Belísia Lúcia Moreira Toscano Diniz

Comportamento de mudas de nim à salinidade da água em solo não salino com biofertilizante

An experiment was carried out in greenhouse during the period January to April 2010, at Center of Agricultural Sciences of the Federal University of Paraiba, in Areia, Paraiba State, Brazil, in order to evaluate the effects of saline water and bovine biofertilizer on the seedling growth of Indian neem. The substrate was material of a non-saline soil collected in depth of 0-20 cm. The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design using a 5 x 2 factorial, referring to salinity levels of irrigation water of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 dS m-1, with and without bovine biofertilizer applied to the soil only once after dilution with water (1:1), a day before sowing, in volume corresponding to 10% of the substrate. At 86 days after emergence of seedlings the plant growth in height and principal root length, diameter of stem and root, leaf number and dry mass of roots and shoots of plants were evaluated. The salinity of irrigation water increased the salinity levels in the substrate inhibiting the growth in height, stem diameter, leaf emission by plants, diameter and length of principal root and the dry matter production of roots and aerial parts (leaves + stem) of neem, but with less pronounced decrease in plants under the treatments with bovine biofertilizer.

Mudas de oiticica irrigadas com águas salinas no solo com biofertilizante bovino e potássio

An experiment was carried out during the period of March to July of 2012 in the Agrarian Science Center of Federal University of Paraiba, Areia, Paraiba State, Brazil, in order to evaluate the initial growth of Licania rigida plants by height, stem diameter, leaf area, total chlorophyll content and biomass of the roots and of the aerial parts of the plants as function of water salinity and bovine biofertilizer and with potassium in the soil. Treatments were arranged in entirely randomized design, with six replicates, in factorial scheme 5 x 2 x 2, corresponding to waters with electrical conductivity of 0.5; 1.5; 3.0; 4.5 and 6.0 dS m-1 in soil without and with 300 mL of bovine biofertilizer applied one time on soil surface, and without and with 1.4 g of potassium chloride. The increment of salinity in irrigation water inhibited the growth and the quality of the seedlings, but with more loss in plants of the treatments without bovine biofertilizer and without potassium chloride. The plants cultivated in soil with potassium showed better growth in relation these of the treatments without the mineral fertilizer.

Componentes de produção de mamona em função de níveis de adubação nitrogenada e desfolha

Objetivou-se com esse trabalho, avaliar os componentes de crescimento e producao da mamoneira submetida a adubacao nitrogenada combinada com desfolha artificial da planta. O experimento foi conduzido na Estacao Experimental da Empresa Estadual Agropecuaria da Paraiba (Emepa-PB) localizada no municipio de Alagoinha-PB, entre os meses de abril e outubro de 2009. Foram utilizados cinco niveis de N-fertilizante (00-30-60-90-120 kg ha-1) combinados com quatro niveis de desfolha artificial (00-20-40-60%), distribuidos no delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repeticoes em arranjo fatorial 5 x 4. Foram avaliadas altura de planta, diâmetro caulinar, numero de nos, massa de 100 graos e produtividade de graos. As variaveis de crescimento aumentam com os niveis de N-fertilizante nos niveis de desfolha de ate 20%. A partir desse nivel, ha tendencia de maior crescimento vegetativo com a aplicacao de menores doses de nitrogenio. A massa de 100 graos e a produtividade de graos aumentam com doses menores que 120 kg ha-1 de N-fertilizante em niveis de desfolha de ate 40%, mostrando que ha correlacao positiva entre essas variaveis de producao da mamoneira. A desfolha artificial quando combinada com adubacao nitrogenada provoca alteracoes nos componentes de crescimento e de producao da mamoneira, sendo importante avaliar ate que ponto e economicamente viavel a aplicacao do N-fertilizante e a possibilidade do uso de fontes alternativas desse nutriente.

Esterco bovino e potássio na composição mineral de plantas de noni

Noni fruit has been used since antiquity for treatment of many diseases such as allergy, arthritis, asthma, cancer, depression, diabetes, digestion, hypertension, and insomnia and is used as food supplement. Although these properties and its intercontinental adaptability, information about nutrient exigency and crop management is still little frequent in international and national literature. In this direction an experiment was carried out, during the period of July/2009 to July/2010, in Sao Luis, Maranhao state, Brazil, in order to evaluate effects of manure and potassium fertilization of the soil on mineral composition in leaves dry matter of noni plants. The treatments were arranged in randomized blocks 2 x 4 referring to absence and presence potassium fertilization (130 kg ha-1 K2O) in soil with bovine manure levels (0, 1.7, 6.6 e 11.6 kg plant-1) applied in the area of plant projection . From the results, except in calcium and magnesium, the interaction bovine manure x K2O proportioned increment on the content of other macro and micronutrients in dry matter leaf of noni plants. The establishment of levels interpreting nutrient content suitable for noni is needed to assist the discussions of future studies of fertilization and crop nutrition.

