Artur Aburad de Carvalhosa

Use of 660-nm Diode Laser in the Prevention and Treatment of Human Oral Mucositis Induced by Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy

OBJECTIVE The aim of this multidisciplinary study was to evaluate quantitatively and qualitatively the effect of a 660-nm diode laser in the prevention and treatment of human oral mucositis (OM) in patients suffering from head and neck cancer who had undergone radiotherapy and chemotherapy. BACKGROUND DATA OM is a severe oral lesion resulting from the toxic effects of treatment for cancer in the head and neck region. Low-level laser therapy is indicated to prevent and treat this oral complication and may be used alone or in association with conventional drug treatment, producing pain relief and wound repair. METHODS This study included 72 patients with head and neck cancer treated at the Cancer Hospital of Mato-Grosso, Brazil, and divided into a control group (C; n = 36) and a laser group (L; n = 36). Laser therapy was performed in combination with radiotherapy and chemotherapy twice a week using a diode laser (lambda = 660 nm, power = 30 mW, spot size = 2 mm, energy = 2 J per point). RESULTS Statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups. Patients in group L usually did not present with OM or pain, but all patients in group C presented with OM ranging from Level I to III associated with pain. This difference was significant from week 1 on, increased until week 4 and remained stable up to week 7. CONCLUSION Laser therapy was effective in preventing and treating oral effects induced by radiotherapy and chemotherapy, thus improving the patients quality of life.

Epidemiologia do câncer de boca em laboratório público do Estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil

This study analyzed oral cancer epidemiology based on histopathology reports from a public laboratory in Mato Grosso, Brazil, after a specific policy was implemented for treating oral and facial diseases in the State. This was a cross-sectional epidemiological study, based on 1,324 histopathology reports issued from January 2005 to December 2006. The study identified 44 cases of oral cancer, or 3% of all oral lesions, and analyzed them in relation to the following variables: histological type, gender, age, and patients place of residence (capital versus rest of State). The most common histological type was squamous cell carcinoma. Most of the diagnoses occurred in men in their 50s and 60s living in the interior of the State. During two years in operation, this public oral pathology service had recorded a considerable number of oral cancer cases.

Paracoccidioidomycosis prevalence in a public laboratory of the Brazilian unified health system

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic fungal disease with oral manifestations that is the most prevalent in Latin America. The purpose of this cross-sectional epidemiological study was to examine the prevalence of PCM in the Public Laboratory (MT Laboratory) of the Brazilian Unified Health System in Mato Grosso. The following data from 3670 cytological and histopathological reports of oral lesions issued by the MT Laboratory over a 4-year (2004–2008) period were analyzed: diagnostic method (oral exfoliative cytology or biopsy), diagnosis by year, origin of cases (urban or rural), and patient gender and age. In the assessment period, 96 cases (2.6%) of PCM were diagnosed. Most cases originated from rural areas (94%), and PCM was the most prevalent in men (97.9%) and in the fifth decade of life (35.4%). These results show that Mato Grosso had a considerable number of PCM cases over a small period, suggesting that this state is an endemic region for PCM in Brazil.

Epidemiology and georeferencing of squamous cell carcinoma cases and their relationship with pesticides

Objective To assess the prevalence of epidermoid carcinoma cases, georeference their locations, and seek to correlate them to areas with higher agricultural production and use of pesticides. Methods This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and retrospective study conducted by searching the histopathological reports with confirmed diagnosis of epidermoid carcinoma of the mouth issued from August 2005 to December 2011 by the public oral pathology laboratory of the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Data were plotted with the IBM SPSS Statistics software and spatial analysis used the ArcGIS 10.1 software. Results There were a higher number of diagnoses in 2007 (26.6%); 99 cases (75%) of patients were male; 96 cases (72.8%) were patients aged between 41 and 70 years; and the cities of Cuiaba, Varzea Grande and Rondonopolis respectively showed the highest number of occurrences. Conclusion No relationship was found between the occurrence of cases of epidermoid carcinoma and the municipalities with high agricultural production and pesticide use.

Rehabilitation of an Advanced Case of Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma

Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a cancer of the salivary gland that primarily affects the parotid, submandibular, and accessory salivary glands. Its growth is slow and it has infiltrative nature. A 46-year-old female patient coming from the rural area presented a lesion on the palate and reported pain in the region for three years. After incisional biopsy, and histopathological diagnosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the cribriform type of minor salivary gland, superior hemimaxillectomy and adjuvant treatment with radiotherapy and maxillofacial prosthetic rehabilitation were performed.

SIALOLITO NO DUCTO DA GLÂNDULA SUBMANDIBULAR: RELATO DE CASO

A sialolitiase e uma alteracao comum das glândulas salivares causada pela presenca de calculo (sialolito) em seu no interior, sendo de evolucao lenta e caracteriza da por inchaco, dor e ausencia de salivacao no ducto da glândula afetada. Frequentemente, acomete a glândula submandibular ou o seu ducto, podendo causar infeccao aguda ou cronica. Este trabalho teve como o objetivo fazer o relato de um caso clinico de sialolito presente no ducto da glândula submandibular diagnosticado no Programa de Diagnostico e Prevencao do Câncer de Boca do UNIVAG – Centro Universitario.