Audrey B. Davidson

Emergency Department Management of Occupational Exposures: Cost Analysis of Rapid HIV Test

OBJECTIVE To compare costs for evaluation and treatment of a healthcare worker (HCW) experiencing an occupational exposure, using a rapid human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) test versus a standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) HIV test. DESIGN Retrospective chart review of all HCWs presenting to the emergency department (ED) for care of an occupational exposure over a 13-month period. SETTING A 404-bed university-based level 1 trauma center with an annual ED census of approximately 35,000. PARTICIPANTS All HCWs experiencing an occupational exposure treated in the ED using a rapid HIV protocol were included in the analysis. METHODS A calculation of selected costs of the initial evaluation and treatment of patients whose evaluation included a rapid HIV test on the source patient were performed. A similar calculation was then made for these patients, had the standard ELISA test been used. Evaluated costs included laboratory tests, postexposure prophylactic medications, and estimated lost work time. Other costs were constant and were not included in the evaluation. RESULTS Total evaluated cost using the rapid HIV test as part of the evaluation and treatment protocol was

The medieval church and rents from marriage market regulations

465.80 for 17 patients. Had the ELISA test been used instead of the rapid test, the total evaluated cost for the 17 patients would have been

The medieval monastery as franchise monopolist

5,965.81. CONCLUSIONS When used as part of the evaluation and treatment of the HCW with an occupational exposure, the rapid HIV test results in substantial cost savings over the ELISA test .

Political Choice and the Child Labor Statute of 1938: Public Interest or Interest Group Legislation

This paper addresses the medieval Roman Catholic Churchs attempts to monopolize the marriage market and to wrest control over the institution from secular authority. In particular, the paper highlights specific doctrinal innovations and evolving rules and regulations. Rules surrounding endogamy, the definition of a valid marriages, and the escape clauses established by the Church are the principal features of the argument as is the place of these manipulations in the overall monopoly of the Church.

The determinants of Web use within an economics principles course

Abstract Medieval Cistercian monasteries were monopoly franchisees of the Roman Catholic Church and were engaged in the sale of the assurance of salvation. A public choice theory of government which defines the spiritual goal as a collective expression of the common good facilitates an analysis within an economic, as opposed to a spiritual framework. The Cistercians exclusive territories assisted the organizational structure of successive monopoly between the Church and the monasteries which is resolved by vertical integration and supported with vertical contractual restraints.

The public choice approach to economic history

Federal regulation of child labor (unlike that passed in early nineteenth century England) did not materialize until the New Deal of the 1930s. The present paper examines, using anecdotal and empirical evidence, the motives underlying the passage of depression-based child labor legislation embodied in the Senate vote on the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA). Our study, which utilizes both dichotomous and trichotomous probit models of the vote, finds evidence that there were critical and dominantprivate as opposed to public interests behind the restrictions that the FLSA placed on child labor and the exemptions that it established.

America's Alternative to Marshall: Property, Competition, and Capitalism in Hadley's Economics of 1896

This article considers the determinants of student access of a specific course Web site from a Principles of Macroeconomics course. As they prepare for the courses in-class exams, students may choose either or both of two Web resource types, a dynamic resource (interactive multiple choice practice exams) or various static resources. The article addresses two related questions. First, we ask whether a given set of characteristics affects the access of these different Web site resources similarly. Second, we explore the influence of certain student characteristics on the student decision to access a given Web resource. In general terms, our findings suggest results that are consistent with existing studies of how students learn. Our results also suggest that a greater diversity of resources will, in fact, elicit wider use of ones course Web site.

Marriage, Divorce and Prostitution: Economicc Sociology in Medieval England and Enlightenment Spain

This authoritative and encyclopaedic reference work provides a thorough account of the public choice approach to economics and politics. The Companion breaks new ground by joining together the most important issues in the field in a single comprehensive volume. It contains state-of-the-art discussions of both old and contemporary problems, including new work by the founding fathers as well as contributions by a new generation of younger scholars. Â

Sacred Trust: The Medieval Church as an Economic Firm

American dominance of the discipline of economics in the present century is beyond dispute. In terms of Nobel prizes and the creative ideas that spawned them, academic economists working in the United States have an incomparable record. As all who study the history of economic thought know, this was not always the case. Indeed, most histories of thought, when dealing with the nineteenth century, leave the impression that little of merit was done outside the British Isles. But Alfred Marshalls Principles was not the only “basic book†of merit to be published at the crest of nineteenth-century neoclassicism. It was possibly not even the most prescient work.

Can Entrepreneurship Be “Unproductive?” Towards An Evolutionary Interpretation

“Marriage, Divorce and Prostitution: Economicc Sociology in Medieval England and Enlightenment Spain” by Robert B. Ekelund,Jr., Donald R. Street and Audrey B. Davidson. This paper studies the medieval insititutions of marriage, divorce and prostitution through the prism of the economic sociology and rent-seeking behaviour on the part of the medieval Roman Catholic Church. Regulation by Church or state-Particular prohibitions and regulation of recontracting – created costly alternatives and substitutes for low-cost recontracting of marriage vows. In addition to a brief survey of the instititional situation in medieval England, we bring to light the economic sociology of the Spaniard Francisco de Cabarrus relating to the marriage market and marital utitlity. Indirectly we suggest that exogenous restrictions in marriage markeers create unappropriated costs and the impetus for change in social institutions over time over time.