Aylin Gül

Effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on wound healing of nasal mucosa in the rat: an experimental study

PURPOSE Wound healing of the nasal mucosa is a highly complex process that restores the anatomical and functional integrity of tissue that has been exposed to trauma. In this experimental study, our aim was to use histopathological examination to investigate the effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on the wound healing of rat nasal mucosa after mechanical trauma. MATERIALS AND METHODS The rats were randomly divided into 3 experimental groups: a non-treated group (n=7), a control saline group (n=7) and a caffeic acid phenethyl ester group (n=7). The non-treated group received no treatment for 15 days. The second group was administered saline (2.5 mL/kg, intraperitoneal) once a day for 15 days. The third group received caffeic acid phenethyl ester intraperitoneally at a dose of 10 μmol/kg once a day for 15 days. At the beginning of the study, unilateral mechanical nasal trauma was induced on the right nasal mucosa of all rats in the three groups using a brushing technique. Samples were stained using hematoxylin and eosin solution and were examined by a pathologist using a light microscope. RESULTS The severity of inflammation was milder in the caffeic acid phenethyl ester group compared with that in the non-treated and saline groups (P<0.05). The subepithelial thickness index was lower in the experimental group (P<0.05). Goblet cell and ciliated cell loss was substantially reduced in the experimental group compared with the non-treated and saline groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Caffeic acid phenethyl ester decreases inflammation and the loss of goblet cells and ciliated cells. Therefore, caffeic acid phenethyl ester has potential beneficial effects on the wound healing of nasal mucosa in the rat.

Radiologic and surgical findings in chronic suppurative otitis media.

Abstract Our aim in this study was to evaluate the efficiency of preoperative temporal bone computed tomography (CT) in detecting pathologic conditions in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). The intraoperative findings and temporal bone CT results of 350 patients who were diagnosed with CSOM between September 1, 2010, and June 1, 2013, were compared. Comparison parameters were as follows: the presence of cholesteatoma, erosion of the outer ear bone canal, erosion of the middle ear chain, erosion of the dural plate, erosion of the lateral semicircular canal, erosion of the sigmoid sinus wall, and dehiscence of the facial canal. The contribution of CT was limited in showing the outer ear canal destruction, dural plate destruction, facial canal destruction, lateral semicircular canal destruction, and destruction of the sigmoid sinus wall. However, CT was more sensitive in detecting cholesteatoma and erosion of the ossicular chain. These results indicate that preoperative CT of patients with CSOM serves as an important guide for otolaryngologists, although there are limitations in the evaluation of the CT results.

Myeloperoxydase activity in the pathogenesis of cholesteatoma

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of myeloperoxydase (MPO) in bone destruction in patients of chronic otitis media (COM) with cholesteatoma by immtino-histochemical staining and to conclude the possible relationship between bone destruction in patients with cholesteatoma accompanied with COM and MPO activity.MethodsThe study was conducted on a total number of 81 patients where 51 of the patients were enrolled in the “patient group” and 30 of the patients were enrolled in the “control group” whom were operated due to otitis media. MPO positivism was monitored when a cytoplasmic staining process was performed.ResultsMeanwhile, a significant difference is present at a statistically advanced level between the MPO levels of groups (p = 0.001; p < 0.01). However, MPO activity is absent in patients included in the control group or it can be observed at a very slight level. A moderate level or intense level of activity can be observed in patients enrolled in the study group. Excluding the destruction at the dura, all findings related with the middle ear and the erosion of the mastoid cavity and MPO activity indicated a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). According to the destruction at the wall of the dura bone, distribution of MPO activity did not display a statistically meaningful difference (p > 0.05).ConclusionIn this study, we investigated the relationship between MPO level and bone destruction and found a significant level of correlation among the fore said. A new era may be opened in the treatment of cholesteatoma when preoperative MPO levels are determined and adequate information is obtained related with bone erosion.

Patients with congenital choanal atresia treated by transnasal endoscopic surgery.

AbstractCongenital choanal atresia (CCA) is defined as a congenital failure in the development of communication between the nasal cavity and nasopharynx in newborns. It is the most common congenital anomaly of nose. Most of the patients presented with unilateral CCA. Neonates with bilateral CCA have severe respiratory distress after birth. Airway control with orotracheal intubation should be done immediately to save the life of neonate with bilateral CCA. After airway control, surgery should be performed as soon as possible. The aim of surgery is to create a patent nasal passage and to prevent restenosis with minimal morbidity. Transnasal endoscopic surgery of CCA has become the most popular treatment method. The retrospective review of 33 patients with CCA was presented in this study. The patients who were diagnosed at the neonate period and operated on in 6 months after birth were grouped as I (neonate). The patients who were diagnosed 6 months after birth were grouped as II (child-young adult). All patients were treated by transnasal endoscopic surgery. Stent were put in all patients to prevent restenosis. Although the restenosis rate was higher in group I (53.8%) than in group II (23.1%), it did not cause a statistically significant difference. Overall success rate of our surgical approach was 61.5%. Despite the surgical developments and many treatment modalities, restenosis is still the most challenging problem in CCA.

