Ayşegül Kubilay

DEVELOPMENT AND EFFICACY A TRIVALENT VACCINE AGAINST BACTERIAL PATHOGENS in RAINBOW TROUT, Oncorhynchus mykiss

In this study, a new trivalent vaccine was developed and evaluated the efficacy with adjuvants (Freund’s Complete Adjuvant and glucan) and non-adjuvanted vaccine in rainbow trout(20g) against to pathogens; L. garvieae, V. anguillarumand Y. ruckeri. For this purpose, four experimental groups were formed including control. The vaccine was prepared formalin-killed bacteria and then combined with adjuvants that were given into fish by intraperitoneal injection. Control fish were received only phosphate buffered saline-PBS. A booster was applied the fish which were vaccinated with a nonadjuvanted vaccine 21 days post-injection. All the groups were challenged against three pathogens at day 30, 90, 120 and 270 post vaccination. The results showed that fish had a high level of protection of pathogens in the vaccinated groups up to 9 months. The level of protection was calculated by obtaining the Relative Percent Survival (RPS). RPS was determinedas in the non adjuvanted plus a booster injected group: Y.ruckeri 96,77%, V.anguillarum 100%; L.garvieae 96,66%, Glucan: Y.ruckeri 93,54%; V.anguillarum 96,77%, L.garvieae 93,33 %, FCA :Y.ruckeri 100%, V.anguillarum 87,09 % , L.garvieae 93,33% at 270 day. The efficacy of the vaccine has been found to provide long-term protection against to three pathogens in the experimental condition.

Present Status of Bacterial Diseases of Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, in Turkey

In this review, Our aim was to determine different aspects of the most threatening bacterial diseases of rainbow trout culture in freshwater systems. In Turkey, aquaculture has started in the 1970s by farming the rainbow trout. It is one of the most important freshwater species. The recent knowledge about the value of production of rainbow trout in our country found to be 111, 335 tons in 2012 and 122,873 tons in 2013 which showed an increasing trend until 2014 by each year. Depending upon the production in intensive culture of fish has led to outbreaks of some bacterial diseases which causes economical losses in trout farms. The most important bacterial diseases reported as yersiniosis, vibriosis, motile Aeromonas septisemia, lactocococosis, flavobacteriosis. We obtained a review of the literature that focuses on the bacterial diseases which have been reported as outbreaks in rainbow trout farms up to now. When the reports evaluated Flavobacterium psyrophilum found to be most pathogenic bacteria in the rainbow trout hatcheries. The current studies on developing a vaccine and vaccination methodology to be able to prevent bacterial diseases are also addressed.

Bakırın (Cu+2) Gökkuşağı Alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum, 1792) Üzerine Akut Toksisitesi

Bu calismada bakirin gokkusagi alabaligi (Oncorhynchus mykiss) uzerine akut toksisitesinin belirlenmesi amaclanmistir. Denemelerde ortalama boylari 5.86±0,04 cm ve agirliklari 2.09±0,05 g olan gokkusagi alabaliklari kullanilmistir. Test baliklarina bakir sulfat cozulerek hazirlanan 0.0778, 0.1296, 0.216, 0.36, 0.60, 1.00, 1.667, 2.778, 4.63, 7.717 ve 12.862 mg/L +2 Cu iyonu 24-96 saat ile uygulanmistir. Denemede sicakligi 13.2 °C, sertligi 360 mg/L CaCO , cozunmus oksijeni 6.03 mg/L olan artezyen suyu kullanilmistir. Baliklar plastik kaplara 2 tekerrurlu olarak yerlestirilip, deneme gruplarinda saatlik ve gunluk olarak gozlemler yapilmis, olen balik sayilari ve olum sureleri kaydedilerek akut toksisite testi gerceklestirilmistir. Bakir akut toksisite testinde statik biyo-deney yontemi uygulanmis, 24-96 LC ve LT degerleri probit analiziyle +2 belirlenmistir. Gokkusagi alabaligi icin 96 sa Cu LC 1.054 mg/L olarak belirlenmistir. Maruz birakma suresi uzadikca LC dusmektedir. Aplikasyon faktoru (0.1) alindiginda gokkusagi alabaligi icin maksimum kabul edilebilir konsantrasyon 0.1054 +2 mg/L Cu olarak hesaplanmistir. LT konsantrasyona bagli olarak 1 sa 25 dk ile 65 sa. 31 dk arasinda degismis, konsantrasyonu azaldikca LT uzamistir. Deneme suresince konsantrasyonlara bagli olarak baliklarda yuzeyde toplanma, ters ve yan yuzme, hizli ve kontrolsuz yuzme, suyun disina kacma hareketleri, su yuzeyine dik yuzmeler, su yuzeyine yaklasip soluma hareketleri gozlemlenmistir. Diger baliklarla yapilan calismalarin sonuclariyla kiyaslandiginda gokkusagi alabaliginin bakir toksisitesine bircok baliktan daha dayanikli oldugu gorulmustur.