Augusto Hauber Gameiro

Modelagem e gestão das perdas no suprimento de tomates para processamento industrial

The supply of tomatoes for the manufacturing process is a quite complex activity. Everyday large amounts of vegetables and fruits to be processed need to be stored. Their perishability has to be considered and the harvest is still manual in the majority of producing areas. Evidences show the existence of high levels of losses in the supply logistic process. A mathematical model was developed with the objective of allowing better knowledge of the whole process and investigating possibilities of optimization. The simulation using the model can generate scenarios that when compared with real performances show the importance of an accurate management with evident potential of expressive financial gains in the supply chain process with the reduction of time, losses and costs. The losses of products, which are regularly more than 2%, could be reduced to less than 1% and the option of not operating at full production capacity could also lower the costs generating higher revenues. To a plant with a processing volume of 336 thousand tons per season, the improvements of the supply process could result in gains estimated in R

Administração de seguros no transporte de cargas

6 millions.

Associação de probióticos adicionados à dieta de leitões no aleitamento e na creche: índices zootécnicos e economicidade

Este trabalho analisa a administracao de seguros de carga por parte de empresas de transporte rodoviario, com enfase no tratamento do risco de roubo de cargas. Esses seguros apresentam peculiaridades que os torna, muitas vezes, instrumentos complexos. Sendo assim, as empresas acabam encontrando dificuldade na sua operacionalizacao, principalmente no atual contexto, no qual o evento roubo apresenta-se como um forte empecilho ao desempenho do setor. Ha uma evidente necessidade de revisao da gerencia de risco por parte dessas empresas. A heterogeneidade do setor exige novos produtos de seguro mais adequados as diferentes situacoes. Faz-se necessario, ainda, uma profunda revisao da relacao entre transportadores e embarcadores.

Linear Programming in the economic estimate of livestock-crop integration: application to a Brazilian dairy farm

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of probiotics association added to piglets diets in lactation and nursery. A total of 144 piglets from birth to 62 days old were raised. The design with two treatments (Control and Probiotic A) was totally randomized in lactation. In the nursery, randomized blocks with factorial arrangement 2x3 were defined: Probiotic A and Probiotic B; Control and Probiotic B; Probiotic A and Probiotic A; Control and Control; Probiotic A with challenged animals; and Control and challenged animals. At 35 days from birth 48 animals of the nursery were orally inoculated with Salmonella Typhimurium. Average weight, feed consumption, average weight gain and feed conversion were assessed. For economic analysis, the costs of diet during the nursery and income of animal’s sale were calculated. Feed consumption considered for analysis was the one related to the period of 21 to 62 days of life. No effect was observed on evaluated parameters in the maternity. Positive effect was observed on feed conversion for Probiotic A and Probiotic A treatment in nursery. In economic evaluation, Control and Probiotic B treatment showed lower cost compared to other ones, thus representing a satisfactory alternative.

Viabilidade econômico-financeira de sistemas de produção de cordeiros não desmamados em pastagem com suplementação em cocho ou pasto privativo

A linear programming mathematical model was applied to a representative dairy farm located in Brazil. The results showed that optimization models are relevant tools to assist in the planning and management of agricultural production, as well as to assist in estimating potential gains from the use of integrated systems. Diversification was a necessary condition for economic viability. A total cost reduction potential of about 30% was revealed when a scenario of lower levels of diversification was contrasted to one of higher levels. Technical complementarities proved to be important sources of economies. The possibility of reusing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium present in animal waste could be increased to 167%, while water reuse could be increased up to 150%. In addition to economic gains, integrated systems bring benefits to the environment, especially with reference to the reuse of resources. The cost dilution of fixed production factors can help economies of scope to be achieved. However, this does not seem to have been the main source of these benefits. Still, the percentage of land use could increase up to 30.7% when the lowest and the highest diversification scenarios were compared. The labor coefficient could have a 4.3 percent increase. Diversification also leads to drastic transaction cost reductions.

