Arvind Mithal

Leveraging latency-insensitivity to ease multiple FPGA design

Traditionally, hardware designs partitioned across multiple FPGAs have had low performance due to the inefficiency of maintaining cycle-by-cycle timing among discrete FPGAs. In this paper, we present a mechanism by which complex designs may be efficiently and automatically partitioned among multiple FPGAs using explicitly programmed latency-insensitive links. We describe the automatic synthesis of an area efficient, high performance network for routing these inter-FPGA links. By mapping a diverse set of large research prototypes onto a multiple FPGA platform, we demonstrate that our tool obtains significant gains in design feasibility, compilation time, and even wall-clock performance.

Refactored Design of I/O Architecture for Flash Storage

Flash storage devices behave quite differently from hard disk drives (HDDs); a page on flash has to be erased before it can be rewritten, and the erasure has to be performed on a block which consists of a large number of contiguous pages. It is also important to distribute writes evenly among flash blocks to avoid premature wearing. To achieve interoperability with existing block I/O subsystems for HDDs, NAND flash devices employ an intermediate software layer, called the flash translation layer (FTL), which hides these differences. Unfortunately, FTL implementations require powerful processors with a large amount of DRAM in flash controllers and also incur many unnecessary I/O operations which degrade flash storage performance and lifetime. In this paper, we present a refactored design of I/O architecture for flash storage which dramatically increases storage performance and lifetime while decreasing the cost of the flash controller. In comparison with page-level FTL, our preliminary experiments show a reduction of 19 percent in I/O operations, improvement of I/O performance by 9 percent and storage lifetime by 36 percent. In addition, our scheme uses only 1 128 DRAM memory in the flash controller.