Arthur Stutt

MnM: Ontology Driven Semi-automatic and Automatic Support for Semantic Markup

An important precondition for realizing the goal of a semantic web is the ability to annotate web resources with semantic information. In order to carry out this task, users need appropriate representation languages, ontologies, and support tools. In this paper we present MnM, an annotation tool which provides both automated and semi-automated support for annotating web pages with semantic contents. MnM integrates a web browser with an ontology editor and provides open APIs to link to ontology servers and for integrating information extraction tools. MnM can be seen as an early example of the next generation of ontology editors, being web-based, oriented to semantic markup and providing mechanisms for large-scale automatic markup of web pages.

Engineering Knowledge in the Age of the Semantic Web

Ontologies: Mappings and Translation.- The Theory of Top-Level Ontological Mappings and Its Application to Clinical Trial Protocols.- Generating and Integrating Evidence for Ontology Mappings.- Ontology Translation Approaches for Interoperability: A Case Study with Protege-2000 and WebODE.- Ontologies: Problems and Applications.- On the Foundations of UML as an Ontology Representation Language.- OWL Pizzas: Practical Experience of Teaching OWL-DL: Common Errors & Common Patterns.- Using a Novel ORM-Based Ontology Modelling Method to Build an Experimental Innovation Router.- Ontology-Based Functional-Knowledge Modeling Methodology and Its Deployment.- Ontologies: Trust and E-learning.- Accuracy of Metrics for Inferring Trust and Reputation in Semantic Web-Based Social Networks.- Semantic Webs for Learning: A Vision and Its Realization.- Ontology Maintenance.- Enhancing Ontological Knowledge Through Ontology Population and Enrichment.- Refactoring Methods for Knowledge Bases.- Applications to Medicine.- Managing Patient Record Instances Using DL-Enabled Formal Concept Analysis.- Medical Ontology and Virtual Staff for a Health Network.- Portals.- A Semantic Portal for the International Affairs Sector.- OntoWeaver-S: Supporting the Design of Knowledge Portals.- Knowledge Acquisition.- Graph-Based Acquisition of Expressive Knowledge.- Incremental Knowledge Acquisition for Improving Probabilistic Search Algorithms.- Parallel Knowledge Base Development by Subject Matter Experts.- Designing a Procedure for the Acquisition of Probability Constraints for Bayesian Networks.- Invented Predicates to Reduce Knowledge Acquisition.- Web Services and Problem Solving Methods.- Extending Semantic-Based Matchmaking via Concept Abduction and Contraction.- Configuration of Web Services as Parametric Design.- Knowledge Modelling for Deductive Web Mining.- On the Knowledge Level of an On-line Shop Assistant.- A Customer Notification Agent for Financial Overdrawn Using Semantic Web Services.- Aggregating Web Services with Active Invocation and Ensembles of String Distance Metrics.- Search, Browsing and Knowledge Acquisition.- KATS: A Knowledge Acquisition Tool Based on Electronic Document Processing.- SERSE: Searching for Digital Content in Esperonto.- A Topic-Based Browser for Large Online Resources.- Knowledge Formulation for AI Planning.- Short Papers.- ConEditor: Tool to Input and Maintain Constraints.- Adaptive Link Services for the Semantic Web.- Using Case-Based Reasoning to Support Operational Knowledge Management.- A Hybrid Algorithm for Alignment of Concept Hierarchies.- Cultural Heritage Information on the Semantic Web.- Stepper: Annotation and Interactive Stepwise Transformation for Knowledge-Rich Documents.- Knowledge Management and Interactive Learning.- Ontology-Based Semantic Annotations for Biochip Domain.- Toward a Library of Problem-Solving Methods on the Internet.- Supporting Collaboration Through Semantic-Based Workflow and Constraint Solving.- Towards a Knowledge-Aware Office Environment.- Computing Similarity Between XML Documents for XML Mining.- A CBR Driven Genetic Algorithm for Microcalcification Cluster Detection.- Ontology Enrichment Evaluation.- KAFTIE: A New KA Framework for Building Sophisticated Information Extraction Systems.- From Text to Ontology: The Modelling of Economics Events.- Discovering Conceptual Web-Knowledge in Web Documents.- Knowledge Mediation: A Procedure for the Cooperative Construction of Domain Ontologies.- A Framework to Improve Semantic Web Services Discovery and Integration in an E-Gov Knowledge Network.- Knowledge Organisation and Information Retrieval with Galois Lattices.- Acquisition of Causal and Temporal Knowledge in Medical Domains. A Web-Based Approach.

