Andréa Ferreira da Silva

Effects of income inequality on the economic growth of Brazilian states: An analysis using the cointegrated panel model

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of income inequality on the economic growth of Brazilian states in the period from 1994 to 2014. The transmission mechanism of the effects of income inequality on economic growth is derived from the model proposed by Halter et al. (2014). Design/methodology/approach The empirical formulation adopted to achieve this goal is divided into two stages. The first stage is limited to short-term analysis, and panel data models with fixed effects, random effects, and instrumental variables are used. In the second stage, the discussion turns to the use of the error correction model for a cointegrated panel. Findings The findings of this study suggest that inequalities in income and educational level are the principal determinants of different growth rates among Brazilian states. More specifically, it is found that additional years of schooling positively influence growth. By contrast, income inequality negatively affects this indicator. Originality/value The present study differs from the others in that it adapts the discussion proposed by Halter et al. (2014) to the analysis of Brazilian states. Halter et al. (2014) derive the transmission channel between income inequality and economic growth, showing a non-monotonic adjustment trajectory of production that leads to a linear theoretical model of income inequality and economic growth that is similar to those used in this type of approach.

Pruebas en pobreza multidimensional del norte de Brasil

This paper aims to present new perspectives for the understanding on multidimensional poverty in northern Brazil in the years 2006-2013, in order to assist the government in developing policies focused on fighting poverty and advancing the development process. The study used a methodology built by Bourguignon and Chakravarty (2003), which presents an alternative way of measuring the multidimensionality of poverty. The data was collected from the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) and the results of six dimensions analyzed revealed a reduction in the proportion of multidimensional poor of the northern population, from 30.71% in 2006 to 25.79% in 2013. As for isolated analysis of metropolitan regions in urban and rural areas, it was found that poverty was more intense in rural areas.This paper aims to present new perspectives for the understanding on multidimensional poverty in northern Brazil in the years 2006-13, in order to assist the government in developing policies focused on fighting poverty and advancing the development process. The study used a methodology built by Bourguignon and Chakravarty (2003), which presents an alternative way of measuring the multidimensionality of poverty. The data was collected from the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) and the results of six dimensions analyzed revealed a reduction in the proportion of multidimensional poor of the northern population, from 30.71% in 2006 to 25.79% in 2013. As for isolated analysis of metropolitan regions in urban and rural areas, it was found that poverty was more intense in rural areas.

Evidences on multidimensional poverty in the northern region of Brazil

This paper aims to present new perspectives for the understanding on multidimensional poverty in northern Brazil in the years 2006-2013, in order to assist the government in developing policies focused on fighting poverty and advancing the development process. The study used a methodology built by Bourguignon and Chakravarty (2003), which presents an alternative way of measuring the multidimensionality of poverty. The data was collected from the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) and the results of six dimensions analyzed revealed a reduction in the proportion of multidimensional poor of the northern population, from 30.71% in 2006 to 25.79% in 2013. As for isolated analysis of metropolitan regions in urban and rural areas, it was found that poverty was more intense in rural areas.This paper aims to present new perspectives for the understanding on multidimensional poverty in northern Brazil in the years 2006-13, in order to assist the government in developing policies focused on fighting poverty and advancing the development process. The study used a methodology built by Bourguignon and Chakravarty (2003), which presents an alternative way of measuring the multidimensionality of poverty. The data was collected from the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) and the results of six dimensions analyzed revealed a reduction in the proportion of multidimensional poor of the northern population, from 30.71% in 2006 to 25.79% in 2013. As for isolated analysis of metropolitan regions in urban and rural areas, it was found that poverty was more intense in rural areas.

Evidências sobre a pobreza multidimensional na região Norte do Brasil

This paper aims to present new perspectives for the understanding on multidimensional poverty in northern Brazil in the years 2006-2013, in order to assist the government in developing policies focused on fighting poverty and advancing the development process. The study used a methodology built by Bourguignon and Chakravarty (2003), which presents an alternative way of measuring the multidimensionality of poverty. The data was collected from the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) and the results of six dimensions analyzed revealed a reduction in the proportion of multidimensional poor of the northern population, from 30.71% in 2006 to 25.79% in 2013. As for isolated analysis of metropolitan regions in urban and rural areas, it was found that poverty was more intense in rural areas.This paper aims to present new perspectives for the understanding on multidimensional poverty in northern Brazil in the years 2006-13, in order to assist the government in developing policies focused on fighting poverty and advancing the development process. The study used a methodology built by Bourguignon and Chakravarty (2003), which presents an alternative way of measuring the multidimensionality of poverty. The data was collected from the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) and the results of six dimensions analyzed revealed a reduction in the proportion of multidimensional poor of the northern population, from 30.71% in 2006 to 25.79% in 2013. As for isolated analysis of metropolitan regions in urban and rural areas, it was found that poverty was more intense in rural areas.

