). Los resultados muestran que el festival genera una repercusion significativa sobre la economia de la zona, beneficiando especialmente al sector turistico de la ciudad, y a los servicios a empresas. El trabajo pone tambien de manifiesto la importancia que los espectadores dan a las repercusiones culturales del festival, que constituyen, en realidad, la esencia del mismo.

Relación entre variables sociales, productivas y económicas en 16 predios campesinos lecheros de la provincia de Valdivia, Chile

SummARy This study explains the behaviour of productive variables as a function of social and economic variables of 16 small dairy farms from the Farming Management Programme of the Rio Bueno Farm Management Center (Centro de Gestion Agricola de Rio Bueno, CEGA S.A.), for the periods 2000-2001 and 2001-2002. A Multiple Linear Regression analysis was conducted considering three dependent variables: production seasonality, milk production (L/cow/year), and own capital profitability (%). These three variables were obtained using an expert panel method. The explanatory variables included social, productive, economic and financial aspects. The results showed that during the first period, production seasonality was related to the variables own capital profitability and the size of the area destined to milk production, while in the second period it was related to the financial solvency of a farm. The milk production variable was related to milk price in both periods. The own capital profitability variable was related to the cost of milk (per liter) in both periods, and to the area used in milk production, in the second period only.

Factors determining attendance at a film festival

The goal of this article is to assess which factors determine consumption of a cultural festival. Drawing on the data obtained from a survey among attendees of the Valdivia International Film Festival (Chile), two models analyzing consumption intensity (number of films seen) and participation frequency (number of editions attended) are estimated. The variables included in the models reflect the sociodemographic features of those attending as well as specific factors linked to experience and previous cultural consumption, in addition to variables related to motivation. Findings show the most important variables are those related to cultural capital when accounting for participation in the event, although age and place of residence in the case of participation frequency also prove significant. Certain implications regarding cultural policy and management are drawn from the findings to emerge.

Cinética mensual de parámetros químicos en la fase de prefloración en especies del género Nothofagus

SUMMARY We studied the allocation of energetic compounds before flowering in four species of Nothofagus in South Central Chile to determine the individuals that were more likely to flower. Several individuals of N. obliqua, N. alpina, N. dombeyi and N. nitida were categorized according to the amount of starch, total soluble carbohydrates and total proteins stored in the medullar tissue (the pith) before flowering. Categories ranged from I (0 to 25%) to IV (75% to 100%). Most individuals that actually flowered previously accumulated a considerable amount of starch and fitted into categories III and IV. Deciduous species had a large accumulation of energetic compounds early in the year (categories III and IV), but before flowering resources decreased (categories I and II). The opposite was observed in evergreen species. Finally, total proteins slightly increased during autumn and winter, probably induced by the low temperatures during these periods.

Comportamiento antibacteriano de partículas de cobre frente a microorganismos obtenidos de úlceras crónicas infectadas y su relación con la resistencia a antimicrobianos de uso común.

BACKGROUND The antimicrobial activity of copper (Cu+2) is recognized and used as an antimicrobial agent. AIM To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of copper against microorganisms obtained from chronic cutaneous wound infections. MATERIAL AND METHODS Five chemical products that contained copper particles in their composition were tested (zeolite, silica, acetate, nitrate and nanoparticle of copper). The antimicrobial activity against antibiotic resistant strains usually isolated from chronic cutaneous wound infections was determined for two of the products with better performance in copper release. RESULTS The minimal inhibitory and minimal bactericidal concentrations of copper acetate and nitrate were similar, fluctuating between 400-2,000 µg/ml. CONCLUSIONS The studied copper salts show great potential to be used to control both gram positive and gram negative, antibiotic resistant bacteria isolated from wound infections.Background: The antimicrobial activity of copper (Cu+2) is recognized and it is used as an antimicrobial agent. Aim: To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of copper against microorganisms obtained from chronic cutaneous wound infections. Material and methods: Five chemical products that contained copper particles in their composition were tested (zeolite, silica, acetate, nitrate and nanoparticle of copper). The antimicrobial activity against antibiotic resistant strains usually isolated from chronic cutaneous wound infections was determined for two of the products with better performance in copper release. Results: The Minimal inhibitory and minimal bactericidal concentrations of copper acetate and nitrate were similar, fluctuating between 400-2,000 ?g/ml. Conclusions: The studied copper salts show great potential to be used to control both gram positive and gram negative, antibiotic resistant bacteria isolated from wound infections.

A multivariate morphometric study of the iberian representatives ofPotentialla sect.Recta (Rosaceae)

A multivariate analysis has been performed in order to study the polymorphisms of the three species ofPotentilla sect.Recta (Th. Wolf)Juzepchuk represented in the Iberian Peninsula:P. asturicaRothm.,P. hirta L. andP. recta L. The variability of 20 characters (quantitative, binary and qualitative) has been evaluated in 76 collections mostly from the Iberian Peninsula and from other European territories, but also from North America, and North Africa. The analyses performed provide support for the recognition of the three species. The most discriminant among the quantitative characters is the width of the long trichomes on the stem, and then the width of the long trichomes on the leaves and the maximum length of the long trichomes. The interval of number of carpels, presence or absence of short eglandular trichomes and the abundance of long eglandular trichomes (>3 mm) are the most discriminant ones among the qualitative ones. The taxonomical position ofP. asturica, which has been previously subordinated as a subspecies within the other two taxa, is discussed. Our results support a good delimitation of this taxon which, on the basis of the morphological characters studied by us, seems to be morphologically more close toP. hirta than toP. recta, but differs significantly from both. A key to the three species is provided.

Caracterización de sistemas productivos lecheros en el Sur de Chile con distintos sistemas de manejo y su relación con el recuento total bacteriano de la leche producida: un análisis multivariable

Resumen es: Este estudio determino y caracterizo tipos de sistemas productivos lecheros para obtencion de leche (SP) en el Sur de Chile, asociando las variables de m...

CARACTERIZACIÓN DE LA PRODUCCIÓN LECHERA DE 16 PREDIOS CAMPESINOS DE LA PROVINCIA DE VALDIVIA MEDIANTE EL ANÁLISIS DE COMPONENTES PRINCIPALES

Se caracteriza la produccion lechera de 16 predios campesinos de la provincia de Valdivia, pertenecientes al programa de Gestion Agropecuaria del Centro de Gestion Agricola de Rio Bueno, CEGA S.A. utilizando los datos de dos temporadas agricolas, 2000/01 y 2001/02. La caracterizacion se realiza a traves del analisis de componentes principales, presente en el programa estadistico SPSS 10.0. Del analisis se obtienen tres componentes, de los nueve analizados, que caracterizan a los agricultores de este estudio: componente economico, de superficie y de calidad. Para el primer componente la variable es el precio promedio obtenido por litro, el cual genera incertidumbre en los agricultores al comercializar su producto. Para el segundo componente se concluye que, dentro del grupo de agricultores analizados, se producen diferencias en la cantidad de hectareas de sus explotaciones respectivas, no observandose que coincidiendo mayor superficie existan mejores indicadores economicos. Para el tercer componente, cuya variable es el recuento de celulas somaticas, este se relaciona con la creciente preocupacion que se debe tener en mejorar la calidad del producto ya que este indicador produce un aumento o disminucion en el precio del litro de leche. Se realizo un analisis detallado de los agricultores y su relacion con los tres componentes; desarrollando la caracterizacion, se pudo obtener una serie de grupos con las caracteristicas comunes que se presentan entre los agricultores.