Anielson dos Santos Souza

Desempenho fisiológicos e crescimento do feijão-caupi, sob manejos de plantas daninhas

A interferencia das plantas daninhas, afeta os parâmetros de fisiologicos da cultura do feijao-caupi, com reflexo direto no crescimento e na produtividade. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a atuacao de metodos de controle das plantas daninhas na cultura do feijao-caupi, identificando o mais eficiente, por meio do acompanhamento dos componentes de crescimento, sendo estes compostos de altura (cm), numero de folhas, diâmetro do caule (mm) e os aspectos fisiologicos da cultura, pela coleta de dados da taxa de assimilacao de CO 2 (μmol m -2 s -1 ), transpiracao (mmol de H 2 O m -2 s -1 ), condutância estomatica (mol de H 2 O m -2 s -1 ) e concentracao interna de CO 2 , com um analisador de gas infravermelho . O experimento foi realizado em condicoes de campo no Centro de Ciencias e Tecnologia Agroalimentar da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campus Pombal, Paraiba. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso com oito tratamentos e quatro repeticoes em esquema fatorial 2 x 4, sendo os fatores: dois cultivares de feijao-caupi (BRS Marataoa e BRS Rouxinol) e quatro manejos das plantas daninhas (mecânico, quimico, fisico e sem controle). Os manejos quimico, mecânico e fisico, mostram-se superiores nos componentes de crescimento, nao afetando tais caracteristicas, sendo as trocas gasosas severamente afetadas. Physiological performance and growth of cowpea under weed management Abstract : The interference of weeds affects the physiological parameters of cowpea culture, with direct reflection on growth and productivity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of different weed control methods in cowpea culture in order to identify the most efficient by monitoring the growth components, being these compounds of height (cm), number of leaves and diameter of the stem (mm) and the physiological aspects of the culture, by collecting data: CO2 assimilation rate (μmol m-2 s-1), transpiration (mmol H 2 O m -2 s -1 ), Stomatal conductance (mol of H 2 O m -2 s -1 ) and internal CO 2 concentration, with an infrared gas analyzer. The experiment was accomplished under field conditions at the Center for Agro-Food Science and Technology of the Federal University of Campina Grande, Campus Pombal, Paraiba . The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with eight treatments and four replications in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme, being these factors: two cultivars of cowpea (BRS Marataoa and BRS Rouxinol) and four weed management (mechanical, chemical , Physical and uncontrolled). Chemical, mechanical and physical management are shown to be superior in the growth components, not affecting these characteristics, being the gas exchanges severely affected.

Aspectos fisiológicos do feijão-caupi e crescimento de tiririca (Cyperus rotundus L.) sob competição em solo compactado

Varios fatores estao envolvidos na interferencia das plantas daninhas sobre as culturas e os aspectos fisiologicos ainda sao pouco estudados. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a interferencia de diferentes populacoes de Cyperus rotundus L. e da compactacao do solo nos caracteres fisiologicos do feijao-caupi [ Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] e na fenologia de C. rotundus . O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetacao no Centro de Ciencias e Tecnologia Agroalimentar da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, CCTA/UFCG, Campus de Pombal-PB. As unidades experimentais foram compostas por vasos com capacidade de 6 litros. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com tratamentos distribuidos em esquema fatorial 3 x 2, sendo os fatores tres populacoes de C. rotundus (0, 2 e 3 tuberculos por vaso) e dois niveis de compactacao (solo sem compactacao e solo com subsuperficie compactada artificialmente), com quatro repeticoes. Foram coletados os dados de: taxa de assimilacao de CO 2 (µmol m -2 s -1 ), transpiracao (mmol de H 2 O m -2 s -1 ), condutância estomatica (mol de H 2 O m -2 s -1 ) e concentracao interna de CO 2 , com um analisador de gas infravermelho – IRGA LCpro (Infra-red Gas Analyzer ) . Com relacao a Cyperaceae , foram coletados os seguintes dados: producao de fitomassa fresca e seca e relacao raiz/parte aerea, numero de tuberculos por vaso, producao diaria de tuberculos e producao de tuberculos por unidade plantada; os quais foram submetidos a analise da variância e teste de medias, quando necessario. A presenca de C. rotundus, reduziu a fotossintese liquida do feijao-caupi de forma mais intensa do que a compactacao do solo. C. rotundus expressou notavel capacidade de reproducao vegetativa. Physiological Characters of Cowpea and Growth of nut grass ( Cyperus rotundus L.) under competition in the soil compressive Abstract - Several factors are involved in weed interference on crops and physiological aspects are still studied. Thus, it aimed to evaluate the effect of different populations of Cyperus rotundus L. and soil compaction in the physiological characters of cowpea [ Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] and the phenology of C. rotundus. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in the Science and Technology Center Agrifood the Federal University of Campina Grande, CCTA/UFCG, Campus de Pombal-PB, Brazil. The experimental were composed of pots with 6 liters capacity. We used a completely randomized design experimental with treatments distributed in a factorial 3 x 2, with factors three populations of C. rotundus (0, 2 and 3 tubers per pot) and two compression levels (soil without compaction and soil compacted subsurface artificially) with four replications. Were collected data from CO 2 assimilation rate (µmol m -2 s -1 ), transpiration (mmol H 2 O m -2 s -1 ), stomatal conductance (mol H 2 O m -2 s -1 ) and internal concentration CO 2 , with an infrared gas analyzer - IRGA LCpro. In the Cyperaceae, were collected the following data: fresh and dry biomass production and ratio root/shoot, number of tubers per pot, daily production of tubers and tuber yield per planted unit; which were submitted to analysis of variance and mean test when necessary. The presence of C. rotundus , reduced the net photosynthesis of cowpea more intensely than soil compaction. C. rotundus expressed remarkable capacity for vegetative reproduction