Estratégia Safe Choice sob menor Incerteza e Alocação Ineficiente no Ensino Superior Brasileiro (Safe Choice Strategy under less Uncertainty and Inefficient Allocation in Brazilian Higher Education)

Portuguese Abstract: Este estudo analisa como um mecanismo mais flexivel e com menor incerteza informacional para ingresso no ensino superior repercute no processo de alocacao das vagas. A hipotese a ser testada, e que sem a exigencia de um custo minimo pela decisao e mais informacoes disponiveis (posicao relativa atualizada) com opcoes restritas, entre cursos e instituicoes, ter-se-ia um estimulo ainda maior para adocao da estrategia safe choice, que resultaria em uma ampliacao da evasao dos cursos. Para tanto, sao usadas informacoes longitudinais de cerca de 6.000 estudantes de uma instituicao federal de ensino superior do Brasil, que foram selecionados por meio de dois processos distintos, em conjunto com as abordagens Mahalanobis matching e propensity score matching. Os resultados indicam que o sistema de admissao mais flexivel e com menos incerteza, independentemente dos modelos de pareamento, aumenta a taxa de evasao em cerca de 20% apos dois anos da entrada. Essas evidencias sao ratificadas, inclusive quando se avalia por diferentes niveis de habilidades, cursos e areas. Com esse maior nivel de desistencia, existe uma maior pressao sobre os custos por diplomado com a oferta do ensino superior publico, passando de R

Atratividade Do Mercado De Trabalho E Eficiência Dos Cursos De Economia No Brasil (Attractiveness of the Labor Market and Efficiency of Economics Courses in Brazil)

70,8 mil para R

A POBREZA MULTIDIMENSIONAL NO ESTADO DA BAHIA DIMINUIU? EVIDÊNCIAS A PARTIR DA ABORDAGEM DE BOURGUIGNON E CHAKRAVARTY

86,5 mil ao ano.English Abstract: This study examines how a more flexible mechanism and less informational uncertainty for college admissions affects the allocation process of the courses. The assumed hypothesis is that without the requirement of a minimum cost by decision and more information (updated relative position) with constrained options, between courses and institutions, have would be an even greater incentive to adoption of safe choice strategy, resulting in an expansion of school dropout. Using longitudinal data about 6,000 students from a Brazilian federal university, selected through two distinct processes, and two technical approaches: Mahalanobis matching and propensity score matching. The results indicate that the more flexible college admissions system with less uncertainty, regardless of matching models, increase the school dropout by about 20% in two years after entry. This evidence is ratified, even when evaluating by different levels of skills, courses and areas. With this higher school dropout, there is greater pressure on the costs per graduate with the provision of public tertiary education from R

ATRATIVIDADE DO MERCADO DE TRABALHO E EFICIÊNCIA DOS CURSOS DE ECONOMIA NO BRASIL

70,800 to R

ESTRATÉGIA SAFE CHOICE SOB MENOR INCERTEZA E ALOCAÇÃO INEFICIENTE NO ENSINO SUPERIOR BRASILEIRO

86,500 per year.

A POBREZA NA REGIÃO NORTE DO BRASIL: Uma análise multidimensional e a sua importância para a administração pública

Portuguese Abstract: Este artigo tem por objetivo examinar a eficiencia tecnica dos cursos de Economia no Brasil, explorando o papel das condicoes do mercado de trabalho sobre a produtividade relativa dos Departamentos. Para tanto, faz-se o uso do metodo de Analise Envoltoria de Dados com fronteira sequencial (DEA-S) e 1.000 replicacoes bootstrap para estimar os escores de eficiencia tecnica de mais de 150 Departamentos de Economia (DE) entre 2009 e 2012. Em um segundo estagio, as estimativas de eficiencia corrigidas de vies sao condicionadas a indicadores de atratividade do mercado de trabalho para o economista em um modelo de efeito fixo. Os resultados mostram que o nivel de eficiencia dos DE teve uma reducao de 19,8% no periodo, impulsionado, especialmente, por uma recomposicao na oferta de cursos entre as instituicoes publicas e privadas. No que concerne a hipotese central do estudo, constatou-se uma associacao positiva entre valorizacao da profissao nas regioes dos cursos e eficiencia dos DE.English Abstract: This article aims to investigate the technical efficiency of Economic courses in Brazil taking account the role of labor market conditions on the relative productivity of the Departments. We use Data Envelopment Analysis with sequential frontier (DEA-S) and 1,000 bootstrap replications to estimate the technical efficiency scores of over 150 Departments of Economics (DE) between 2009 and 2012. In a second stage, the efficiency with bias corrected is conditioned to the labor market attractiveness indicators for the economist in a fixed effect model. The finds show that the efficiency level of Departments was reduced by 19.8% in the period, driven especially by a recomposition in the supply of the course between public and private institutions. Regarding the central hypothesis of the study, we observe a positive relationship between the enhancement of career in the regions of courses and the DE efficiency.