Anrong Dang

Beijing urban development model: Urban growth analysis and simulation

Abstract Urban growth analysis and simulation have been recently conducted by cellular automata (CA) models based on self-organizing theory which differs from system dynamics models. This paper describes the Beijing urban development model (BUDEM) which adopts the CA approach to support urban planning and policy evaluation. BUDEM, as a spatio-temporal dynamic model for simulating urban growth in the Beijing metropolitan area, is based on the urban growth theory and integrates logistic regression and MonoLoop to obtain the weights for the transition rule with multi-criteria evaluation configuration. Local sensitivity analysis for all the parameters of BUDEM is also carried out to assess the models performances. The model is used to identify urban growth mechanisms in the various historical phases since 1986, to retrieve urban growth policies needed to implement the desired (planned) urban form in 2020, and to simulate urban growth scenarios until 2049 based on the urban form and parameter set in 2020. The model has been proved to be capable of analyzing historical urban growth mechanisms and predicting future urban growth for metropolitan areas in China.

Study on sharing digital urban planning information based on WebGIS

Aimed at the background of development of digital urban planning, the paper analyzed the demand of sharing digital urban planning information. It was pointed out that sharing digital urban panning information is the necessity of information society development. The technical characteristics and application models of WebGIS were analyzed according to the trends of information technology development. The system structure and function components of the application system for sharing digital urban planning information were discussed and designed based on WebGIS environment. Taking information sharing for general urban planning of Beijing as an example, the WebGIS application system for sharing digital urban planning information was studied and developed. Two results were summarized in the end of the paper.

Case study on soil erosion supported by GIS and RS

Soil erosion is a serious problem all over the world, especially in China. As the capital of China, soil erosion in Beijing has been concerned a lot by both government and scholars. Located in northwest Beijing, Miyun county is an important region because it includes the Miyun reservoir which is the water source for all of Beijing citizens. Based on the theory and model about soil erosion, the technique method and current situation of soil erosion in Miyun county is studied in this paper supported by GIS and RS. The conclusion is that the existing situation of soil erosion in Miyun county is well due to recent years planting, monitoring, and managing by both central and local government.

Application of network Huff model for commercial network planning at suburban – Taking Wujin district, Changzhou as a case

Three issues of applying Huff Model to predict the service area and potential customer pool in Wujin districts commercial networks are analysed and addressed: (1) the distance variable D in Huff Model can either be defined by customers Euclidean distance, network distance or network time to the commercial circles, and the three approaches have generated very different results in Wujins case. The differences could be attributed to a traffic infrastructure in the district; (2) the distance decay parameter λ requires either regression or empirical data to estimate. In this paper, several empirical parameters are examined, and it is further proposed that this parameter can be adapted to a fluctuating parameter if the re-modification of Huff model is adopted; and (3) traditional Huff Model was appeared to be over restrictive in Wujins application because it could only be applied to commercial circles of same scales, and in this paper, a possible re-modification method of predicting the service area and potential customer pool for the different scale commercial circles (Wujin and Changzhous business circles) are tested. Additionally, a zoning geometry method to analyse the re-modified models’ validation is illustrated.

GIS based study on the potential grain productivity of China

On the basis of previous research results about potential agricultural productivity, the potential grain productivity of China is studied supported by GIS and national agricultural databases which include spatial database and attribute database. At first, the basic theory of potential grain productivity and the method of GIS based study on the potential grain productivity is discussed. Then, after the stressed research on soil effective coefficient, social effective coefficient, the authors put forward some new computing models and calculated Chinas national potential grain productivity by county unit. Finally, the predominance of exploiting potential grain productivity regions of China is determined through comparing the calculated theoretical results with current grain productivity.

Research on evaluation of location planning for urban public service facilities based on GIS spatial analysis

Following the extensive urbanization, more and more people swarm into cities. Demands for urban infrastructure and land use, therefore, will change rapidly and drastically, and most urban planning should be regulated or remade. Under the new situation, location of public service facility should be paid more attention to, while the general software platform could not assist it well. Therefore, a new kind of traffic network system is proposed, which is composed of both vehicle traffic model and pedestrian traffic model, and corresponding algorithms are built or rebuilt. Moreover, the evaluation indices are proposed to evaluate different location planning scheme. Finally, new models and methods are used in location analysis for urban public service facilities in case cities, and show the effectiveness.