Managment of orbital complications of sinusitis

Purpose: We reported on the clinical approaches of ophthalmology and otorhinolaryngology departments in the treatment of the orbital complications of sinusitis. We also included an in-depth literature review. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical files of 51 patients from January 2008 to January 2014. The records were evaluated for age, gender, type of orbital complications, symptoms, predisposing factors, imaging studies, medical and surgical management, culture results, and follow-up information. SPSS version 15.0 software (Statistical Analysis, The Statistical Package for Social Sciences Inc, Chicago, IL) was used for the statistical analysis. Results: Fifty-one patients met the criteria, with available medical records, for the study (29 male, 22 female). Thirty-two (62.7%) were diagnosed with preseptal cellulitis and 19 (37.3%) with postseptal cellulitis. After a detailed evaluation, 15 were diagnosed with a subperiosteal abscess (SPA), and 4 were diagnosed with orbital cellulitis. The age and gender was similar for the two groups. Five patients with medial SPA were treated with endoscopic sinus surgery, one patient with inferior SPA was treated with external surgery, and six patients with other localizations were treated with a combination of endoscopic sinus surgery and external surgery. All patients presented with periorbital erythema and edema. The length of hospitalization and duration of symptoms were similar in both groups. Visual acuity was between 1/10 to 10/10 (mean 7/10) and statistically significant for preseptal and postseptal cellulitis groups (p<0.001). All patients received intravenous antibiotics upon the first day of admission. Conclusion: Orbital complications of acute sinusitis required intensive follow-up and a multidisciplinary approach. A contrast-enhanced paranasal sinus computerized tomography (CT) scan can detect the extent of the infection. An initial trial of intravenosus (IV) antibiotics may be appropriate when close monitoring is possible. Surgery may be indicated when there has been no improvement within 48 hours of intravenous treatment, loss of visual acuity (under 8/10), and a non-medial abscess.

Efficacy of N-Acetylcysteine on Wound Healing of Nasal Mucosa.

AbstractPostoperative nasal mucosa healing is a highly complex and organized process, and the success rates of endoscopic sinus surgery and septoplasty surgeries are closely associated with the postoperative wound healing processes. In this experimental study, the authors’ aim was to use histopathologic examination to investigate the effects of N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) on the wound healing of rat nasal mucosa after mechanical trauma. Twenty-one Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: the nontreated group (N = 7), the control saline group (N = 7), and the NAC group (N = 7). No treatment was given to the nontreated group for 15 days. The control saline group received intraperitoneal injection of saline (2.5 mL/kg, intraperitoneal) for 15 days and the NAC group was intraperitoneally injected with NAC at a dose of 300 mg/kg/day for 15 days. At the beginning of the study, unilateral mechanical nasal trauma was induced with an interdental brush inserted through the right nostril in all rats. Samples were stained using hematoxylin and eosin solution, and were examined by a pathologist using a light microscope. The severity of inflammation was milder in the NAC group compared with that in the nontreated and saline groups (P < 0.05). The subepithelial thickness index was lower in the experimental group (P < 0.05). Goblet cell loss was reduced in the experimental group compared with the nontreated and saline groups (P < 0.05). NAC decreases inflammation and goblet cell loss. Therefore, NAC has potential beneficial effects on the wound healing of nasal mucosa in rats.

An Analysis on Aerodynamic and Acoustic Changes After Thyroidectomy

The purpose of this study was to investigate the aerodynamic and acoustic changes after thyroidectomy without laryngeal nerve injury by using objective methods. Voice samples of sustained /α/ recor...

The Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Against Streptomycin Ototoxicity

DOI: 10.4328/JCAM.1250 Received: 11.08.2012 Accepted: 26.08.2012 Printed: 01.03.2014 J Clin Anal Med 2014;5(2): 97-102 Corresponding Author: Salih Bakır, Department of Otolaryngology, Dicle University Medical College and MD, Department of Physiology, Dicle University Medical College 21280, Diyarbakir, Turkey. T.: +90 4122488001/4492 F.: +90 4122488440 E-Mail: drsalihbakir@gmail.com Özet Amaç: Hiperbarik oksijen (HBO), önemli antioksidan aktivitesi nedeniyle çeşitli hastalıkların tedavisinde giderek artan oranda kullanılmakta olan bir adjuvan tedavi metodudur. Bu deneysel çalışmada streptomisine bağlı ototoksisitenin önlenmesinde HBO tedavisinin etkinliğinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Yirmi sekiz adet erişkin Wistar albino rat randomize olarak 4 gruba ayrıldı: Kontrol (n=7), streptomisin (n=7), HBO (n=7) ve streptomisin+HBO (n=7). HBO uygulanan sıçanlar basınçlı tank içine yerleştirildi ve yedi günlük bir süre içinde günde 60 dakika boyunca 2.5 mutlak atmosfer basınçta % 100 oksijen almaları sağlandı. Sıçanların işitme düzeyleri HBO uygulaması başlamadan önce ve son gün distortion product otoakustik emisyon (DPOAE) ile test edildi. 7. günde son DPOAE ölçümleri takiben genel anestezi altında tüm gruplardaki hayvanlar sakrifiye edildi. DPOAE amplitüdlerindeki farklılıklar belirlenerek işitme sonuçları istatistiksel olarak analiz edildi. Ayrıca, her sıçanın kokleası hematoksilen ve eozin (H&E) ile histopatolojik olarak ışık mikroskobu altında değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Kontrol ve HBO grubunda histopatolojik değerlendirmede koklear tüylü hücrelerin çoğunlukla korunduğu gözlendi. DPOAE sonuçlarında ise tedavi öncesi ve sonrası arasında anlamlı bir fark saptanmadı (p>0.05). Öte yandan, streptomisin ve streptomisin+HBO uygulanan sıçanlarda hem tüylü hücrelerde hemde işitme fonksiyonlarında kayıp saptandı (p<0.05). Streptomisin+HBO grubunun DPgram sonuçları, streptomisin grubunun DPgram sonuçları ile karşılaştırıldığında anlamlılık yoktu (p>0.05). Tartışma: Antioksidan özellikli HBO’nun koklear tüylü hücreler üzerinde zararlı bir etkisi gözlenmemiştir. Öte yandan, sıçanlarda oluşturulan streptomisine bağlı koklear hasara karşı da koruyucu bir etkisi olmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır.

A Case of Pneumorrhachis Due to Disc Degeneration

46 yaşında erkek hasta acil servise aynı gün 2 kez hematemezhematokezya şikayeti olması üzerine başvurdu. Travma hikayesi olmayan hastanın yapılan fizik muayenesi ve laboratuvar bulguları normaldi. Acil olarak yapılan özafagogastroduodenoskopide, özafagial ve fundal varislerin eşlik ettiği pangastrit saptandı. Hastaya yapılan intravenöz kontrastlı abdominal bilgisayarlı tomografide insidental olarak spinal kanalda ve sol nöral foramen düzeyinde ekstraspinal hava habbecikleri izlendi (Resim 1). Sagital reformat görüntüde ise L5-S1 diskinde dejeneratif değişiklikler ve komşu inferior endplate yerleşimli intraspinal hava izlendi (Resim 2). Bu bulgular ile disk dejenarasyonuna sekonder pnömoraşi tanısı konuldu. Resim 2. Sagital reformat görüntüde ise L5-S1 diskinde dejeneratif değişiklikler ve komşu inferior endplate yerleşimli intraspinal hava izlenmektedir (ok). Resim 1. Aksiyel abdominal bilgisayarlı tomografi incelemesinde intraspinal ve sol nöral foramen düzeyinde psoas kası posteriorunda hava izlenmektedir (oklar).

Retrospective Analysis of Pediatric Tracheostomy

Purpose. This paper reviews analyses for tracheostomy within our patient population over the last 6 years. Methods. We conducted a retrospective chart review of consecutive patients undergoing tracheostomy at the tertiary Dicle University Medical hospital, Turkey, from January 2006 to December 2012. Patient age, sex, emergency, planned tracheostomy, indications, complications, and decannulation time were all assessed. Results. Fifty-six (34 male, 22 female) adult Pediatric patients undergoing tracheostomy between 2006 and 2013 were investigated. The most common indication for tracheostomy was upper airway obstruction (66.7%), followed by prolonged intubation (33.3%). Mean decannulation times after tracheostomy ranged between 1 and 131 days, the difference being statistically significant (). There was no significant difference in terms of mean age (; ). There was also no statistical difference between emergency and planned tracheotomies (). Conclusion. In our patient population, there was a significant decline in the number of tracheotomies performed for prolonged intubation and an increasing number of patient tracheostomy for upper airway obstruction. According to the literature, permanent decannulation rates were slightly higher with an increase in genetic diseases such as neuromuscular disease.