Índices de preço para o transporte de cargas: o caso da soja

The objective was to analyze production costs and profitability of grazing sheep productions systems under three strategies of lambs supplementation: (1) white clover on creep grazing; (2) creep feeding; and (3) not supplemented. Two methods of financial analyses where used: annual (short term) and cash flow (long term). Costs were classified into variable, fixed, operational and total. Results showed that feeding and opportunity cost over investment was the most important production factors at variable and total costs, respectively. System with creep grazing supplementation did not show greater economic financial results over creep feeding supplementation system.

Lamb Production Costs: Analyses of Composition and Elasticities Analysis of Lamb Production Costs

The purpose of this research is to analyze methodologies for calculation of price indexes for cargo freight in Brazil. The study on the most used mathematical formulas has come to the conclusion that Fisher and Walsh indexes are those which comply with most of the logical, statistical and economic principles, followed by geometric indexes, such as Tornqvist, Vartia and Theil. Laspeyres and Paasche, in spite of their limitations, are widely used in practical terms. A case study was selected to evaluate variations on possible procedures for index construction. Four treatments have been conducted. As a result, we observed that the accumulated variation of the general price level for road transportation of soybean in Brazil between February 1998 and March 2002 was 76%.

Aditivos enzimáticos na alimentação de ruminantes: estratégia para a produção animal

Since lamb is a commodity, producers cannot control the price of the product they sell. Therefore, managing production costs is a necessity. We explored the study of elasticities as a tool for basing decision-making in sheep production, and aimed at investigating the composition and elasticities of lamb production costs, and their influence on the performance of the activity. A representative sheep production farm, designed in a panel meeting, was the base for calculation of lamb production cost. We then performed studies of: i) costs composition, and ii) cost elasticities for prices of inputs and for zootechnical indicators. Variable costs represented 64.15% of total cost, while 21.66% were represented by operational fixed costs, and 14.19% by the income of the factors. As for elasticities to input prices, the opportunity cost of land was the item to which production cost was more sensitive: a 1% increase in its price would cause a 0.2666% increase in lamb cost. Meanwhile, the impact of increasing any technical indicator was significantly higher than the impact of rising input prices. A 1% increase in weight at slaughter, for example, would reduce total cost in 0.91%. The greatest obstacle to economic viability of sheep production under the observed conditions is low technical efficiency. Increased production costs are more related to deficient zootechnical indexes than to high expenses.

Viabilidade econômica de um sistema de produção de pecuária bovina sob alta lotação: uso na pesquisa e na pecuária comercial

Advances in ruminant nutrition require new strategies for manipulation of rumen fermentation, so that the beneficial effects are enhanced and the deleterious minimized or excluded. Food additives have been used as a strategy, which when added to food, retain, enhance or modify their properties, without affecting its nutritional value. The use of fibrolytic enzymes in ruminant diets has shown promising results, providing improvements in fiber degradability, production indexes and ruminal parameters. The aim of this review is to address the use of additives in ruminant diets, their advances in the last decades and compile results from studies using fibrolytic enzymes in ruminant nutrition. keywords: animal performance, fibrolytic enzyme, nutrition, probiotic, ruminal digestion

Economic evalution of loading systems for citrus destined for industrial processing.

A feasibility study was carried out to verify the economic viability of a production system lifecycle livestock production of beef cattle under high stocking. This was designed for use in research in the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sao Paulo. Therefore, was used nine scenarios - determined from the variation of prices of products sold and use of capital and resources in rural finance programs (BNDES). Was used also a scenario - considering the leasing of the area released from the intensification of production systems. The analysis method used was Cash Flow and the applied techniques were: Simple Payback, Discounted Payback, Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). The system showed to be economically viable for the scenarios that considered the maximum projection of weight meat of prices and to scenario considered that was leasing from the intensification of production systems. The use of funding via the Rural Credit Program BNDES has provided significant improvement in the values and indices used in the analysis.