Andréa Pereira Pinto

Consumo e Digestibilidade Aparente das Silagens de Milho (Zea mays L.), Sorgo (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) e Girassol (Helianthus annuus L.)

The experiment was carried out with the objective of determining the daily average intake (DAI) and apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of corn, sorghum and sunflower silages nutrients. The nitrogen balance was also evaluated. Nine castrated, male sheeps, kept in metabolism cages, in a 3 x 3 (three treatments and three periods), latin square design, were used. DAI of dry matter (DM), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and crude protein (CP) of corn silage of sunflower silage did not differ. DAI of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and ether extract (EE) were higher in corn and sunflower silages, respectively. ADC of DM and EE were higher in sunflower silage than in sorghum silage. ADC of NDF and CP were similar for all silages.

Comportamento ingestivo de ovinos recebendo dietas com diferentes níveis de bagaço de laranja em substituição à silagem de sorgo na ração

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of diets with different levels of fresh orange pulp in substitution to sorghum silage on eating behavior (feeding, rumination and idle)in sheep. Sixteen wethers, crossbred breeds averaging 28.27 kg BW (±2.41) were allotted to a randomized blocks design, with four treatments (0, 25, 50, and 75%), two blocks and two replicates per block. Animals were evaluated by observation during two consecutive days. In the first day, the average number of chewing per ruminal bolus and the average time spending in the chewing per ruminal bolus were evaluated during three periods (8 to 10 hours, 14 to 16 hours and 18 to 20 hours). In the second day, the behaviour was visually determined during 24 hours with five minutes intervals to determine the times spent in idle, feeding, rumination. There was not difference for the time spent with feeding in minutes day and in minutes/kg of DM and NDF. The time spent in rumination and idle in minutes day showed a quadratic effect in function of increased levels of fresh citrus pulp in the diets. The time spent in rumination, in minutes for kg MS, presented decreased linear effect and the time with rumination in minutes/kg NDF there was not difference. No differences on daily feeding number, total chewing time, number of rumination bolus, number of rumination chews per bolus and rumination chews time per bolus were observed. The number of rumination periods and number of rumination chews showed decreasing linear effect.

Nutritional characteristics and utilization of sugar cane in ruminants feeding

A busca por alternativas de volumosos na epoca da estacao seca, que sejam economicamente viaveis, tem levado muitos pecuaristas a utilizarem a cana-de-acucar na alimentacao de ruminantes. Esta revisao bibliografica foi realizada com o objetivo de discutir as caracteristicas nutricionais da cana-de-acucar e suas formas de utilizacao na alimentacao de ruminantes. Foram relatados os aspectos positivos e negativos como o potencial de producao, facilidade de cultivo e as limitacoes nutricionais. Abordaram-se informacoes como composicao quimica, utilizacao de subprodutos e possiveis tratamentos, tal como, o tratamento quimico que aumenta a sua digestibilidade e consumo, melhorando o desempenho dos animais. Os resultados de diferentes trabalhos de pesquisa sugerem varias formas de utilizacao da cana-de-acucar para a obtencao de resultados satisfatorios. Entretanto, considerando que este e um alimento pobre em proteinas e minerais ha necessidade de suplementacao destes componentes para suprir as exigencias nutricionais das diferentes categorias animais.

Cinética ruminal da fração fibrosa de volumosos para ruminantes

Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram a caracterizacao e a determinacao das estimativas dos parâmetros relativos a cinetica de degradacao ruminal da fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) dos fenos de mata pasto, juazeiro, mororo, aveia e Tifton 85 e silagens de milho, sorgo e palma forrageira. Foram determinados a composicao quimico-bromatologica, os coeficientes de degradacao e o efeito de replecao ruminal da FDN. As caracteristicas quimico-bromatologicas dos alimentos avaliados apresentaram variacoes em seus componentes nutricionais. A fracao insoluvel potencialmente degradavel da FDN, correspondente a fracao B2 dos alimentos estudados, apresentou degradacao variavel. Os fenos de mata pasto, juazeiro e mororo apresentaram menores valores para a fracao potencialmente degradavel. As silagens de milho e sorgo apresentaram uma pequena variacao para a fracao potencialmente degradavel e para a fracao indigestivel, assim como, para a taxa de degradacao da FDN potencialmente digestivel. O maior tempo de retencao total foi observado para mata pasto, juazeiro e mororo, seguidos pelas silagens, sendo constatados para os fenos de aveia e Tifton 85 os menores valores para esta variavel. As forrageiras de regioes semiaridas avaliadas (mata pasto, juazeiro e mororo) podem limitar o consumo de materia seca devido aos menores valores da fracao potencialmente degradavel e maiores valores da fracao indigestivel. O efeito de replecao ruminal da FDN e determinado pela integracao de varias caracteristicas da fibra. Dessa maneira, nao se pode atribuir a toda e qualquer fonte de fibra as mesmas inferencias restritivas a limitacao fisica de consumo.

Consumo médio e digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes do feno de aveia (Avena sativa L.) e ervilha (Pisum sativum L.) em ovinos submetidos a dois regimes alimentares

This experiment was carried out with the objectives of determining the daily average intake (DAI), apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of oat hay and pea nutrients and to evaluate the nitrogen balance in sheep. Ten wethers with average weight of 36.64 kg, alloted to suitable cages, were used. A completely randomized design with two treatments (T1= 80% oat hay + 20% pea and T2= 60% oat hay + 40% pea) and five replicates, was used. The treatments were evaluated under two feeding systems (voluntary and restrict). Daily average intake of dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) did not differ between treatments.Daily average intake of acid detergent fiber (ADF) and crude fiber (CF) were higher for treatment one. Animals submmitted to voluntary intake, showed higher nutrients average intake than the ones fed diet with 60% oat hay + 40% pea. There was no significant difference between both feeding systems to ADC of DM, nitrogen free extract (NFE) and crude protein (CP). However, ADC of organic matter (OM), ADF, NDF and CF were higher in restrict intake. There was higher ADC of DM, NFE, OM and CP in treatment two and there was no differences between treatments to ADC and NDF and CF.