Desempenho de cultivares de mamona no Semiárido paraibano: componentes de crescimento e teor de óleo

A cultura da mamona vem despontando como uma das principais materias-primas, para producao de oleo, especialmente no Nordeste, todavia muitos fatores tem dificultado o estabelecimento dessa lavoura em novas areas dentre os quais destacam-se a falta de cultivares adaptadas a cada regiao de cultivo. O presente estudo foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de identificar cultivares de mamona com adaptacao ao sertao paraibano. O trabalho foi conduzido no Sitio Monte Alegre zona rural do municipio de Pombal - PB, o delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso com sete tratamentos compostos pelos cultivares BRS Nordestina; BRS Paraguacu; BRS Energia; AL Guarany-2002; IAC 2028; IAC Guarany e IAC 80, com quatro repeticoes, foram avaliadas as caracteristicas de crescimento e teor de oleo nas sementes. Dos resultados registrou-se maior valor de comprimento do racemo as cultivares IAC 80 e IAC 2028, considerando as medias dos racemos ate a 3a ordem, para as caracteristicas de massa e numero de frutos por racemos foi constatado que a IAC 80 superou estatisticamente as demais cultivares, o maior teor de oleo nas sementes foi observado na cultivar BRS Energia que tambem conferiu maior rendimento de oleo entre as sete cultivares. Apesar disso, acredita-se que novos estudos devem ser realizados em diferentes epocas e formas de manejo para se identificar com maior precisao qual cultivar melhor se adapta a regiao. Performance cultivars castor bean cultivars in Semiarid Paraiba: components of growth and oil content Abstract : Currently the culture of castor has emerged as a of the main raw material for the production of oil, especially in the Northeast, however many factors has hampered the establishment of this tilth in new areas among which is the lack of cultivars adapted to each region of cultivation. This study was developed with the objective of identify castor’s cultivars with adaptation to the Paraiba Sertao. The study was conducted on Sitio Monte Alegre countryside of municipality of Pombal - PB, the experimental design was the of random blocks with seven treatments composed by BRS Northeastern; Paraguacu BRS; BRS Energy; Guarany AL-2002, IAC 2028, IAC Guarany and IAC 80, with four replications were evaluated characteristics of growth, production, yield and oil content in the seeds. From the results was registrated a higher From the results recorded was greater value of the length of cluster IAC 80 and IAC cultivars in 2028, considering the averages of racemes up to the third order, the characteristics of mass and number of fruits per raceme was found that 80 IAC statistically outperformed the other cultivars, the higher oil content in seeds was observed in BRS Energy also gave higher oil yield among the seven cultivars. Nevertheless, we believe that further studies should be performedat different times and forms of management to identify with greater precision farming which best fits the region.