Andrea Hurtado Ayala

Transferencia tecnológica, capital humano y cooperación: factores determinantes de los resultados innovadores en la industria manufacturera en Colombia 2007-2008

Investment in technology and human capital, and co-operation networks, appear to play an important role in the development of the innovative process of a country ; proof of this are the different perspectives on innovation, including the theory of endogenous development. With the information from the IVSurvey for Technological Innovation and Development conducted in Colombia for the 2007-2008 period, The authors used a method of linear regression that allows defining causal relationships among the variables mentioned above. The results establish that variables like technology, the relations of cooperation, and investment in human capital determine the innovative results of the Colombian manufacturing industry, finding that these results are greater when they establish cooperative relations with other entities that support innovation and when investment in human capital formation takes place.

Barreras logísticas a la exportación de las pymes en Colombia

Spanish Abstract: En este articulo se analiza la influencia de las barreras logisticas a la exportacion en las pequenas y medianas empresas en Colombia. Por medio de una muestra de 401 pymes colombianas, se estima un modelo de redes neuronales que permite identificar la falta de los canales de distribucion en el exterior, la dificultad en el manejo de documentos y procedimientos foraneos, y la diferencia de estandares y/o especificaciones de productos en el extranjero, como principales barreras logisticas. Ademas se encuentra que las pymes presentan alta dependencia en el entorno logistico nacional y por esto, son mayores los obstaculos que enfrentan en el mercado internacional que deben superarse para lograr el exito en sus exportaciones.English Abstract: The influence of logistic barriers on exports in small and medium Colombian enterprises is analyzed in this paper. Using a sample of 401 Colombian SMEs, a neural network model that identifies the lack of distribution channels abroad, the difficulty in managing documents and procedures abroad, and the difference in standards and/or product specifications abroad, as main logistical barriers are estimated. Furthermore, it is found that SMEs have a high dependence on the national logistics environment, turning main obstacles to be faced in the international market. Such obstacles must be overcome to achieve success in exports.