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Dive into the research topics where B. P. Forster is active.

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Featured researches published by B. P. Forster.


Theoretical and Applied Genetics | 1995

Detection of quantitative trait loci for agronomic, yield, grain and disease characters in spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

W. T. B. Thomas; W. Powell; Robbie Waugh; K. J. Chalmers; U. M. Barua; P. Jack; V. Lea; B. P. Forster; J. S. Swanston; R. P. Ellis; P.R. Hanson; Reg Lance

Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) have been revealed for characters in a segregating population from a spring barley cross between genotypes adapted to North-West Europe. Transgressive segregation was found for all the characters, which was confirmed by the regular detection of positive and negative QTLs from both parents. A QTL for all the agronomic, yield and grain characters measured except thousand grain weight was found in the region of the denso dwarfing gene locus. There were considerable differences between the location of QTLs found in the present study and those found in previous studies of North American germ plasm, revealing the diversity between the two gene pools. Thirty-one QTLs were detected in more than one environment for the 13 characters studied, although many more were detected in just one environment. Whilst biometrical analyses suggested the presence of epistasis in the genetic control of some characters, there was little evidence of interactions between the QTLs apart from those associated with yield. QTLs of large effect sometimes masked the presence of QTLs of smaller effect.


Plant and Soil | 2003

Salinity induced differences in growth, ion distribution and partitioning in barley between the cultivar Maythorpe and its derived mutant Golden Promise

Wenxue Wei; Paul Bilsborrow; Paul Hooley; Daron A. Fincham; Enzo Lombi; B. P. Forster

Dry matter changes and ion partitioning in two near isogenic barley cultivars Maythorpe (relatively salt sensitive) and Golden Promise (relatively salt tolerant) were studied in response to increasing salinity. Although the growth of both cultivars was significantly reduced by exposure to NaCl, the effect was greater in Maythorpe, whilst Golden Promise maintained an increased ratio of young to old leaf blade. Golden Promise maintained significantly lower Na+ concentrations in young expanding tissues compared with Maythorpe. Partitioning of Cl− was evident in that both varieties maintained lower Cl− concentrations in mesophyll than in epidermal cells. Golden Promise maintained higher K+/Na+ and Ca2+/Na+ ratios in young leaf blade and young sheath tissues than Maythorpe when exposed to salt. Differences in ion partitioning and the maintenance of higher K+ and Ca2+ to Na+ ratios, especially in young growing and recently expanded tissues, would appear to be important mechanisms contributing to the improved salt tolerance of Golden Promise.


Plant Molecular Biology | 2002

Analysis of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in wild barley from the Fertile Crescent: associations with ecology, geography and flowering time

Victor Ivandic; Christine A. Hackett; Eviatar Nevo; Richard Keith; W. T. B. Thomas; B. P. Forster

Wild barley, Hordeum spontaneum C. Koch, is the progenitor of cultivated barley, Hordeum vulgare. The centre of diversity is in the Fertile Crescent of the Near East, where wild barley grows in a wide range of conditions (temperature, water availability, day length, etc.). The genetic diversity of 39 wild barley genotypes collected from Israel, Turkey and Iran was studied with 33 SSRs of known map location. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) was performed to partition the genetic variation present within from the variation between the three countries of origin. Using classification tree analysis, two (or three) specific SSRs were identified which could correctly classify most of the wild barley genotypes according to country of origin. Associations of SSR variation with flowering time and adaptation to site-of-origin ecology and geography were investigated by two contrasting statistical approaches, linear regression based on SSR length variation and linear regression based on SSR allele class differences. A number of SSRs were significantly associated with flowering time under four different growing regimes (short days, long days, unvernalised and vernalised). Most of the associations observed could be accounted for by close linkage of the SSR loci to earliness per se genes. No associations were found with photoperiodic and vernalisation response genes known to control flowering in cultivated barley suggesting that different genetic factors may be active in wild barley. Novel genomic regions controlling flowering time in wild barley were detected on chromosomes 1HS, 2HL, 3HS and 4HS. Associations of SSRs with site-of-origin ecological and geographic data were found primarily in genomic regions determining plant development. This study shows that the analyses of SSR variation by allele class and repeat length are complementary, and that some SSRs are not necessarily selectively neutral.


