Arzu Turan

Submandibular Lateral Ectopic Thyroid Tissue: Ultrasonography, Computed Tomography, and Scintigraphic Findings

Ectopic thyroid can be encountered anywhere between the base of tongue and pretracheal region. The most common form is euthyroid neck mass. Herein, we aimed to present the findings of a female case with ectopic thyroid tissue localized in the left submandibular region. A 44-year-old female patient, who underwent bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy four years ago with the diagnosis of multinodular goiter, was admitted to our hospital due to a mass localized in the left submandibular area that gradually increased in the last six months. Neck ultrasonography, contrast-enhanced computed tomography, and scintigraphic examination were performed on the patient. On thyroid scintigraphy with Tc-99m pertechnetate, thyroid tissue activity uptake showing massive radioactivity was observed in the normal localization of the thyroid gland and in the submandibular localization. The focus in the submandibular region was excised. Pathological examination of the specimen showed normal thyroid follicle cells with no signs of malignancy. The submandibular mass is a rarely encountered lateral ectopic thyroid tissue. Accordingly, ectopic thyroid tissue should also be considered in the differential diagnosis of masses in the submandibular region.

The effect of gadolinium-based contrast agents on rat testis

Previous studies have reported that repeated administrations of linear gadolinium‐based contrast agents lead to their accumulation in the brain and other tissues in individuals with normal renal functions. The purpose of this prospective animal study was to investigate the effect of multiple administrations of macrocyclic ionic (gadoteric acid) and linear nonionic (gadodiamide) gadolinium‐based contrast agents (GBCAs) on rat testis tissue and to compare these molecules in terms of tissue damage. Thirty‐two male Sprague‐Dawley rats were kept without drugs for 5 weeks after administration of 0.1 mmol mg−1 kg−1 (0.2 ml/kg) gadodiamide and gadoteric acid for 4 days over 5 weeks. Biochemical, histopathological and immunohistochemical changes in testis tissue were evaluated at the end of 10 weeks. When used in repeated clinical doses, gadolinium was observed to increase apoptosis in the Leydig cells of the rat testis, and to increase serum Ca+2 levels and reduce testosterone levels (p < .05). Although the difference was not statistically significant, a greater loss of spermatozoa and immature germinal cell accumulation were observed in the seminiferous tubule lumen in the GBCA groups compared with the control and saline groups (p > .05). Both linear and macrocyclic contrast agents have toxic effects on testis tissue, irrespective of the type of drug.

Tinnituslu hastalarda 3 boyutlu T2 ağırlıklı manyetik rezonans görüntüleme ile serebelopontin kenardaki vasküler değişikliklerin değerlendirilmesi

Amac: Serebelopontin kose (CPA) vaskuler ve noral yapilarin anatomik etkilesimleri isitsel-vestibuler semptomlarla iliskili oldugu dusunulmektedir. Manyetik rezonans goruntuleme, bu karmasik anatomik bolgeyi degerlendirmek icin tercih edilen bir yontem haline gelmistir. Bu calismada, 3-boyutlu T2 agirlikli MRI ile tinnitus hastalarda CPA’da vaskuler loop varyasyon iliskisini degerlendirmeyi amacladik. Materyal ve Metod: Bu calismada, aciklanamayan tinnitus olan ve kulak MRI tetkiki yapilan 149 hasta yer almistir. Hastalarin tinnitusu olan kulaklari calisma grubunu, sikâyet olmayan kulaklari kontrol grubunu olusturdu. Cift tarafli tinnitusu olanlar iki taraf ayri ayri olarak calisma grubuna dâhil edildi. MRI taramalari, CPA’da vaskuler varyasyon varligina iliskin olarak degerlendirildi. Bulgular: Sol tarafta tinnitusu olan hastalarda Tip 1 (CPA duzeyinde) (p=0.001) ve Tip A (vestibuloklear ve/veya fasial ile temas) (p<0.001) vaskuler loop anlamli derecede yuksekti. Sag tarafta tinnitusu olan hastalarda, sadece Tip A vaskuler loop anlamli derecede yuksekti (p=0.005). Cift tarafli tinnituslu hastalar icin sag kulakta Tip 2 vaskuler loop (internal akustik kanali proksimal [IAC]) (p=0.035) ve sol kulakta Tip A vaskuler loop(p<0.001) anlamli derecede yuksekti. Sonuc: Bu calisma, 3D T2W MRI kullanilarak tinnitus etyolojisini arastiran en buyuk olcekli calismadir. CPA ve IAC’deki vaskuler loop sikligi oncelikle tani teknigine baglidir. Bulgularimiz, vaskuler varyasyon nedenlerin yuksek cozunurluklu goruntuleme yontemleri kullanilarak daha net gosterilebilecegini gosterdi. Buna gore, tedavi secenekleri etiyolojinin aydinlatilmasiyla daha iyi belirlenebilir.

Effects of Gadodiamide and Gadoteric Acid on Rat Kidneys: A Comparative Study: Effects of Gadodiamide and Gadoteric Acid

Gadolinium‐based contrast agents are complex chelates to provide contrast in NRI. However, recent studies have highlighted the deposition of free Gd+3 ion in various tissues.

The Efficacy of Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Diagnosis of Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for diagnosing superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD). MATERIALS AND METHODS The radiological records of patients who were admitted to our clinic with complaints of otologic and neuro-otologic symptoms between October 2014 and December 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Among these patients, those who underwent both computed tomography and MRI and were reported to have SSCD in the temporal bone on at least one side were included in the study group. MRI records of patients with a confirmed diagnosis were then assessed for the presence of SSCD. RESULTS The left and right semicircular canals of 52 patients were evaluated in this study. The sensitivity and specificity of MRI in the diagnosis of SSCD was 89.06% and 90%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values were 93.44% and 83.72%, respectively. CONCLUSION The use of multiplanar reformats and angulation techniques during MRI assessment of patients with neuro-otologic symptoms can improve the diagnostic process for patients with SSCD. This may allow early diagnosis of the disease by using just one imaging method, which would also reduce the costs per patient during the diagnosis period.