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Dive into the research topics where Bernhard Nauck is active.

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Featured researches published by Bernhard Nauck.


Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology | 2001

Intercultural Contact and Intergenerational Transmission in Immigrant Families

Bernhard Nauck

The impact of intergenerational transmission processes on the intercultural contact and ethnic identification of second generation adolescents is studied in five different groups of migrant families: Italian, Greek, and Turkish work migrants, German repatriates from Russia, and Russian Jewish immigrants in Israel. In each group, 400 same-sex dyads of parents and adolescents were interviewed by means of a standardized questionnaire in the language of origin or of the receiving society. Four possible outcomes of intercultural contact are distinguished: integration, assimilation, segregation, and marginalization. An explanatory model is proposed that systematically relates these possible outcomes to the availability of social and cultural capital in migrant families and to intergenerational transmission processes. The empirical analysis using structural equation modeling compares the results for each migrant group. It reveals considerable variability between migrant groups that cannot be explained by classical assimilation theory, thus demonstrating the adequacy of the suggested model.


Current Sociology | 2007

The Varying Value of Children Empirical Results from Eleven Societies in Asia, Africa and Europe

Bernhard Nauck; Daniela Klaus

Using data from the Value of Children (VOC) replication study in 2002/3, the value of children for their parents is investigated cross-culturally for different age groups in 11 countries (South Korea, Peoples Republic of China, Indonesia, India, Palestine, Israel, Turkey, South Africa, Ghana, Germany and the Czech Republic). As a prerequisite, the cross-national equivalence of the VOC measurement is established in calculating the overall and the particular country-specific factorial structures. The analysis results in a three-dimensional structure of the VOC, namely comfort, social esteem and affect. This structure is replicated for every national group, and the resulting scales are of high internal consistency as revealed by the respective alpha coefficients. Additionally, the data are also tested for culture-specific response styles, for which the final VOC comparisons are controlled by means of a bias index. The findings indicate childrens importance for comfort and esteem to be highest in high-fertility countries with lineage-based kinship systems and low affluence, while it is lowest in low-fertility countries with high affluence and a state-based insurance system. Affect is very high across all countries with only minor variations.


Journal of Family Issues | 2009

The Impact of Familial and Environmental Factors on the Adjustment of Immigrants A Longitudinal Study

Vered Slonim-Nevo; Julia Mirsky; Ludmila Rubinstein; Bernhard Nauck

This study examined the impact of family interaction, perceived discrimination, stressful life events, and the hosting country on the adjustment of Israeli and German immigrants. Results show that changes in self-esteem between the 1st year of immigration and 2 and 4 years later were significantly related to family relations: the better the functioning, the greater the improvement. The patterns of relationships in the family, however, only partially explained changes in psychological well-being and language proficiency. Perceived discrimination explained discrepancies over time in psychological well-being among fathers and adolescents and the discrepancies in language proficiency among mothers: the lower the discrimination, the greater the improvement. Adult immigrants who experienced more stressful life events presented deterioration in their psychological well-being over time. Finally, adults who immigrated to Germany were more likely to acquire the new language than their counterparts who immigrated to Israel.


Archive | 2000

Eltern-Kind-Beziehungen in Migrantenfamilien — ein Vergleich zwischen griechischen, italienischen, türkischen und vietnamesischen Familien in Deutschland

