Azman Jalar

Effect of silicate-based corrosion inhibitor from rice husk ash on aluminum alloy in 0.5M HCl

Silicate-based corrosion inhibitor prepared by treating silica powder extracted from rice husk ash with concentrated alkaline. The electrochemical behavior of the Al 6061 immersed in 0.5 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) has been studied using the measurements of weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization and optical or scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that, the optimum concentration of silicate-based corrosion inhibitor was prominent at 5 ppm. The small addition of silicate-based corrosion inhibitor was exhibited the decreasing of the weight loss of Al 6061 in acidic medium. SEM micrograph proved that the morphology of untreated Al 6061 with silicate-base corrosion inhibitor contributes more corrosion attack on sample compared to that treated Al 6061. The purpose of this research is to understand the effect of silicate-based corrosion inhibitor concentration yielded from rice husk ash on aluminum alloy.

The inhibition of carbon steel corrosion by lignin in HCl and H2SO4

The inhibition of carbon steel corrosion by lignin in two different acid solutions, 1 M HCl and 1 M H2SO4 have been investigated via weight loss methods in varying temperatures of 40, 50 and 60 °C. With the addition of lignin, carbon steel showed less corrosion attack in HCl medium compared to H2SO4. The use of lignin showed the different inhibition effect in varying temperature especially in H2SO4. The influence of anion in both acid solutions, temperature and the dependency of lignin concentration were discussed.

Investigation of SiO2:Na2O ratio as a corrosion inhibitor for metal alloys

The silicate is one of the potential compounds used as a corrosion inhibitor for metal alloys. The mixture between silica and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) succeeded to produce the silicate product. The formulation of a silicate product normally variable depended by the different ratio of SiO2:Na2O. This research utilized the agriculture waste product of paddy using its rice husk. In this study, the amorphous silica content in rice husk ash was used after rice husk burnt in a muffle furnace at a certain temperature. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was done to determine the existence of amorphous phase of silica in the rice husk ash. There are several studies that recognized rice husk as an alternative source that obtained high silica content. The X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis was carried out to clarify the percentage amount of Si and O elements, which referred the silica compound in rice husk ash. The preparation of sodium silicate formulation were differ based on the SiO2:Na2O ratio (SiO2:Na2O ratio =...

Oxidation behaviour of ferritic stainless steel grade Crofer 22 APU at 700 °C in flowing Ar−75%CO2−12%H2O

The oxidation of Ferritic Stainless Steel (FSS) grade Crofer 22 APU has been investigated. FSS alloys were exposed to isothermal conditions in a horizontal tube furnace at a 700 °C in flowing Ar−75%CO2−12%H2O at a pressure of approximately 1 atm. The results showed that the growth of non protective Fe2O3 and spinel was observed after 50 h exposure in the presence of 12% H2O. The weight was increased significantly with time of exposure. The formation of different oxides is presented on the interface of the specimen such as MnCr2O4, Fe3O4 and Fe2O3 were revealed by X-ray diffraction and supported by EDAX analysis. FSS did not form a protective Cr2O3 layer due to water vapour accelerates the kinetics oxidation. Data of microstructure observation is presented and discussed in this paper in term of water vapour effects.

Influence of temperature on corrosion inhibition for carbon steel by rice straw extract in HCl solution: Synergistic effect of cationic surfactant

The corrosion inhibitive effects of rice straw extract (RSE) for carbon steel in 1 M HCl solution was investigated. Weight loss method and potentiodynamic polarization was used to study the inhibition efficiency of cationic surfactant, benzalkonium chloride (BKC) additives into rice straw extract corrosion inhibitor. Inhibition efficiency was determined by comparing the inhibition efficiency in the absence and presence of additives. The corrosion inhibition efficiency was found to increase with surfactant concentration and decreased with increasing temperature which is due to the fact that, the rate of carbon steel corrosion was higher than the rate of adsorption of inhibitor molecules. The inhibiting action of the rice straw extract was considerably enhanced by the addition of cationic surfactant. The results obtained from weight loss analysis are in direct agreement with tafel polarization studies. Tafel polarization data indicated that a combination of RSE and BKC acts as a mixed - type inhibitor.

