Arnaud Davigny

Fuzzy logic based supervisor of a wind farm including storage system and able to work in islanding mode

In this paper, the possibility of a generating system, which associates a variable speed wind turbine and a flywheel energy storage system, to participate to the power network management is investigated. The connection to a power grid of a farm including three of them is considered. A solution is proposed to allow wind generators to work as voltage sources with the help of a frequency droop. It is shown that the power generated by these systems can be controlled by fixing the power set point when they are connected to the grid, and that, in case of islanding, they can share the global load of the isolated network. This paper focuses on the storage level management with the help of fuzzy logic

The feasibility of the ancillary services for Vehicle-to-grid technology

This paper explores the feasibility of electric vehicle contribution to the grid ancillary services. Thanks to a probabilistic approach, the technical possibilities of Vehicle-to-grid ancillary services are assessed. Different scenarios with respect to the number of EVs fleet and commuting behavior have been generated to assess the possibility of grid service support in sense of power, energy and appropriate time interval. Each scenario is dedicated to proper ancillary service, where the economic interest for each service has been discussed.

Minimization of energy transmission cost and CO 2 emissions using coordination of electric vehicle and wind power (W2V)

In recent years, the electrical energy distribution network is at the heart of energy and environmental changes that affect our society. In fact, many applications use the electric vector in order to increase their energy efficiency. This is particularly the case of electric vehicles (EVs), wind and solar power generation. However, these means of production are often intermittent and not in conjunction with power consumption. Therefore, the lack of control of these evolutions may lead to technical and financial problems. This strategy would be a real obstacle to the development of EVs. So, the paper deals with an approach based on fuzzy logic control that allows EV peaks power shaving, and coordination of wind power excess and EVs load. This will enable the Distribution System Operator (DSO) to limit its energy transmission costs and CO2 emissions. The supervision strategy is applied to a real test system, and its performance is shown with the help of simulations using Matlab/Simulink.

Energy Management Strategy for Commercial Buildings Integrating PV and Storage Systems

This paper presents an energy management strategy for a commercial building in supermarket application. Some objectives are established as load shedding, to reduce the electricity bill and the CO2 emissions of commercial building, such as supermarkets, in using PV and storage systems. An energy management supervision strategy based on the rules of the electricity bill will be presented. This paper focuses on the supervision strategy with the help of fuzzy logic. It is shown, with the help of simulations and comparisons, that the energy bill cost and the CO2 emissions can be reduced by using the solution proposed.

Methodology for technical and economic assessment of electric vehicles integration in distribution grid

This paper proposes a methodology to design a supervision system (SS) based on Fuzzy and Boolean logics. In the first stage, a graphical modeling tool is used to facilitate the analysis and the determination of Fuzzy-Boolean algorithm linked to the test system. To improve the performance of the proposed SS a genetic algorithm (GA) is implemented in the second stage. The SS objective is used to control electric vehicles (EVs) load in order to minimize the energy transmission costs (ETC) of the distribution system operator (DSO). To achieve this goal, it is necessary to promote local consumption of wind and photovoltaic (PV) power by coordinating them with EVs load, maximize EVs charging during cheaper energy periods and reduce subscribed power exceeding. The performance of the SS is shown by numerical simulation results using Matlab/Simulink. Finally, a Matlab-PowerFactory co-simulation framework is proposed in order to assess supervision system influence on the technical aspects of a real test grid. A generic methodology is proposed to control Electric Vehicles load.A method for obtaining high-performance of Fuzzy-Boolean algorithm was developed.The coordination between Electric Vehicles and Wind-Photovoltaic power is performed.A co-simulation tool assesses supervision algorithm impacts distribution grid.

Traffic-based modeling of electric vehicle charging load and its impact on the distribution network and railway station parking lots

In this paper, a traffic-based modeling for electric vehicle charging profile is proposed. An optimization process will find the best-fitted probability distribution function to the real traffic data. The impacts of electric vehicles charging profile on the regional distribution network, and a typical railway station, proposing EVs parking lots facilities, are discussed. The results show a significant increment of annual energy purchase price for the downstream consumers that would be possibly reduced by proposing supervision system aimed to charging coordination.

Integration and safety of electric vehicles in a residential electrical installation for V2H services

Vehicle-to-Home (V2H) supposes that electric vehicle (EV) chargers are bidirectionnal. It is necessary to find the best solution to use a bidirectionnal EV charger in a residential installation in terms of safety, availability and cost. This paper shows a method to determine if a residential installation can be supplied by an EV in stand-alone mode, without risk for person safety or availability in case of insulation faults, compared to the grid-connected mode. The used method is the event-tree analysis: an event tree for the “insulation fault” event is proposed to determine the consequences in function of success or failure of intermediate events. Here, two configurations are considered: first, a TT-earthing installation supplied by the utility grid and secondly the same installation without change in stand-alone mode and only supplied by an EV (corresponding to an IT-earthing system). The last configuration is studied because energy supply is not the main function of an EV, so the extra cost and the system complexity due to a bidirectionnal charger must be avoided as far as possible. After the weighting of intermediate event success and failure for each configuration, the event tree analysis reveals that the IT-earthing in stand-alone mode configuration is not an issue for person safety but that there is a decrease of the supply availability compared to the grid-connected mode. The parameters, which causes these decrease, depends primarily on the installation architecture, connected loads and the sizing of EV charger components. The method proposed here can be applied to other configurations in grid-connected or stand-alone mode to verify if there is any risk for safety or availability and to verify the robustness of the architecture in case of failure in the installation (for example, an appliance which is not connected to the protective conductor).