Annie Guerin

The Economic Burden of Schizophrenia in the United States in 2013.

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to estimate the US societal economic burden of schizophrenia and update the 2002 reported costs of

Impact of nonadherence to antiepileptic drugs on health care utilization and costs: Findings from the RANSOM study

62.7 billion given the disease management and health care structural changes of the last decade. METHODS A prevalence-based approach was used to assess direct health care costs, direct non-health care costs, and indirect costs associated with schizophrenia (ICD-9 codes 295.xx) for 2013, with cost adjustments where necessary. Direct health care costs were estimated using a retrospective matched cohort design using the Truven Health Analytics MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters, Medicare Supplemental, and Medicaid Multistate databases. Direct non-health care costs were estimated for law enforcement, homeless shelters, and research and training. Indirect costs were estimated for productivity loss from unemployment, reduced work productivity among the employed, premature mortality (ie, suicide), and caregiving. RESULTS The economic burden of schizophrenia was estimated at

Risks of developing psychiatric disorders in pediatric patients with psoriasis

155.7 billion (

Economic burden of comorbidities in patients with psoriasis is substantial.

134.4 billion-

Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke Risk in Patients with Psoriasis: Retrospective Analysis

174.3 billion based on sensitivity analyses) for 2013 and included excess direct health care costs of

Increased Risks of Developing Anxiety and Depression in Young Patients With Crohn's Disease

37.7 billion (24%), direct non-health care costs of

Therapy persistence and adherence in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: multiple versus single long-acting maintenance inhalers.

9.3 billion (6%), and indirect costs of

Retrospective real-world comparison of medical visits, costs, and adherence between nilotinib and dasatinib in chronic myeloid leukemia

117.3 billion (76%) compared to individuals without schizophrenia. The largest components were excess costs associated with unemployment (38%), productivity loss due to caregiving (34%), and direct health care costs (24%). CONCLUSIONS Schizophrenia is associated with a significant economic burden where, in addition to direct health care costs, indirect and non-health care costs are strong contributors, suggesting that therapies should aim at improving not only symptom control but also cognition and functional performance, which are associated with substantial non-health care and indirect costs.

Comorbidity burden, healthcare resource utilization, and costs in chronic gout patients refractory to conventional urate-lowering therapy.

Purpose:  To study the impact of nonadherence to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) on health care utilization and direct medical costs in a Medicaid population.

Clinical and economic impact of vagus nerve stimulation therapy in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy☆

BACKGROUND Symptoms of psoriasis can be embarrassing and distressing, and may increase risk of developing psychiatric disorders in young people. OBJECTIVE We sought to compare incidences of psychiatric disorders between pediatric patients with psoriasis and psoriasis-free control subjects. METHODS Patients (<18 years) with continuous health plan enrollment 6 months before and after first psoriasis diagnosis (index date) were selected (Thomson Reuters MarketScan database, 2000-2006 [Thomson Reuters, New York, NY]). Patients with psoriasis (N = 7404) were matched 1:5 on age and sex to psoriasis-free control subjects (N = 37,020). Patients were followed from index date to first diagnosis of a psychiatric disorder (ie, alcohol/drug abuse, depression, anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, suicidal ideation, eating disorder), end of data availability, or disenrollment. Patients with psychiatric diagnoses or psychotropic medication use before the index date were excluded. Cox proportional hazard models controlling for age, sex, and comorbidities were used to estimate the effect of psoriasis on risks of developing psychiatric disorders. RESULTS Patients with psoriasis were significantly more at risk of developing psychiatric disorders versus control subjects (5.13% vs 4.07%; P = .0001; hazard ratio = 1.25; P = .0001), especially depression (3.01% vs 2.42%; P = .0036; hazard ratio = 1.25; P = .0053) and anxiety (1.81% vs 1.35%; P = .0048; hazard ratio = 1.32; P = .0045). LIMITATIONS Retrospective, observational studies of medical claims data are typically limited by overall quality and completeness of data and accuracy of coding for diagnoses and procedures. CONCLUSIONS Pediatric patients with psoriasis had an increased risk of developing psychiatric disorders, including depression and anxiety, compared with psoriasis-free control subjects.