Arvind Karikal

Malondialdehyde levels in oral sub mucous fibrosis: a clinicopathological and biochemical study.

Background: Oral submucous fibrosis is one of the most commonly occurring potentially malignant disorders in the South-East Asia. Levels of lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde have been recently correlated with clinical grades of oral Submucous fibrosis. Aims: The aims of this study were to estimate the levels of malondialdehyde in serum, saliva and tissue in patients with oral submucous fibrosis, to correlate change in levels of malodialdehyde with the histopathological grading. Materials and Methods: The study group comprised of 65 clinically diagnosed and histopathologically confirmed cases of oral submucous fibrosis, 21 age and sex matched controls were also enrolled into the study. The serum saliva and tissue samples in the study groups were evaluated by the thiobarbutric acid reactive substances. Results: There was a significant difference between the serum and salivary malondialdehyde among the histopathological grades of oral submucous fibrosis. Tissue malonaldehyde levels were significantly higher as the grading progressed but tissue levels in grade 3 oral submucous fibrosis were lower than the controls. Conclusion: This decrease in tissue malonaldehyde could possibly be associated to collagen cross linking occurring during the advanced stages of oral submucous fibrosis.

Status of trace elements in saliva of oral precancer and oral cancer patients

BACKGROUND Several studies in recent years have linked association between micronutrient levels and various forms of cancer. Copper and zinc have been the most researched micronutrients. AIM The aim of the study was to evaluate the levels of copper, zinc and iron in saliva of patients with oral leukoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma. RESULTS There was a highly significant increase in the level of salivary copper in oral submucous fibrosis patients when compared to controls (P = 0.001). Salivary copper levels were also elevated in oral leukoplakia and oral cancer patients (P = 0.01). There was a significant decrease in the salivary zinc levels in all three study groups when compared to controls (P = 0.001). A highly significant reduction in salivary iron levels was noticed oral submucous fibrosis group. The copper to zinc ratio significantly increased in all the study groups when compared to controls. CONCLUSION Results suggest that salivary copper zinc and iron could be used as biomarkers for oral precancer and cancer.

Evaluation of micronutrient status in serum and saliva of oral submucous fibrosis patients: A clinicopathological study.

Background: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is one of the most commonly occurring potentially malignant disorders in India and south East Asian countries where betel chewing is common practice. Iron and ascorbic acid are important agents for collagen synthesis. Aims: The aims of this study were to estimate the levels of iron and ascorbic acid in serum and saliva in patients with OSMF and to correlate change in levels of iron and ascorbic acid with the histopathological grading of OSMF. Materials and Methods: The study group comprised of 65 clinically diagnosed and histopathologically confirmed cases of OSMF; 21 age- and sex-matched controls were also enrolled in the study. Serum and salivary ascorbic acid were analyzed by the dintrophenyl hydrazine method whereas serum and salivary iron were analyzed by the dipyridyl method. Results: The serum and salivary ascorbic acid levels consistently decreased with the progression of histopathologiocal grading of OSMF. Serum and salivary iron levels were also decreased in OSMF patients, but this was not significant. Conclusion: Ascorbic acid and iron may have been used for the excessive collagen synthesis occurring during progression of OSMF. Hence, serum and salivary monitoring may play a crucial role in the early diagnosis and prognosis of OSMF.

Multiple trichoepitheliomas: A rare occurrence.

Trichoepitelioma is an extremely rare cosmetically disfiguring condition usually affecting the females. Trichoepitheliomas are benign lesions seen on the face, which are thought to derive from the hair follicle. Malignant transformation to basal cell carcinoma is rare and occurs late in the course of the disease These lesions are often misinterpreted and diagnosed clinically as neurofibromatosis or histpathologically as basal cell carcinoma. We report a case of multiple trichoepithelioma occurring in a male patient. The patient presented with multiple dermatologic growths on the face with varied histopathological presentations which have been described in detail.

Fourth molar tooth in the mandible: A rare case report

Supernumerary teeth are located in the anterior maxilla, mandible and to a lesser frequency posterior region of the mandible. They are classified according to their location and form. Their presence may or may not give rise to a variety of clinical problems. Detection of supernumerary teeth is usually achieved by clinical and radiographic examination. Their management should form part of a comprehensive treatment plan. A fourth molar tooth is a very rare entity in modern humans although prevalent in early humans. This article presents an overview of odontogenesis; aberrations associated with supernumerary teeth and includes a note on their incidence and prevalence.

Osteolytic nasal polyp of the maxillary sinus mimicking malignancy.

We present an osteolytic nasal polyp of the maxillary sinus with clinical features and radiographic features mimicking that of a malignancy. Maxillary sinusitis being a common inflammatory condition progressed to cause destruction of the maxillary bone and spread into the facial soft tissue, which is quite a rare occurrence. We have discussed in detail the clinical, radiological, histopathology and management of this uncommon presentation of a common case.

Report of a rare complication following posterior superior alveolar nerve block

The risk of local and systemic complications are ever present during the administration of nerve blocks in the field of dentistry, but the knowledge and timely steps taken by the clinician can decrease the incidence of this event in his/her practice. Here the author presents a case of transient blurring of vision in one eye following the administration of posterior superior alveolar nerve block prior to a dental surgical procedure. To explain the possible mechanism of this rare complication and to make aware of such complications of local anesthetic in dental practice.