Bernhard Nauck

Seit der Konzeptualisierung der „race-relations-cycles“ in der Migrationssoziologie der 30er Jahre haben Veranderungen zwischen Generationen von Zuwanderern stets eine bedeutsame Rolle in der Erforschung von Eingliederungsprozessen gespielt (H. Esser 1980; R.D. Alba 1990). Zumeist ist dabei das Assimilationsniveau der Zuwanderergeneration mit der der Folgegenerationen verglichen worden, um daraufhin allgemeine „Gesetze“ des intergenerationalen Eingliederungsverhaltens zu formulieren, oder Unterschiede im Eingliederungsverhalten unterschiedlicher Zuwanderernationalitaten zu beschreiben (W.W. Isajiw 1990). In Bezug auf nordamerikanische Zuwanderer haben sich z.B. Indizien dafur finden lassen, dass die zweite Generation der bereits in der Aufnahmegesellschaft geborenen Minoritatsangehorigen stets ein hoheres Assimilationsniveau aufgewiesen hat als die erste Generation der Zuwanderer, dass aber bei der dritten Generation nicht selten ein,ethnic revival’ stattfindet, d.h. eine Ruckbesinnung auf kulturelle Traditionen der Herkunftsgesellschaft — wenn auch haufig in der Form von kulturellen Transformationsprozessen, bei denen die gewahlten Symbolkomplexe ethnischer Identifikation nicht unbedingt authentische Bestandteile der Herkunftskultur sein mussen, sondern vielmehr Hervorbringungen einer Minoritaten-Subkultur sein konnen, die in der Herkunftsgesellschaft wenig oder gar keine Entsprechung finden (H. Gans 1979). Ein weiteres Ergebnis dieser Analysen ist gewesen, dass eine erstaunliche Streuungsbreite sowohl individuell zwischen dem Eingliederungsverhalten einzelner Zuwanderer bzw. von Generationen-Ketten von Zuwanderern als auch kollektiv zwischen dem der verschiedenen Zuwanderernationalitaten zu beobachten ist und Assimilation keineswegs ein „zwangslaufiges“ Ergebnis von Eingliederungsprozessen sein muss (H. Esser 1990a; B. Nauck, A. Kohlmann & H. Diefenbach 1997). Insbesondere bezuglich der kollektiven Differenzen konnten insgesamt bislang kaum schlussige sozialwissenschaftliche Erklarungen angeboten werden: So legen Studien zum Eingliederungsverhalten verschiedener Zuwanderernationalitaten von Arbeitsmigranten in Deutschland den Schluss nahe, dass Assimilation wesentlich auf Verteilungsunterschiede in individuellen Ressourcen (insbesondere des Bildungsniveaus) und auf historisch unterschiedliche Eingliederungsopportunitaten infolge der Wanderungs-Sukzession der einzelnen Nationalitaten zuruckfuhrbar ist (H. Esser 1982; P.B. Hill 1984). Demgegenuber werden in nordamerikanischen Studien die Assimilationsunterschiede zwischen den ethnischen Gruppen mit der Dichte sozialer Beziehung und der sozialen Kontrolle kultureller Normen in Beziehung gesetzt, um z.B. zu erklaren, warum judische, griechische und turkische Zuwanderer um so vieles starker uber Generationen hinweg geschlossene eigenethnische Verkehrskreise bilden und an ihrer ethnischen Identitat festhalten als deutsche oder schwedische Zuwanderer (W.W. Isajiw 1990; W.E. Kalbach 1990).


Archive | 1995

Kinder als Gegenstand der Sozialberichterstattung — Konzepte, Methoden und Befunde im Überblick

Bernhard Nauck

Kindheit ist ein keineswegs neuer Forschungsgegenstand, vielmehr kann die wissenschaftliche Beschaftigung mit Kindern auf eine mehr als zweihundertjahrige Tradition in Medizin, Padagogik und Psychologie zuruckblicken. Diese Facher verfugen schon seit geraumer Zeit uber eigene ausdifferenzierte Teildisziplinen mit eigener spezialisierter Professionalisierung z.B. in der Kinderheilkunde, in den lebensalters- und schulstufenbezogenen padagogischen Teildisziplinen der Kleinkindpadagogik, der Grundschul- und Sekundarschulpadagogik, — und nicht zuletzt der Padagogischen Psychologie und der Entwicklungspsychologie. Insbesondere die letztgenannte Teildisziplin war in ihrem Wirken jahrzehntelang so erfolgreich, das sich nicht nur fur Ausenstehende “wissenschaftliche Beschaftigung mit Kindern” und “Entwicklungspsychologie” als Synonyme darstellten. Es durfte keine historische Zufalligkeit sein, das die Ausdifferenzierung der “Kindheit” einer als eigenstandige Phase im Lebensverlauf und deren Konstituierung als eigenstandiges Forschungsfeld im Zeitalter des Merkantilismus zusammenfallt mit einer Neubewertung des Humanvermogens. Mit der bereits durch fruhe Vorlaufer von Humankapitaltheorien vermittelten Einsicht, das Kinder eine Investition in den zukunftigen Reichtum einer Volkswirtschaft darstellen, wurde die Grundlage fur die nachfolgend dominante Perspektive zur Kindheit gelegt: Kinder sind die zukunftigen Erwachsenen einer Gesellschaft.


Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology | 2010

Introduction to Special Section for Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology: Value of Children: A Concept for Better Understanding Cross-Cultural Variations in Fertility Behavior and Intergenerational Relationships

Gisela Trommsdorff; Bernhard Nauck

The concept of value of children (VOC) was introduced three decades ago and has recently gained increasing importance due to ongoing significant demographic changes in many parts of the world, namely declining birth rates and increasing life expectancy. Even though the concept of VOC suggests interdisciplinary and cross-cultural research, these methodologies were only recently used as part of a collaborative international enterprise aiming to revise and extend the original VOC study. The extended study is based on psychological and sociological approaches and makes use of more sophisticated methods of cross-cultural comparison and multilevel analyses. The thematic scope has also been expanded beyond childbearing to childrearing and also deals with parent-child relations over the entire lifespan. The present special section provides an overview of ongoing theoretical and methodological progress on the basis of four selected studies on VOC and intergenerational relations in different cultures.


Journal of Family Issues | 2006

Intergenerational Relationships in Cross-Cultural Comparison: How Social Networks Frame Intergenerational Relations Between Mothers and Grandmothers in Japan, Korea, China, Indonesia, Israel, Germany, and Turkey

Bernhard Nauck; Jana Suckow

The article explores the relevance of intergenerational relationships within the overall network of young mothers and grandmothers in seven societies: Japan, Korea, China, Indonesia, Turkey, Israel, and Germany. The empirical base is 2,945 named network members in 249 pairs of interviews of grandmothers and their daughters from a cross-cultural pilot study. The network composition of both generations and the network activities with spouses, daughters, and mothers is described. The results confirm the high exclusivity and expressivity of the conjugal family in societies with an affinal kinship regime and the high, lifelong significance of instrumental and expressive exchange relationships between mothers and daughters in patrilineal societies. Furthermore, in all societies, common expressive activities are decisive for the perceived quality of the intergenerational relationships, whereas instrumental activities are without any influence even in those societies where they are of great importance for the intergenerational relationships.


Parenting: Science and Practice | 2006

Demographic changes and parent-child relationships

Gisela Trommsdorff; Bernhard Nauck

This tutorial describes demographic changes and their implications for parenting and parent–child relationships. First, we discuss 2 major sociodemographic changes—declining fertility and increasing longevity—from the point of view of social demography. Second, we elaborate on implications of demographic changes for parenting and intergenerational relationships from sociological and psychological perspectives. This discussion of parenting and parent–child relationships addresses changes from a life-span perspective, taking into account contextual factors. Finally, we present examples of empirical investigations of relations among sociodemographic changes, parenting, and parent–child relationships.


Archive | 2001

Generationenbeziehungen und Heiratsregimes — theoretische Überlegungen zur Struktur von Heiratsmärkten und Partnerwahlprozessen am Beispiel der Türkei und Deutschland

Bernhard Nauck

Die Thematisierung von Heiratsbeziehungen und von der Wahl des Ehepartners bei Angehorigen der turkischen Nationalitat geschieht in der deutschsprachigen Literatur zumeist unter zwei Gesichtspunkten:


American Behavioral Scientist | 2001

Did Societal Transformation Destroy the Social Networks of Families in East Germany

Bernhard Nauck; Otto G. Schwenk

Two sets of survey data from East and West Germany in 1988 to 1990 and in 1996, containing information about the structure of ego-centered networks of parents living together with at least one child, are used to test empirically whether the structure of the social networks have changed during the transformation period. Contrary to what is commonly believed by the East German population and what is a main theme in the public discourse, where both a feeling of network erosion and of collapsing social relationships prevails, the empirical findings show (a) only slight differences between East and West Germany and (b) a simultaneous change in the network structure in both parts of Germany, which can thus not be attributed to the political transformation process. The results demonstrate the need for a comparative approach in transformation research and support previous findings from family research on the disintegration of family microstructures from political systems.

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Helen Baykara-Krumme

Chemnitz University of Technology

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Lucinda Platt

London School of Economics and Political Science

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Niels Spierings

Radboud University Nijmegen

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Daniela Klaus

Chemnitz University of Technology

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