Bikarama Prasad Yadav

Enhancing Safety Culture in Cement Industry Using Behavior-Based Safety Technique

This paper presents implementation of behavior-based safety (BBS) approached for managing occupational risks and prevention of workplace injuries in cement industry. The study evaluates and reports the efficiency of implementation of behavior-based safety in cement industry. The efficiency of BBS is computed by comparing accident records before and after implementation of BBS. The result of the study shows that BBS can help in minimizing the accidents in workplace, specially the ones that occur because of human errors and negligence. BBS management technique can be applied to workforce coming from diverse cultural background, showing that it would be a good approach for improving the safety of frontline workers and that it has industry-wide application for any ongoing project or production process. The increase in safety performance after implementation of BBS will encourage more industries to adapt the approach for safeguarding their workers.

Integrated Sensors for Risk Assessment in Industries and Residential Sectors: A Review

Sensors and detectors technology has been very useful in recent years because of their widespread application in industries, residence, and in domestic application. From a giant process industry to a small iPhone gadget, sensors have marked their importance and need for the mankind by taking up automatic handling and precision data collection. As safety of vivid type of industries from fire and other hazards becomes the core obligation of government and private bodies, sensors use becomes nonnegotiable. Various types of sensors available in the market which can be used for protection, surveillances, and safety are now a days fashion and culture for the mega organizations which installs them in the significant places. The given review paper analyzes the latest trends in the field of sensor/detectors application with respect to safety. The review gives a significant collection of facts, data, and latest technological upgradation in sensor technology and its role in safety of processes to appliances.

Development of Risk Acceptance Criteria for Indian Railways

Indian railways cater to the need of more than a billion people every year. Despite the undeniable fact that Indian railways form the backbone of Indian economy, its safety records are tainted. Over the past six months alone, three major railway accidents, resulting in the loss of 193 lives, have taken place. In order to improve this situation, it is required that proper quantitative risk assessment (QRA) is done for the railways. The prerequisite of doing a meaningful QRA is the availability of a well-defined Risk Acceptance Criteria (RAC). In this approach, the individual risk and societal risk are calculated with the help of statistical data of accidents eventuated from 1990 to 2016. After computation of individual risk and societal risk, the As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP) zones are plotted. The ALARP zone gives a guideline of the region of risk acceptability. The ALARP zones have been calibrated by comparing criteria of various countries that can be used in Indian context. Risk acceptability region contributes in the formulation of RAC. With this risk-based approach of QRA, an RAC is developed for the Indian railways. Finally, the Indian Authorities may use formulated and uniform criteria from the RAC developed.

Correlating the Factors of Human Error and Behavior-Based Safety Using Pareto Analysis and BBS Observation Application

Incidents cost financially and socially to both the company and the victim. The studies and analysis carried out so far on those industrial incidents reveal many contributing factors. This paper aims at correlating such factors leading to the untoward incidents and unsafe work behavior being its primary contributor at any workplace. The study analyzes the trend and causes of the incidents for a period of 4 years (2013–2016) through Pareto analysis to find the role of unsafe work behavior in industrial incidents. The study also intends to find the most risky and the safest behavior by observing a sample of 100 workers at an MCB manufacturing plant with an aid of a BBS observation application. These observations are usually recorded in written form and are documented for future references which consume a lot of space, time, and materials. To overcome these shortcomings, a computer-based application is developed to record the observations systematically in a mobile or laptop or tablet. The observations can be viewed through BBS dashboard or through the database file. Apart from that, this paper provides possible solutions to add to the existing control measures to improve safe work culture at the workplace.

Fire Safety Management in India: A Review

Fire is something that can be expected at any structure, may be at your home or at your workplace, or in a hospital, or in public places, almost anywhere. Fire in any kind of occupancy would certainly have the potential to cause harm to its occupants and severe damage to property. Due to fire and related causes in India itself, almost 25,000 fatalities are occurring every year. On an average, around 21 males and 42 females die each day because of such fire and similar causes and thereby made the concept of fire safety management an area of concern for Indian scenario. Fire safety management in building basically is a day-to-day management concept for aligning a building’s fire safety procedures in place so that they can be used at the time of need. This is moreover a responsibility of each and every individual to restrict any flaws in the fire safety procedures and to prevent any fire occurrences from happening and as being a human being to protect the lives in such situations. No matter how good active and passive fire protection systems you are having in place, it all becomes useless once the people who are supposed to use it are unaware of how to use them in need and are unaware of the significance of the use of such systems and their role in fire prevention and suppression. For solving all the above-stated problems, a proper fire safety management program should be established in the building in order to get all the things right in the case of a fire outbreak. For the purpose of ensuring a 100% safety from fire in the building, we would say a healthy fire safety management system is essential. Various views on fire safety management are reviewed in this paper. The applicability of this management system is different in case of existing buildings and new buildings. Engineering strategy is applied at the design level of fire safety provisions. A fire manual with clearly stated objectives should be given. In case of existing buildings, a ranking system should be set in place in order to check the present fire safety provisions, and at the same time, new fire codes must be tallied for active fire protection system. Along with this, a safety management system for fire is to be brought into the picture. A fire safety plan should be made with fire safety design methodology.

A Critical Review on the Application and Problems Caused by False Alarms

Emergency evacuation, mock drills, and response collected by detectors and sensors play an important role in averting the risks and disasters. Recent scenario gives the detailing of the false alarm predictions which do affect the general time line of the organization but also create the panic situation which somewhere results in loss of life and property. The use of fire alarms which are also connected with sensors plays an important role in emergency preparedness. Fire alarm work in coordination with detectors and sensors play an effective role as a best response. False Alarm is the result of poor installation, neglect in maintenance, environment, and anthropogenic factors. According to one of the data, Great Britain noticed somewhat 312,000 false alarms in the year 2011–12. The review paper analyzes the trends and latest developments in fire alarms both in industries and residential areas. The paper discusses and gives a critical view of the current problems of fire alarms/false alarms and its future implications in dealing with emergency response and evacuation.

IoT- and NDT-Based Bridge Risk Assessment and Identification

Bridges are the essential part of the development of infrastructure of a nation. They are the best examples of engineering marvels which can withstand the degradation by nature and mankind. Bridges are very much prone to natural hazards like earthquake and flooding. They are also exposed to modern methods of transportation (e.g., ships, trains, truck overloading). The regular movement of vehicles, heavy machinery, and supported loads causes bridges to be tested on the stage of time. By designing and having proper regular maintenance, accident levels can be reduced which will further affect the durability of bridges. At the initial stage, the methods of hazard identification and risk assessment are essential for bridge design and construction. The given paper is an extension of NDT on the concept of resistive crack measurement system and IoT which will be used to sense the initial faults and presumed deformation that will be helpful in averting the disaster.