Anne Priscila Dias Gonzaga

Floristic and structural diagnosis of the tree component of a forest at Serra de São José, Tiradentes, Minas Gerais State, Southeast Brazil

ABSTRACT – (Floristic and structural diagnosis of the tree component of a forest at Serra de Sao Jose, Tiradentes, Minas Gerais State,Southeast Brazil). This work describes species composition and structure of the tree component of an area of lower to upper montaneseasonal semideciduous forest located at Serra de Sao Jose, Tiradentes, SE Brazil. Floristic and structural comparisons are mad e with 23other forest areas of the region using canonical correspondence analysis differentiating environmental and spatial variables. T he floristicanalyses indicated that, despite the transitional character between lower and upper montane forests, the tree flora of Serra de Sao Joseshowed stronger link than the former. Floristic and structural variation among the 24 forests was significantly related to alti tude, durationof the dry season and soil saturation of bases. Furthermore, a significant correlation was also found with spatial proximity of the areas. Key words : altitude, multivariate analysis, climate, Geostatistics, Semideciduous forest, soils

Flutuações temporais nos padrões de distribuição diamétrica da comunidade arbóreo-arbustivo e de 15 populações em um fragmento florestal

Aiming to characterize possible fluctuations in the patterns of diametric distribution, the community and the populations of the 15 most abundant tree species in a fragment of semideciduous forest were analyzed in a five year interval (2000-2005). The diametric distribution of the community showed a high concentration in the smaller classes and accentuated reduction in the biggest classes (reverse-J-shape), for both surveys. The populations presented different patterns, randomly distributed in two groups. Group1, formed by species of smaller diameters and abundant in the sub-canopy, such as Galipea jasminiflora, Allophylus edulis, Sebastiania commersoniana, Dendropanax cuneatus and Mollinedia widgrenii, and also by pioneer species of high trees, Acacia polyphylla and Piptadenia gonoacantha followed the reverse-J-shape curve diametric distributions . All species of Group2 (Platycyamus regnellii, Cupania vernalis, Machaerium stipitatum, Machaerium villosum,

Similaridade florística entre estratos da vegetação em quatro Florestas Estacionais Deciduais na bacia do Rio São Francisco

Resumo Este estudo descreveu e comparou a similaridade floristica de tres estratos de quatro fragmentos de Floresta Estacional Decidual. Os fragmentos estudados estao distribuidos na Bacia do Sao Francisco, tres em Minas Gerais e um na Bahia. A amostragem da vegetacao seguiu o protocolo da Rede de Parcelas Permanentes nos biomas Cerrado e Pantanal para os estratos arboreo, de arvoretas e juvenil. Foram contabilizadas a riqueza de especies e familias em cada area e estrato. A similaridade entre os estratos de cada area foi obtida por diagramas de Venn e indices de Jaccard e Czekanowski, ja para a analise da similaridade entre os fragmentos, em cada estrato, foram calculados apenas os dois indices. Os quatro fragmentos e os tres estratos apresentaram baixa relacao floristica, ou seja, baixo compartilhamento de especies. As diferencas entre os estratos podem ser reflexo de variacoes ambientais ao longo do tempo, assim como da capacidade de reproducao das especies dos estratos superiores. Ja as diferencas entre as areas devem-se a distribuicao geografica, que gera variacoes ambientais, as quais podem estar favorecendo a ocorrencia de especies adaptadas as condicoes de cada fragmento, contribuindo para uma composicao floristica diferenciada. Alem disso, os contatos vegetacionais (ecotonos) provavelmente tambem contribuiram para as diferencas floristicas observadas. Floristic similarity between strata of vegetation in four Deciduous Seasonal Forest in Sao Francisco River Abstract This study described and compared the floristic similarity in four Deciduous Seasonal Forest fragments, and assessed the floristic relations between the tree (adult), the treelet and the sapling stratum. The fragments studied are distributed in Minas Gerais State and in Bahia State, Brazil. The vegetation sampling method followed the protocol of the “Rede de Parcelas Permanentes nos biomas Cerrado e Pantanal” for the tree, treelet and sapling strata. The floristic similarity between the fragments was obtained based on Jaccard and Czekanowski indices. Besides the similarity indices, Venn diagrams were drawn for the strata within each area. The four fragments and the three strata of each fragment presented low degrees of species sharing. The floristic differences among the strata may be due to environmental variations throughout time as well as the reproductive capacity of the species differentiated among the years. Besides the geographic distance (neutral theory), the environmental variations between the areas and the vegetation contacts (ecotones) with other biomes may have favored the occurrence of species adapted to the conditions of each fragment, which contributed to the distinct floristic composition.

