Anna Celebanska

Self-powered biosensor for ascorbic acid with a Prussian blue electrochromic display

We report on the development of a nanocarbon based anode for sensing of ascorbic acid (AA). The oxidation of AA on this anode occurs at a quite low overpotential which enables the anode to be connected to a biocathode to form an ascorbic acid/O2 biofuel cell that functions as a self-powered biosensor. In conjunction with a Prussian blue electrochromic display the anode can also work as a truly self-powered sensor. The oxidation of ascorbic acid at the anode leads to a reduction of the Prussian blue in the display. The reduced form of Prussian blue, called Prussian white, is transparent. The rate of change from blue to colourless is dependent on the concentration of ascorbic acid. The display can easily be regenerated by connecting it to the biocathode which returns the Prussian blue to its oxidized form. In this way we have created the first self-powered electrochromic sensor that gives quantitative information about the analyte concentration. This is demonstrated by measuring the concentration of ascorbic acid in orange juice. The reported quantitative read-out electrochromic display can serve as a template for the creation of cheap, miniturizable sensors for other relevant analytes.

Film electrode prepared from oppositely charged silicate submicroparticles and carbon nanoparticles for selective dopamine sensing

Film electrodes prepared from oppositely charged silicate submicroparticles and carbon nanoparticles was applied for selective dopamine sensing. Mesoporous silicate submicroparticles with tetraalkylammonium functionalities were prepared by sol-gel method. They were immobilised on an indium tin oxide film surface together with phenylsulphonated carbon nanoparticles by layer-by-layer method: alternative immersion into their suspensions. As it is shown by scanning electron microscopy the obtained film is composed of silicate submicroparticles covered by carbon nanoparticles. The nanoparticulate film is stable and its electroactive surface is significantly larger than substrate. Accumulation of redox active cations indicates that only fraction charged functionalities of carbon nanoparticles are employed in film formation. The obtained electrode exhibits catalytic properties towards dopamine oxidation and its interferences as ascorbic acid, uric acid and acetaminophen. This allows for selective determination of tenth micromolar concentration of dopamine in the presence of these interferences at milimolar level. The detection limit and linear range were determined to 0.1 × 10⁻⁶ mol dm⁻³ and 0.3-18 × 10⁻⁶ mol dm⁻³ respectively.