Água salina e biofertilizante bovino na produção de frutos e alocação de biomassa em noni (Morinda citrifolia L.)

Organic compounds have shown to exercise a mitigating action on salts in plants and they promote growth and development in salt stress environments. In this sense, an experiment was carried out in order to evaluate the effects of saline water irrigation and bovine biofertilizer on yield and biomass allocation by the various organs of noni plants. Treatments were arranged in a randomized block design with four replications and two plants per plot using the 5 x 2 factorial design, which correspond to the salinity levels of irrigation water of 0.5, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 dS m-1 in substrates with and without bovine biofertilizer, applied to the soil once, in the volume corresponding to 10% of the volume of the substrate one day before the implementation of the experiment. The variables evaluated were soil salinity, expressed as electrical conductivity of the soil saturation extract, fruit number, fruit weight and fruit yield per plant, and biomass allocation by roots, stems, leaves and fruit. The increasing salinity of the water for irrigation increased the saline character of the soil from non-saline to saline soil and inhibited the production and accumulation of dry biomass in noni plants in general but with more intensity in the plants of the treatments without bovine biofertilizer applied to the soil in liquid form. The biofertilizer stimulates the growth and production of noni plants grown under irrigation with high salinity water.

EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL E A AGROECOLOGIA: UMA PRÁTICA INOVADORA NO PROCESSO EDUCATIVO NO EDUCANDARIO APRENDENDO A APRENDER, BANANEIRAS-PB

A educacao ambiental e o principal instrumento para moldar esta nova forma de ver e de sentir o mundo ao nosso redor. Desta forma objetivou- se trabalhar a educacao ambiental e a agroecologia de forma precisa, enfatizando o lixo como um dos principais problemas ambientais da atualidade atraves da sensibilizacao dos educandos. O trabalho foi realizado no Educandario Aprendendo a Aprender, na turma do 5o ano do ensino fundamental, consistindo na exposicao de aulas teorica, evidenciando o uso de dinâmicas, seguida de praticas com oficinas de reciclagem, e aplicacao de questionarios semiestruturado. Constatou-se que a educacao ambiental e a agroecologia e hoje o instrumento eficaz e necessario para a sensibilizacao dos educandos, permitindo criar e aplicar formas sustentaveis de interacoes com a natureza. Esta possibilitou a visualizacao do nivel de conhecimentos dos entrevistados e seu posterior compromisso com os recursos ambientais.

Cattle manure and potassium in the mineral composition of noni plants

Noni fruit has been used since antiquity for treatment of many diseases such as allergy, arthritis, asthma, cancer, depression, diabetes, digestion, hypertension, and insomnia and is used as food supplement. Although these properties and its intercontinental adaptability, information about nutrient exigency and crop management is still little frequent in international and national literature. In this direction an experiment was carried out, during the period of July/2009 to July/2010, in Sao Luis, Maranhao state, Brazil, in order to evaluate effects of manure and potassium fertilization of the soil on mineral composition in leaves dry matter of noni plants. The treatments were arranged in randomized blocks 2 x 4 referring to absence and presence potassium fertilization (130 kg ha-1 K2O) in soil with bovine manure levels (0, 1.7, 6.6 e 11.6 kg plant -1) 1 Engenheiro Agronomo, Dr., Professor da Unidade de Estudos de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual do Maranhao, Cidade Universitaria Paulo VI, Bairro Sao Cristovao, Caixa-postal 09, CEP 65000-000, Sao Luis (MA), Brasil. jjj_mendes@hotmail.com 2 Engenheiro Agronomo, Dr., Professor do Programade PosGraduacao em Agronomia, Centro de Ciencias Agrarias, Univiersidade Federal da Paraiba, Campus II, Cidade Univiersitaria, Rodovia BR 079, Km 12, CEP 58397-000, Areia (PB), Brasil. lofeca@cca.ufpb.br 3 Engenheiro Agronomo, Professor do Instituto Federal de Educacao, Ciencia e Tecnologia do Ceara, Campus Tiangua, Rodovia CE 187, CEP 62320-000, Tiangua (CE), Brasil. adeilson.nascimento@ifce.edu.br 4 Engenheira Agronoma, Dra., Professora do Centro de Ciencias Humanas Sociais e Agrarias, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Campus III, Cidade universitaria, CEP 58220-000, Bananeiras (PB), Brasil. belisia.diniz@gmail.com 5 Engenheiro Agronomo, Doutorando do Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Fitotecnia, Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Cidade Universitaria, CEP 36570-000, Vicosa (MG), Brasil. gusluso@hotmail.com Recebido para publicacao em 22/05/2012 e aceito em 23/05/2013