Digital urban planning oriented data warehouse constructing supported by GIS: Taking Greater Beijing regional planning as a case

A great large of mass data has to be dealt with in the process of digital urban planning. However, the data structures of the mass data which distribute in the different fields are different from each other, and it is very difficult for the urban planner to analyze and integrate the data. How to convert the data from the different fields into a unified format, to integrate and store the data together, and to analyze the data to assist the decision-making efficiently is a big issue which every urban planner faces. The data warehouse appeared some years ago, which is a subject-oriented, integrated, steady-going, and the historical data included data set. It can be used to support the process of decision-making. To integrate GIS, Data Warehouse, Cloud Computing, and other new information technology with the digital urban planning effectively is a very valuable research field. Taking Greater Beijing (which includes Beijing, Tianjin, and the north of Hebei province) regional planning as a case, the research achievements in both china and overseas were analyzed. This paper discusses how to construct the Greater Beijing data warehouse for the regional digital urban planning in order to support the decision-making effectively based on data mining. Microsoft SQL Server database management system, ArcGIS information center are used to be the platform to construct the data warehouse. A prototype of the data warehouse about Greater Beijing is built according to the population, the land-use in the process of Greater Beijing regional planning. It can integrate the data from the different fields, multi-dimensionally analyze the data stored in the data warehouse by On-Line Analysis Processing. And the prototype can find the useful knowledge by data mining based on the special professional model, support the decision-making of Greater Beijing urban planning. Based on the research of Greater Beijing data warehouse constructing process, and by comparing with the successful warehouse application, this research analyzes the characteristics and essential of the warehouse functions, and the influence on the decision-making of data mining. According to this research, it is clear that the digital urban planning system based on the data warehouse can improve the efficiency of data-using largely, achieve the maximum information-sharing, support the basis for decision-making, is better than the relational database management system in the field of integrating data and collecting the feedback information, and can store the different models relating with the decision-making in the special fashion. It is a valid mode of the decision-making system.

Evolution of administrative division in Beijing and analysis on its spatial pattern based on GIS

The administrative division of Beijing City has been changed continuously since 1978 with different focuses. Since 1993, the focus has been in suburban areas by repealing townships, founding towns, uniting townships and towns, and preparing to establish local offices in the places where urban and rural areas meet as part of the reforms on setting up interim systems during the transitional process from townships to urban sub-districts. By the end of 2007, the number of sub-district offices in Beijing City increased by 27, that of towns increased by 35, while the number of townships reduced by 191 to 18, that of local administrative offices went up by 53. These numbers also show the radical changes made to administrative division of Beijing City during the period. The article analyzes the changes of townships, towns, and sub-districts in Beijing City in past two decades by means of GIS analysis and spatial statistics. The evolution rules and the spatial patterns and features of administrative division changes in Beijing City are summarized, and the rationality of the large-scale repealing and uniting of townships and towns is discussed. Based on the results of sampling analysis and the nearest neighbor analysis, the author concludes that the townships and towns in this city achieve relative balance in terms of their spatial distribution, which will benefit social and economic growth in local urban and rural areas. Then, by analyzing the spatial self-correlation of various indices in township and town locations including the total population of townships and towns, the proportion of non-agricultural population, and the population density, the conclusion is that the locations of administrative branches in townships and towns are obviously self-related in space and demonstrating a spatial agglomeration pattern. The article also analyzes briefly the distribution pattern of local administrative branches. As a result, the hasty decisions of promoting these places that are townships in nature into towns will do harm to local economic and social growth. Therefore, such radical changes made to administrative division will definitely cause long-term and profound impact on the spatial distribution of administrative functions in Beijing as well as on its future social and economic growth.

Integration of spatial information technology for digital urban planning

Integration of spatial information technology for digital urban planning (DUP) was studied in this paper based on analyzing the challenges of digital city upon current urban planning as well as its developing trend. Three subjects related to the spatial information technology and integration were discussed in this paper. First of all, the technology methodology system of digital urban planning was built up, and the position and functions of spatial information technology in digital urban planning were defined. Secondly, the technical integratation approaches of spatial information technology for digital urban planning was discussed in three levels, which include data level, function level, and platform level. Thirdly, the integrated application approaches of spatial information technology for digital urban planning were suggested according to the characteristics of master urban planning and detailed urban planning, which include three steps, such as DUP data preparation, DUP scheme creation, and DUP scheme submission.

Eco-environment study for water source region of beijing supported by RS and GIS

The eco-environment situation and variation of water source region of Beijing, the capital of China, has been concerned by both central and local government. Located in northwest Beijing, Miyun county is a focus area due to it includes the Miyun reservoir which is the water source for most of Beijing citizens. Taking land cover as an important eco-environment factor, the eco- environment situation and dynamic changing of Miyun Count were studied based on RS, GIS, and GPS. By land cover classification, spatial overlay and statistical analysis, the dynamic changing trend from 1991 to 2001 was revealed. The conclusion is that the eco-environment situation is well, but the dynamic changing trend needs to be concerned because of the fast increase of population.