Heredity | 1990

Chromosome location of genes controlling tolerance to salt (NaCl) and vigour in Hordeum vulgare and H. chilense

B. P. Forster; M S Phillips; T E Miller; E Baird; W. Powell

Wheat/Hordeum vulgare and wheat/H. chilense disomic chromosome addition lines have been used to locate genes influencing tolerance to salt to specific chromosomes of the H and Hch genomes of H. vulgare and H. chilense respectively. The addition lines were grown in hydroculture containing either 0 mol m−3, 175 mol m−3 or 200 mol m−3 sodium chloride. Various growth and yield parameters were measured and comparisons were made both between species and between chromosomes. Plat vigour was found to have a major effect on tolerance to salt in the wheat/H. vulgare addition lines. Vigorous genotypes, in control conditions generally performed well in saline conditions. However, significant interactions between genotype and salt concentration were found and this indicated specific chromosomes with positive and negative effects. Genes with positive effects for salt tolerance were located to chromosomes 4H and 5H of H. vulgare and 1Hch, 4Hch and 5Hch of H. chilense. The genetic control of salt tolerance is discussed.


Euphytica | 2002

Mutation genetics of salt tolerance in barley: An assessment of Golden Promise and other semi-dwarf mutants

B. P. Forster

A review of research at the Scottish Crop Research Institute (SCRI) on the effects of semi-dwarfing genes on salt tolerance in barley is given. Work began in1993 with the fortuitous and unexpected result that the cultivar ‘Golden Promise’ showed considerable tolerance to salt. Golden Promise is a gamma-ray induced semi-dwarf mutant of the cultivar ‘Maythorpe’. The parent and mutant cultivars are presumed to be isogenic, but show significant differences in their responses to salt stress. The positive and pleiotropic effects of the mutant gene, commonly known as GPert were found to be effective in a number of genetic backgrounds. Earlier, in 1991 Frackowiak showed that the GPert mutation was allelic to the ari-e mutants in barley. The ari-emutants were salt tested and found to show the same positive responses to salt stress as Golden Promise. This supported the allelism tests, and consequently the GPert symbol was changed to ari-e.GP. The semi-dwarf mutant sdw1 (also known as denso) and the erectoides semi-dwarf mutant,ert-k32 were also tested for their effects on tolerance to salt, but did not show any positive effects. Salt tolerance was therefore not a general phenomenon of semi-dwarf stature but specific to mutations at the Ari-e locus in these lines. Genetic markers (RAPDs, AFLPs and SSRs) have been used for fingerprinting, genetic mapping, and QTL analysis. The markers have helped 1) confirm the isogenic relationship between Maythorpe and Golden Promise, 2)clarify the confusion over the pedigree of Golden Promise, and 3) genetically map the ari-e.GPlocus and examine its pleiotropic effects.


Planta | 1997

Shoot δ15N correlates with genotype and salt stress in barley

Linda L. Handley; David Robinson; B. P. Forster; R. P. Ellis; C. M. Scrimgeour; D.C. Gordon; Eviatar Nevo; John A. Raven

Given a uniform N source, the δ15N of barley shoots provided a genotypic range within treatments and a separation between control and salt-stress treatments as great as did δ13C*. Plant δ15N has been represented in the literature as a bioassay of external source δ15N and used to infer soil N sources, thus precluding consideration of the plant as a major cause in determining its own 815N. We believe this to be the first report of plant δ15N as a genetic trait. No mechanistic model is needed for use of δ15N as a trait in controlled studies; however, a qualitative model is suggested for further testing.


