Bikash Kumar Paul

Slotted-core photonic crystal fiber in gas-sensing application

Combustible or harmful gasses noticeable all around are adequate to decimating a geographical region of bringing about a flame, explosion, and venomous exposure. In this paper, a highly sensitive gas sensor based on slotted-core photonic crystal fiber has been presented which can be used as a gas sensor. The guiding properties of the proposed PCF are numerically investigated by employing finite element method (FEM). The Proposed PCF contains slotted core and a hexagonal cladding where the geometrical parameters are varied to optimized. Simulation result reveals that the proposed PCF shows a high relative sensitivity of 48.26%, the high birefringence of 2.17×10-2 and a lower confinement loss of 1.26×10 -5 dB/m. Effective area, Beat length, Splice loss, V-parameter are also reported in this paper.

Ultrahigh birefringence, ultralow material loss porous core single-mode fiber for terahertz wave guidance

In this paper, a novel polarization-maintaining single-mode photonic crystal fiber (PCF) has been suggested for terahertz (THz) transmission applications. The reported PCF has five layers of hexagonal cladding with two layers of porous core. The cladding and core territory of the PCF are constituted by circular and elliptical air cavities, accordingly acting as a dielectric medium. Different geometrical parameters of the proposed PCF including pitches and diameters of circular air holes with the major and minor axes of elliptical air cavities being varied with the optimized structure. Various effects on the proposed PCF such as eccentricity and porosity effects are also carefully investigated. The numerical process is investigated by one of the most popular methods, the finite element method (FEM). All numerical computational results have revealed the ultrahigh birefringence in the order of 1.19×10-02 as well as the ultralow bulk absorption material loss of 0.0689  cm-1 at the 1 THz activation frequency. Besides, the V-parameter is also investigated for checking the proposed fiber modality. The proposed single-mode porous core hexagonal PCF is expected to be useful for convenient broadband transmission and numerous applications in the areas of THz technology.

Enhancement of sensitivity and birefringence of a gas sensor on micro-core based photonic crystal fiber

This paper proposed a microstructure cored photonic crystal fiber for gas sensing applications. The key research vision is to identify hazardous and colorless gases over a larger range of wavelength band covering 1 μm to 2.2 μm. Numerical simulation on the proposed PCF is carried out by full vectorial finite element method (FEM) with perfectly matched layer. The proposed PCF core contains vertically arranged elliptical holes which enhances both relative sensitivity and birefringence. The analysis depicts that the proposed PCF shows high sensitivity of 43.7%, high birefringence of 8.62×10−3 and low confinement loss of 1.89×10−6 dB/m at the wavelength of 1.33 μm. The structural geometric parameters have tuned to optimize the parameters of proposed PCF.

Porous core Photonic Crystal Fiber based chemical sensor

In this paper, a porous core photonic crystal fiber based chemical sensor has been proposed. The cladding of the proposed PCF is hybrid where inner three layers are hexagonal and the outer two layers are circular. The proposed PCF shows higher relative sensitivity and low confinement loss simultaneously. For the investigation of the proposed photonic crystal fiber a full vectorial finite element method (FEM) was used. Geometric parameters like diameters of the holes and pitch are varied to optimize the Proposed PCF. The proposed PCF can be used for detecting the lower index chemical like ethanol which is industrially valuable. Moreover, the proposed PCF can sense the chemicals in a wide range of wavelength from 0.8 µm to 1.9 µm.

Extremely Low Loss of Photonic Crystal Fiber for Terahertz Wave Propagation in Optical Communication Applications

Abstract An enormously low loss symmetrical hybrid decagonal porous core spiral photonic crystal fiber (SH-PCF) has been proposed for terahertz (THz) wave guiding. The modal characteristics of the fiber and its mathematical analysis have been numerically completed using a full-vector finite element method (FEM). Simulation results show an ultra-low material loss of 0.0167 cm−1 and large effective area 1.95×106 µm2 which is 91.6 % of bulk absorption material loss at controlling frequency f=1.0 THz with a core porosity 42 %. Additionally, proposed structure establishes the comparatively higher core power fraction maintaining lower scattering loss about 1.8×10−15 dB/cm at the same operating frequency. It promises the aforementioned advantages for efficient THz wave propagation.

