Atsushi Kiyohashi

Changes of enzyme activities recognized in lymphocytes from patients with carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract

SummaryAdenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity and acid phosphatase activity in lymphocytes from patients with carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract were determined in order to investigate whether or not changes in these enzyme activities has any relation to the immune reactivity of carcinoma-bearing patients. In patients with a performance status of more than 60%, the mean value of the total ATPase activity in lymphocytes differed little from that in controls, but the mean value of the oligomycin-sensitive ATPase activity decreased as compared to that in the controls. On the other hand, the mean values of the activities of both free and total acid phosphatase in lymphocytes increased as compared to those in controls. The mean values of the activities of both ATPase and acid phosphatase in lymphocytes from patients whose performance status was less than 50% decreased as compared to those from controls and patients whose performance status was more than 60%. The change of the activities of both ATPase and acid phosphatase in lymphocytes has relation to that of the immunological parameters of the patients with carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract. These results indicate that both ATPase and acid phosphatase in lymphocytes may play an important role in the immune mechanism.

A Survey of Regenerating Capacity in Patchy Liver and in Nodular Liver—with Special Reference to DNA Synthesis Estimated by BrdU Labeling Index—

Abstract: Laparoscopically, patchy liver and nodular liver were considered as features of regeneration of liver cells. In this study, the regenerating capacity of liver cells obtained by a liver biopsy from laparoscopically identified patchy liver and nodular liver was estimated by Bromodeoxvuridine (BrdU)‐anti‐BrdU method. BrdU labeling indices (L. I.), of liver cells in biopsy specimens from 6 normal livers, 12 patchy livers, and from 15 nodular livers were examined using an in‐vitro labeling technique. Liver biopsy specimens obtained by a Tru‐cut needle were immediately incubated for 45 min. in 0.1% BrdU solution in RPMI 1640 at 37°C under a pressure of 3 atmospheres in a mixture of 95% O2 and 5% CO2. Immunohistochemical detection of BrdU was performed by the Avidin‐Biotin‐Peroxidase Complex (ABC) method. The mean BrdU L. I. (±SE) of normal liver, patchy liver, and of nodular liver was 0.25±0.09%, 1.4±0.2%, and 1.7±0.4% respectively. Among the nodular liver, flat shaped ones showed a low level (0.5±0.1%), in contrast to the high level (2.4±0.7%) in the semispherical nodular liver. The BrdU L. I. of both the patchy liver and the nodular liver was significantly higher than that in the normal liver (p<0.001, p<0.01 respectively).

Changes of adenosinetriphosphatase (ATpase) activities in lymphocytes from patients with carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract

SummaryThe activities of both total and Oligomycin-sensitive ATPase in lymphocytes from patients with gastrointestinaltract (GI) carcinomas in different Karnofsky performance status (KPS) were determined to investigate whether or not the changes of these enzyme activities were correlated to those of the immune responsiveness of the patients. In the patients whose KPS indicated more than 50%, the mean value of the total ATPase activity in lymphocytes tended to increase slightly as compared with that determined in the control subjects, but the mean value of the Oligomycin-sensitive ATPase activity in lymphocytes tended to decrease slightly as compared with that determined in the control subjects. In the patients whose KPS indicated less than 30%, the mean values of the activities of both total and Oligomycin-sensitive ATPase in lymphocytes tended to decrease remarkably as compared with those determined in the control subjects. The ATPase activities in lymphocytes were suggested to be useful measures to the immune responsiveness of the patients with GI carcinomas.

Studies on Hypercholinesterasenemia

Cholinesterase (ChE) (Acylcholine acylhydrolase) (3, 1, 1, 8)はAcylcholineを分解してコリンと酸を生ずる酵素であるが生体内ではいわゆるTrue cholinesterase (Acetyl cholinehydrolase (3, 1, 1, 7)と異り主として肝,血清に存在する.この酵素が肝疾患において減少することは1950年Alcalde1)の報告以来知られ,肝機能検査の1つとして特に我国ではよく用いられている.しかしこれまでのこの酵素の利用はネフローゼの場合を除き肝機能障害を始めとする各種疾患において低下することを見るのが主眼であった.著者の一人柴田は数年前よりChEの測定法について検討し,各種のThiocholine2)を用いて本酵素並にTrue choline esteraseの測定を試み3)オートアナライザーにてAcetylthiocholineでChE, propionyl thiocholineにてTrue cholinesteraseの測定をすることがすぐれていることを報告している.そして当時異常に高いChE活性を有する1例を経験し,肝生検により脂肪肝であったことを報告した8)がその後ChEの高い症例に遭遇したのでこれらを合せて一括報告検討を加える.一般にChEは低値のみが強調されネフローゼ以外の高値症例は従来問題にされなかったが,我々は高ChE血症の中に一つは脂肪肝に関連した場合と,もう一つは脂肪肝にあまり関係がないように見えるが何らかの肝障害に関係ある一連のものがあると考えている.