Bilal Akyüz

Y‐chromosomal variation of local goat breeds of Turkey close to the domestication centre

Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male-specific region markers, sex-determining region-Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honamlı, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y-chromosomal variants have a more breed-dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.

The effectiveness of gender determination using polymerase chain reaction and radioimmunoassay methods in cattle.

The aim of this study was to use polymerase chain reaction (PCR) by amplifying DNA from bovine (Bos taurus) fetal cells recovered through uterine puncture and subsequent amniotic fluid aspiration and to compare the effectiveness of the PCR method with amniotic dihydrotestosterone (DHT) levels in gender determination. Amniotic DHT levels between sexes were significantly higher in males than in females in all periods except the period 91 to 120 d. The differences among the amniotic DHT levels at different gestation periods (61 to 90, 91 to 120, 121 to 150, 151 to 180, 181 to 210 d) were not significant in females but were significant in males in the period 61 to 90 d compared with three other periods. Sensitivity was equal to 97.8% (95% CI=88.2% to 99.6%), and specificity was equal to 85.4% (95% CI=80.0% to 97.6%). These two values correspond with a cutoff of DHT in amniotic fluid. Distributions of the two sex groups were classified according to the 192.1 pg/mL cutoff value. A total of 93 amniotic fluid samples were examined by PCR analysis. The sex determination of 91 samples by PCR and electrophoresis was in agreement with the visual sexes of the fetuses. In two amniotic fluid samples, DNA was not isolated, and thus no sex determination was made. Fetal gender was correctly identified by PCR in 44 of 45 males and in 47 of 48 females. In PCR, one band (at the length of 102bp) and two bands (at the lengths of 102 and 226bp) were observed respectively for female and male fetuses. It may be concluded that the levels of amniotic DHT and PCR might be used for embryo sexing in pregnant cows.

Factor XI mutation in normally fertile and repeat breeding Holstein cows in the Middle Anatolian region of Turkey: a financial approach

The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of factor XI deficiency (FXID) carriers and potential financial losses depending on ‘extended calving interval’ and ‘extra service’ in normally fertile and repeat breeder cows in Turkey. For this purpose, a total of 161 Holstein cows were genotyped for the FXI gene mutation originating from various herds located in the Middle Anatolian region of Turkey. In the study, animals were divided into two groups – normally fertile (n = 118) and repeat breeding (n = 43) cows. In each group, one FXID carrier animal was identified and the prevalence of the FXID carrier was found to be 0.85 and 2.33% in normally fertile and repeat breeder cows, respectively. In a financial analysis, it was determined that extended calving interval in a normally fertile cow caused

Investigation of Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone, Growth Hormone and Prolactin Hormone Gene Polymorphism in Anatolian Water Buffalo

246 losses and

Analysis of prolactin and kappa-casein genes polymorphism in four cattle breeds in Turkey.

546 losses in a repeat breeder cow. Additionally, financial losses due to extra service per conception were calculated as

Polymorphisms in toll-like receptor (TLR) 1, 4, 9 and SLC11A1 genes and their association with paratuberculosis susceptibility in Holstein and indigenous crossbred cattle in Turkey

12 and

Döl Tutma Problemi Olan Holştayn Irkı Sığırlarda Sitogenetik ve Moleküler Genetik Taramalar

36 per cow in normally fertile and repeat breeder cows, respectively. In normally fertile and repeat breeder cows, the sum of losses due to extended calving interval and extra service was calculated as

Genotyping of the kappa‐casein and beta‐lactoglobulin genes in Anatolian water buffalo by PCR‐RFLP

258 (246 + 12) and

Investigation of STAT5A, FSHR, and LHR gene polymorphisms in Turkish indigenous cattle breeds (East Anatolian Red, South Anatolian Red, Turkish Grey, Anatolian Black, and Zavot)

582 (546 + 36). This study found that a repeat breeder cow causes an extra

Detection of Bovine Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency (BLAD) Allele in Holstein Cows Reared in Kayseri Vicinity

324 (