Theoretical and Applied Genetics | 1992

Characterization of rust-resistant wheat-Agropyron intermedium derivatives by C-banding, in situ hybridization and isozyme analysis

Bernd Friebe; F. J. Zeller; Yasuhiko Mukai; B. P. Forster; P. Bartos; R. A. McIntosh

SummaryChromosome constitutions of three wheat-Agropyron intermedium derivatives were identified by C-banding analysis, in situ hybridization using biotin-labeled genomic Ag. intermedium DNA as a probe and isozyme analysis. Lines W44 and W52 were identified as 7Ai-2(7D) and 7Ai-2(7A) chromosome substitution lines carrying the same chromosome pair of Ag. intermedium. The alien chromosome was found to be homoeologous to group 7 based on C-banding, meiotic pairing and isozyme analyses. Line W49 was identified as a wheat Ag. intermedium chromosome translocation line. The breakpoint of the T2AS · 2AL-7Ai-2L translocation is located in the long arm at a fraction length of 0.62, and the transferred Ag. intermedium segment has a size of about 2.4 μm. Lines W44 and W52 expressed Ag. intermedium genes for resistance to leaf rust, stripe rust and stem rust, but only leaf rust resistance was expressed in W49. The results show that the leaf rust resistance gene(s), designated Lr38, is located in the distal half of the long arm of chromosome 7Ai-2, whereas the genes for resistance to stem rust and stripe rust are located either in the short arm or in the proximal region of the long arm of this chromosome.


Theoretical and Applied Genetics | 1991

The inheritance of genetic markers in microspore-derived plants of barley Hordeum vulgare L.

D. M. Thompson; K. J. Chalmers; Robbie Waugh; B. P. Forster; W. T. B. Thomas; P. D. S. Caligari; W. Powell

SummaryBiochemical, molecular and morphological markers have been used to monitor the segregation of alleles at major gene loci in microspore-derived lines of four spring barley crosses and their parents. Significant deviations from the expected Mendelian ratios were observed for four of the ten markers studied in the cross. Distorted ratios were associated with loci located on chromosomes 4H and 6H. The differential transmission of alleles was in favour of the responsive parent (Blenheim) used in the anther culture studies. For the α-Amy-1 locus on chromosome 6H, the preferential transmission of Blenheim alleles was most pronounced in the haploid regenerants that were colchicine treated. These results are discussed in relation to the genetic control of androgenetic response in barley and with respect to the exploitation of another culture in barley improvement.


Euphytica | 2003

A high-throughput DNA extraction method for barley seed

Rebecka von Post; Lars von Post; Christophe Dayteg; Marie Nilsson; B. P. Forster; Stine Tuvesson

A non-destructive, quick DNA extraction method for barley seed is described. The method is simple and consists of drilling out a sample from the seed, adding sodium hydroxide, heating in a microwave oven and neutralizing with Tris-HCl. The seed DNA extract can be used directly for PCR with extra cycles added to the PCR programme compared to PCR programmes used for leaf extracts. This protocol was developed in particular for a micro satellite marker genetically linked to barley yellow mosaic virus resistance, but it can be applied toother markers of interest for barley breeding. The quick seed extraction protocol makes it possible to handle thousands of samples per day. Extraction of DNA from seed also facilitates transfer of plant material compared to the long-distance transfer of leaf samples.


Euphytica | 2007

Doubled haploidy and induced mutation

Iwona Szarejko; B. P. Forster

Doubled haploid (DH) systems have many attractive features for inducing and fixing mutations. Doubled haploidy provides the fastest route to homozygosity with the greatest fidelity. The ability to fix mutations via doubled haploidy is a key factor, especially as induced mutations␣are predominantly recessive and cannot normally be detected until the M2 generation at the earliest. The DH systems themselves provide an opportunity to target haploid as well as doubled haploid cells for mutation treatment and capture the mutation in a homozygous, pure line.

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W. Powell

National Institute of Agricultural Botany

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R. P. Ellis

Scottish Crop Research Institute

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D.C. Gordon

Scottish Crop Research Institute

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Linda L. Handley

Scottish Crop Research Institute

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