Inhibitive effects of palm kernel oil on carbon steel corrosion by alkaline solution

The behavior of carbon steel SAE 1045 in 1 M NaOH solution containing different concentrations of palm kernel oil (PKO) has been studied by weight loss and polarization measurement. Results showed that the corrosion of carbon steel in NaOH solution was considerably reduced in presence of such inhibitors. The inhibition efficiency increases when concentration of inhibitor increase. Maximum inhibition efficiency (≈ 96.67%) is obtained at PKO concentration 8 v/v %. This result revealed that palm kernel oil can act as a corrosion inhibitor in an alkaline medium. Corrosion rates of carbon steel decrease as the concentration of inhibitor is increased.

Synthesis of CdS Nanoparticles via AOT-Water-n-Heptane Microemulsion Technique

The aim of the study was to synthesis the CdS nanoparticles via AOT-water-n-heptane microemulsion technique. Ternary phase diagram was constructed to obtain the concentration range of oil, surfactant and water. Three main phases form on the ternary phase diagram of AOT-water-n-heptane, which were gel, cloudy and clear phases. The clear phase was heptane rich region. Meanwhile, cloudy phase have consisted two phases and the gel phase was due to high concentration of AOT. The result showed that clear phase region shrink when the Cd2+ and S2-solvent was added or replaced the water component of the tertiary system.The existence of CdS nanoparticles with average size of 14.0 nm has been calculated by using UV-Vis Spectrometry meanwhile the TEM image showed that the size of CdS nanoparticles was about 49-89 nm. It also have concluded that the same concentration at solvents Cd2+ and S2- does not effected the size of nanoparticles.

The Performance of Nanosilicate from Rice Husk Ash as Green Corrosion Inhibitor for Carbon Steel in 0.5M HCl

Nanosilica powder produced from rice husk ash (RHA) via NaOH treatment has particle size in the range of 10-20 nm as revealed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The inhibitive action of nanosilicate from RHA on the corrosion of carbon steel SAE1045 in 0.5M HCl solution was studied using weight loss and potentio dynamic polarization methods. Result shows that the inhibition efficiency was increased with increasing of the inhibitor concentration. Nanosilicate was tremendously effective on carbon steel; exhibiting high inhibition efficiency attained 99%at optimum concentration of 175 ppm. Pitting was not observed on surface of carbon steel when the inhibitor was present. This finding was confirmed from surface morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Effect of nanoindentation loading rate on gold ball bond

Nanoindentation tests with loading rates of 0.05 mN/s, 0.1 mN/s, 0.5 mN/s, and 1.0 mN/s were conducted on the Au ball bond. The effect of different loading on the Au ball bond were analysed based on qualitative and quantitative results. The displacement burst was more pronounced with the increment of loading rates. The increase of hardness value and the decrease of the reduced modulus value when the loading rate was increased are due to the effect of creep. It was found that the loading rate of 0.5 mN/s is the appropriate and stable value for the nanoindentation test on the Au ball bond.

Synthesis and Characterization of Grape-Like SnO2 Structures Grown by a Thermal Evaporation Method

Grape-like tin dioxide (SnO2) structures have been grown on p-type silicon (Si(100)) substrate synthesized by thermal evaporation of tin (Sn) without use of metal catalyst. The experiment were conducted in a three-zone tube furnace at a constant temperature of 1080°C,under 1.6% of oxygen (O2) gas in an atmospheric ambient with a controlled flow rate of 1.0L/min. The prepared SnO2 film was characterized by using X-ray diffraction diffractometer (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX) and photoluminescence (PL) measurement. The grape-like SnO2 structures were highly crystalline with particle size (resemble grape fruit) ranging from 120-550 nm and diameter of wire (resemble grape stem) around 120-160 nm.The PL spectrum of the grape-like SnO2 structures exhibits a broad visible light emission with a peak centered at around 623 nm, corresponding to 1.99 eV and usual near band edge emission of SnO2 is not observed.