Ankilma do Nascimento Andrade

Bisphosphonates adherence for treatment of osteoporosis

Background Osteoporosis is a disease of bone metabolism in which bisphosphonates (BPS) are the most common medications used in its treatment, whose main objective is to reduce the risk of fractures. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review on BPs adherence for treatment of osteoporosis. Methods Systematic review of articles on BPs adherence for treatment of osteoporosis, indexed on MEDLINE (via PubMed) databases, from inception of databases until January 2013. Search terms were “Adherence, Medication” (MeSH term), “Bisphosphonates” (MeSH term), and “Osteoporosis” (MeSH term). Results Of the 78 identified studies, 27 met the eligibility criteria. Identified studies covered a wide range of aspects regarding adherence and associated factors, adherence and fracture, adherence and BPs dosage. The studies are mostly observational, conducted with women over 45 years old, showing low rates of adherence to treatment. Several factors may influence adherence: socio-economic and cultural, participation of physicians when guidance is given to the patient, the use of bone turnover markers, and use of generic drugs. The monthly dosage is associated with greater adherence compared to weekly dosage. Conclusions Considering the methodological differences between the studies, the results converge to show that adherence to treatment of osteoporosis with BPs is still inadequate. Further experimental studies are needed to evaluate the adherence and suggest new treatment options.

Recommendations and effectiveness of chemoprophylaxis of latent infection by mycobacterium tuberculosis

Objective: identifying the recommendation and the effectiveness of the treatment of Latent Infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (LTBI) according to national and international studies. Method: a descriptive, exploratory study of a quantitative approach with predetermined stages, with searches in LILACS, MEDLINE and IBECS. Results: chemoprophylaxis is recommended in Brazil and other countries; however, in some countries, its achievement is not limited to the restricted use of isoniazid, as in Brazil, but isolated rifampin, or associating them with and in shorter treatment duration, usually three months. Conclusion: given so many favorable results to the use of anti-tuberculosis chemoprophylaxis does not justify the non-implementation of this therapy from the part of professionals tuberculosis service workers in Brazil, considering that there has been little reporting or record about this therapy in Brazilian Health Units. Descriptors: Primary Health Care; Chemoprophylaxis; Latent Tuberculosis. RESUMO Objetivo: identificar a recomendação e a efetividade do tratamento da Infecção Latente pelo Mycobacterium tuberculosis (ILTB) conforme estudos nacionais e internacionais. Método: estudo descritivo, exploratório com abordagem quantitativa, com etapas pré-determinadas, com buscas na LILACS, MEDLINE e IBECS. Resultados: a quimioprofilaxia é recomendada no Brasil e em outros países, contudo, em alguns países, sua realização não se limita ao uso restrito da isoniazida, como no Brasil, mas sim da rifampicina isolada, ou associando-as, e em menor tempo de duração de tratamento, geralmente três meses. Conclusão: diante de tantos resultados favoráveis ao uso da quimioprofilaxia antituberculose, não se justifica a não implementação desta terapêutica por parte dos profissionais trabalhadores de serviços de tuberculose no Brasil, tendo em vista que pouco se tem de relato ou de registro acerca desta terapêutica nas Unidades de Saúde brasileiras. Descritores: Atenção Primária à Saúde; Quimioprofilaxia; Tuberculose Latente. RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar la recomendación y la eficacia del tratamiento de la Infección Latente por el Mycobacterium tuberculosis (ITL) como estudios nacionales e internacionales. Método: este es un estudio descriptivo, exploratorio con enfoque cuantitativo con medidas predeterminadas, con búsquedas en LILACS, MEDLINE y IBECS. Resultados: la quimioprofilaxis se recomienda en Brasil y otros países, sin embargo, en algunos países, su logro no se limita al uso restringido de la isoniazida, como en Brasil, pero aislada rifampicina, o asociarse con, y más corto la duración del tratamiento, por lo general tres meses. Conclusión: en frente de tantos resultados favorables al uso de la quimioprofilaxis contra la tuberculosis no se justifica la no aplicación de esta terapia de la parte de los profesionales trabajadores de los servicios de la tuberculosis en Brasil, teniendo en cuenta que ha habido pocos informes o registro acerca de esta terapia en las Unidades de Salud de Brasil. Descriptores: Atención Primaria de Salud; Quimioprofilaxis; Tuberculosis Latente. Nurse, Master’s Student, Postgraduate Public Health Program/ PPGSP, State University of Paraíba/UEPB. Campina Grande (PB), Brazil. Email: rayrlacz@hotmail.com; Nurse, Master’s Student, Postgraduate Public Health Program/PPGSP, State University of Paraíba/UEPB. Campina Grande (PB), Brazil. Email: fernandarliane@hotmail.com; Degree in Sciences, Doctoral Student, Postgraduate Health Sciences Program/PPGCS, Medical School of the ACB/FMABC. São Paulo (SP), Brazil. Email: sheyllabatista@bol.com.br; Nurse, Master Teacher, Nursing Program, College Santa Maria/ FSM, Doctoral Student, Postgraduate Health Sciences Program/PPGCS, Medical School ACB/FMABC. São Paulo (SP), Brazil. Email: ankilmar@hotmail.com; Nurse, Master Teacher, Nursing Program, College Santa Maria/FSM, Doctoral Student, Postgraduate Health Promotion Program/PPGPS, University of Franca/UNIFRAN. Franca (SP), Brazil. Email: minualsa@hotmail.com; Nurse, Professor Post-Doc, State University of Paraíba/UEPB. Campina Grande (PB), Email: taniaribeiro_2@hotmail.com ORIGINAL ARTICLE Temoteo RCA de, Luna FDT de, Lacerda SNB et al. Recommendations and effectiveness of chemoprophylaxis...

Incidence of Violence Among the Elderly in a Family Health Center

Introduction: Violence is not considered a stigma of contemporary society, as it accompanies the man since ancient times and manifests itself in different ways and circumstances in each period. It is a socio-historical phenomenon that accompanies the whole mankind experience, although this has never been accepted as something intrinsic to the human condition. Objective : Verify the incidence of violence among the elderly in Brazil. Methods : Exploratory and descriptive field research, with a quantitative approach, conducted in a Family Health Center in Cajazeiras, Paraiba, Brazil. Data was collected in March and April 2014, using an instrument validated by the multicenter study Health, Well-Being, and Aging (SABE). This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Research from University Santa Maria (FSM), under the Certificate of Submission for Ethical Appraisal (CAAE) n. 24982213.7.0000.5180. Results : the sample presented a mean age of 73.68 years old, with a predominance of women (69.9%). We analyzed demographic data relative to age, gender, marital status, educational level, income, and hostility. The data on the prevalence of violence among the elderly indicate that the most frequent cases of mistreatment were those involving psychological or verbal violence (23.0%), followed by financial violence (10.6%), and physical violence (4.4%). Conclusion : It was found that any elderly individual may be victim of violence, especially when taking into account that this population group has been neglected both by the State and civil society. Descriptors : aging; Family Health Strategy; violence against the elderly.