B. F. Kirillov

Development, production, and investigation of PMMA-based X-ray compound refractive lenses

Equipment and technology for producing X-ray refractive lenses from polymethyl methacrylate are described. Each single lens has a spherical profile with a radius of 2.38 mm. A compound lens is composed of 235 single lenses. The focal length of the compound lens for 14-keV X-ray photons is 4.8 m. The lenses developed thereby have been tested on the synchrotron radiation source of the Scientific and Engineering Complex at the Kurchatov Centre of Synchrotron Radiation and Nanotechnologies. The advantages and the drawbacks of the parabolic and spherical lenses are discussed.

Debye-Scherrer diffraction in the backscattering geometry at the Kurchatov Synchrotron Radiation source. Part 1. Characterization of the method

A technique for Debye-Scherrer diffraction in the backscattering geometry is developed at the Kurchatov Synchrotron Radiation source. It is shown that the sensitivity of the method to a relative change in the lattice constant is higher by two orders of magnitude than that in the forward-scattering geometry. The requirements for experimental apparatus are discussed.

Debye-scherrer diffraction in the backscattering geometry at the kurchatov synchrotron radiation source: Part 2. Equipment, pilot experiments, and data processing

Equipment is constructed, a technique is developed, and experimental results on Debye-Scherrer diffraction in the backscattering geometry are obtained. A special program for diffraction ring processing is developed. The prospects for use of this technique for materials science purposes are discussed.

Multipurpose synchrotron spectrometer of the Kurchatov Institute: Part 2. X-ray fluorescent element analysis

The performance of the Kurchatov Institute’s multiporpose synchrotron spectrometer is diversified by adding the equipment for the X-ray fluorescent element analysis. The X-ray optical focusing system of the spectrometer is described. The analysis results for the copper, lead, and gold-nanofilm samples are reported.

Multipurpose synchrotron spectrometer of the Kurchatov Institute: Part 3. Diffraction in Debye–Scherrer geometry

The performance of a multipurpose synchrotron spectrometer is diversified by installing additional equipment for the studies of diffraction in the Debye–Scherrer geometry. The design of X-ray optics and technical characteristics of the spectrometer are described. Diffraction patterns for polycrystals detected in both the forward and backward hemispheres are illustrated.

Multifunctional synchrotron spectrometer of the National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”: I. EXAFS in dispersive mode

The improved X-ray optical scheme, the system of registration, and the measurement procedure of the multifunctional synchrotron radiation spectrometer in the dispersive EXAFS mode are described. The results of the spectrometer energy resolution measurements are given. The advantages and disadvantages of traditional and dispersive EXAFS spectrometers are analyzed. Examples of EXAFS spectra measured in the dispersive mode are given.

Capabilities of coupling dissimilar computer codes

A method for automatically controlling commercial computer codes is described. The coupling of the automation system of the EXAFS spectrometer controlled by a DOS-operated computer that we developed and the commercial program of a semiconductor-detector control installed on a Windows-operated computer is given as the example. The described complex system is used for the automation of the intermediate processing of amplitude spectra while measuring EXAFS spectra at the Kurchatov Synchrotron Radiation Source.

Processing of amplitude spectra in measurements with ionizing radiation by low energy resolution detectors

A method using intermediate processing of amplitude (energy) spectra is described. The method is an alternative to the known differential discrimination method, which is widely applied in measurements of EXAFS spectra and in Mössbauer and diffraction measurements. The method is efficient in cases in which the radiation spectrum contains lines poorly resolved in the used detector. For example, if weak fluorescence of a low-concentration impurity is detected in a sample against the background of intense fluorescence of the matrix, the described method allows one to noticeably improve the quality of the obtained information.

Determination of the Electron Beam Size at the Kurchatov Synchrotron Radiation Source Using an Edge Screen

The electron beam size of the 2.5-GeV storage ring of the Kurchatov Synchrotron Radiation Source was measured using a fixed edge screen. The obtained vertical beam size of 190 μm and the corresponding calculated value of 198 μm (for 2% betatron coupling) almost coincide within the experimental error.

Microanalysis station at the Kurchatov synchrotron radiation source

The REFRA station developed, fabricated, and put into operation at the Kurchatov Synchrotron Radiation Center is described. The station is placed on beamline 5.6 of the big storage ring. The station consists of a vertical beam position monitor, an operating shutter, vertical and horizontal slits for the white beam, a monochromator, an alignment stage, an intensity monitor, an EXAFS spectrometer unit, a diffractometer unit, detectors, and a data control and acquisition system. The station operating energy range is 5–30 keV. The station is fully-automated and has been operating with the SR beam since spring 2005. The station units can be reproducibly mounted on the SR beam to provide various research configurations.