SOBREVIVÊNCIA E CRESCIMENTO DE SETE ESPÉCIES ARBÓREAS NATIVAS EM UMA ÁREA DEGRADADA DE FLORESTA ESTACIONAL DECIDUAL, NORTE DE MINAS GERAIS

This study aimed to evaluate the growth and survival of seven native tree species in different treatments in a degraded area at COPASA Reserve (Juramento, MG). Approximately 1.2 ha area was used, where 899 seedlings were planted of seven native species (Anadenanthera colubrina, Copaifera langsdorffii, Dilodendron bipinatum, Miracrodruon urundeuva, Pterogyne nitens, Schinopsis brasiliensis and Senegalia polyphylla) followed for 24 months. The area was divided into five plots of 0.24 ha, which represented the following treatments: (T1) plot sown with grass (Brachiaria sp.); (T2) plot where the pits were treated with soil conditioner; (T3) plot sown with grass and legumes (Cajanus cajan) together; (T4) plot sown with legumes; and (T5) control. The mortality percentage was higher in T2 and lower in T3, and the species C. langsdorffii (43.66%) and S. brasiliensis (11.64%) were the ones with higher and lower mortality rate, respectively. The growth (height and diameter) of seedlings was higher in T2 (24.32 ± 26.05 cm and 0.51 ± 0.37 mm; respectively) and lowest in T1 (10,82 ± 22,57 cm and 0,26 ± 0,27 mm; respectively). The species with the largest growth in height were A. colubrina and S. polyphylla, and D. bipinatum and S. brasiliensis showed the highest growth in diameter. Pterogyne nitens showed the lowest growth, and highest mortality, presenting low ability to establish in degraded environments.

Structural analysis of a fragmented area in Minas Gerais State, Brazil

The theory of landscape ecology applied to the methods of spatial analysis helps to understand changes in the structure of forest remnants. In view of this theory, the objective of the present study was to analyze the structure of a fragmented area between the years 1979 and 2015 through calculation of landscape metrics for arboreal, shrubby and herbaceous vegetation classes. Vegetation classes were classified with visits to the field, interpretation of aerial photographs from 1979 and supervised classification of Landsat 8 from 2015. The metrics calculated for each class were area and total number of fragments, total edge and average connectivity among the fragments. The analysis of structure found that it changed negatively due to an increase in the number of small fragments, which increased the intensity of edge effects and reduced connectivity between fragments for all classes.

VEGETACAO ARBUSTIVO-ARBOREA EM AREA DEGRADADA PELA EXTRACAO DE OURO NO PARQUE ESTADUAL DO BIRIBIRI, DIAMANTINA-MG

The aim of this study was to get to know the composition and structure of the vegetation in a gold mining area in Diamantina, Mg. In that mining area, three environments were selected: environment 1 (A1); environment 2 (A2) e environment 3 (A3). In the environments ten parcels of 100m2 were plotted, and in all of them all the arboreal individuals with CAS ≥ to 10cm were recorded and identified. The classical phyto-social parameters, indices of diversity and equability and classifications of the species in relation to the guilds of habit, ecological groups and dispersion were calculated. In total 76

Spatial and Height Distribution of Harvested Rupestrian Field Species in Preserved and Cultivated Communities

This study aimed to compare the spatial and the height distribution of three plant species between two rupestrian field communities, one preserved (A) and the other cultivated (B). One 50 × 100 m plot was delimited in each community and the populations of Eremanthus incanus, Lychnophora pinaster and Vellozia caruncularis were assessed for height and spatial distribution (using the Ripleys’s L-function). In community A, 4,098 individuals were counted, mostly L. pinaster, against 220 individuals in community B, prevailing E. incanus. An inverted-J pattern was observed for height distribution in both communities, however, with lower frequencies in B. Regular spatial distribution was found for E. incanus and V. caruncularis in community A, whereas the pattern for L. pinaster depended on the scale of analysis. The spatial distribution of all species differed between communities. The Ecological Park Quedas do Rio Bonito contributes to the conservation of these rupestrian field species.

Viability of using topsoil ferruginous yoke in the restoration of a waste dump

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the application of topsoil from a ferruginous rock field on natural regeneration and ground cover in a waste dump. To accomplish this aim, 26 plots of 1 m2 and one control were installed systematically. Soil cover was estimated according to the percentage of live coverage, litter and bare soil observed in each plot. A total of 675 individuals, with 201 recorded in the first sampling and 474 in the second, were recorded. In total, 24 species and 11 families were identified, and a group of six was indeterminate, where four species were found in the first sampling and two species in the second sampling. Families with superior wealth in relation to the total were Asteraceae (26.92 %) and Melastomataceae (15.38 %); however, the families that had a higher number of individuals in the sample were Poaceae and Verbenaceae, with 33.33 % and 28.85 %, respectively. Those in the second sampling were Poaceae, Portulacaceae and Verbenaceae, with 93.03 %, 68.16 % and 35.82 %, respectively. Among the habits found, herbaceous was highlighted, with 65.63 % of the sampled individuals, followed by 6.22 % for shrubs, 5.48 % for subshrubs and 1.18 % for trees. The sterile substrate stack does not have to establish favorable conditions for vegetation because the control portion (not topsoil) filled in the two samples with 100 % bare soil.