Dataset on photonic crystal fiber based chemical sensor

This article represents the data set of micro porous core photonic crystal fiber based chemical sensor. The suggested structure is folded cladding porous shaped with circular air hole. Here is investigated four distinctive parameters including relative sensitivity, confinement loss, numerical aperture (NA), and effective area (Aeff). The numerical outcomes are computed over the E+S+C+L+U communication band. The useable sensed chemicals are methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, and pentanol whose are lies in the alcohol series (Paul et al., 2017) [1]. Furthermore, V-parameter (V), Marcuse spot size (MSS), and beam divergence (BD) are also investigated rigorously. All examined results have been obtained using finite element method based simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics 4.2 versions with anisotropic circular perfectly matched layer (A-CPML). The proposed PCF shows the high NA from 0.35 to 0.36; the low CL from ~10–11 to ~10−7 dB/m; the high Aeff from 5.50 to 5.66 µm2; the MSS from 1.0 to 1.08 µm; the BD from 0.43 to 0.46 rad at the controlling wavelength λ = 1.55 µm for employing alcohol series respectively.

Development of Photonic Crystal Fiber-Based Gas/Chemical Sensors

The development of highly sensitive and miniaturized sensors that capable of real-time analytes detection is highly desirable. Nowadays, toxic or colorless gas detection, air pollution monitoring, harmful chemical, pressure, strain, humidity, and temperature sensors based on photonic crystal fiber (PCF) are increasing rapidly due to its compact structure, fast response, and efficient light-controlling capabilities. The propagating light through the PCF can be controlled by varying the structural parameters and core–cladding materials; as a result, evanescent field can be enhanced significantly which is the main component of the PCF-based gas/chemical sensors. The aim of this chapter is to (1) describe the principle operation of PCF-based gas/chemical sensors, (2) discuss the important PCF properties for optical sensors, (3) extensively discuss the different types of microstructured optical fiber-based gas/chemical sensors, (4) study the effects of different core–cladding shapes, and fiber background materials on sensing performance, and (5) highlight the main challenges of PCF-based gas/chemical sensors and possible solutions.

Dataset of surface plasmon resonance based on photonic crystal fiber for chemical sensing applications

In this research work a perfectly circular lattice Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) based surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensor has been proposed. The investigation process has been successfully carried out using finite element method (FEM) based commercial available software package COMSOL Multiphysics version 4.2. The whole investigation module covers the wider optical spectrum ranging from 0.48 µm to 1.10 µm. Using the wavelength interrogation method the proposed model exposed maximum sensitivity of 9000 nm/RIU(Refractive Index Unit) and using the amplitude interrogation method it obtained maximum sensitivity of 318 RIU−1. Moreover the maximum sensor resolution of 1.11×10−5 in the sensing ranges between 1.34 and 1.37. Based on the suggested sensor model may provide great impact in biological area such as bio-imaging.

Dataset on significant risk factors for Type 1 Diabetes: A Bangladeshi perspective

In this article, dataset and detailed data analysis results of Type-1 Diabetes has been given. Now-a-days Type-1 Diabetes is an appalling disease in Bangladesh. Total 306 person data (Case group- 152 and Control Group- 154) has been collected from Dhaka based on a specific questioner. The questioner includes 22 factors which were extracted by research studies. The association and significance level of factors has been elicited by using Data mining and Statistical Approach and shown in the Tables of this article. Moreover, parametric probability along with decision tree has been formed to show the effectiveness of the data was provided. The data can be used for future work like risk prediction and specific functioning on Type-1 Diabetes.

Highly sensitive SPR based PCF for biological substance sensing: design and analysis

In this paper, a surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) based photonic crystal fiber has been proposed and numerically investigated by Finite Element Method (FEM). The proposed SPR-based PCF shows higher average wavelength interrogation sensitivity than the previous structures. Different plasmonic materials have been used to show the difference in results. Liquid filled cores with metallic surface can be exited with leaky-Gaussian core guided mode. Numerical investigation of optical properties for the proposed PCF has been established by changing the designing parameters like pitch, diameters etc. The proposed PCF is simple in nature and can be easily fabricated by existing methods. Biological substances, biochemical, organic chemical analysis, bimolecules can be detected by our proposed SPR based PCF.