Solving VT in VITAL: a study in model construction and knowledge reuse

In this paper we discuss a solution to the Sisyphus II elevator design problem developed using the VITAL approach to structured knowledge-based system development. In particular we illustrate in detail the process by which an initial model of Propose & Revise problem solving was constructed using a generative grammar of model fragments and then refined and operationalized in the VITAL operational conceptual modelling language (OCML). In the paper we also discuss in detail the properties of a particular Propose & Revise architecture, called “Complete-Model-then-Revise”, and we show that it compares favourably in terms of competence with alternative Propose & Revise models. Moreover, using as an example the VT domain ontology provided as part of the Sisyphus II task, we critically examine the issues affecting the development of reusable ontologies. Finally, we discuss the performance of our problem solver and we show how we can use machine learning techniques to uncover additional strategic knowledge not present in the VT domain.

Representations for semantic learning webs : Semantic Web technology in learning support

Recent work on applying semantic technologies to learning has concentrated on providing novel means of accessing and making use of learning objects. However, this is unnecessarily limiting: semantic technologies will make it possible to develop a range of educational Semantic Web services, such as interpretation, structure-visualization, support for argumentation, novel forms of content customization, novel mechanisms for aggregating learning material, citation services and so on. In this paper, we outline an initial framework that extends the use of semantic technologies as a means of providing learning services that are owned and created by learning communities.

Alice: Assisting Online Shoppers through Ontologies and Novel Interface Metaphors

In this paper we describe some results of the Alice project. Alice is an ontology based e-commerce project which aims to support online users in the task of shopping. Ontologies describing customers, products, typical shopping tasks and the external context form the basis for the Alice architecture. We also exploit two novel interface metaphors originally developed for navigating databases: the Guides metaphor and Dynamic Queries. The Guides metaphor was developed at Apple to reduce the cognitive load on learners navigating a large hypermedia database. Within Alice we use the Guides metaphor to allow online shoppers to classify themselves. We discuss the link between Alice Guides and Kozinet?s notion of e-tribes or Virtual Communities of Consumption. Our second interface metaphor Dynamic Queries (coupled with Starfield displays) allow users to very quickly find relevant items by displaying the results of queries, posed via specialised slider widgets, within 100 milliseconds. We have constructed a tool, Quiver, which constructs Dynamic Query interfaces on-the-fly as the result of queries to knowledge models stored on the Alice server.

MnM: Semi-Automatic Ontology Population from Text

Ontologies can play a very important role in information systems. They can support various information system processes, particularly information acquisition and integration. Ontologies themselves need to be designed, built and maintained. An important part of the ontology engineering cycle is the ability to keep a handcrafted ontology up to date. Therefore, we have developed a tool called MnM that helps during the ontology maintenance process. MnM extracts information from texts and populates ontology. It uses NLP (Natural Language Processing), Information Extraction and Machine Learning technologies. In particular, MnM was tested using an electronic newsletter consisting of news articles describing events happening in the Knowledge Media Institute (KMi). MnM could constitute an important part of an ontology-driven information system, with its integrated web-based ontology editor and provision of open APIs to link to ontology servers and to integrate with information extraction tools.

An open framework for cooperative problem solving

The Vital-KR, a software architecture for the development of hybrid knowledge-based applications, provides the basic substructure for integrating software and human agents in problem solving. The architecture provides implementation-level support in the Vital workbench, a methodology-based workbench covering the whole life-cycle of knowledge-based system (KBS) development, from requirements specification to implementation. The Vital-KR allows construction of modular KBSs, facilitates reuse of KBS modules, provides standard protocols for integrating software or human agents in an application, and supports experimentation in hybrid KBS design. >

Inferring in Lego-land: an Architecture for the Integration of Heterogeneous Inference Modules

The VITAL-KR provides the basic sub-structure for integrating a number of representation and inference paradigms as a means towards experimenting in the design of hybrid systems. In this paper we give an overview of the VITAL-KR, in particular illustrating how it supports the development of hybrid applications, as well as the integration of new inference systems. We believe that the VITAL-KR provides a number of advantages over alternative hybrid AI programming environments. Its communication primitives are generic, as they do not depend on the structure of a particular knowledge representation system; it is extendible, as it provides well-defined mechanisms for integrating new inference systems; it enjoys a formal, unambigous specification; and it comprises mechanisms to ensure the consistency of the overall, hybrid KB.