Blanca Susana Ramírez-Puerta

Fluorosis Dental en Escolares de 6 a 13 Años de Instituciones Educativas Públicas de Medellín, Colombia. 2006

Objetivo El proposito de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia y severidad de la fluorosis dental en escolares entre los 6 y 13 anos de edad de la ciudad de Medellin, Colombia. Metodos Se realizo un estudio descriptivo en 1 330 ninos matriculados en 34 instituciones educativas publicas. Los examenes clinicos fueron realizados por dos odontologas entrenadas y calibradas en el diagnostico de fluorosis dental. Despues de aislar con rollos de algodon y secar con gasa, se examinaron las superficies vestibulares de los dientes superiores mediante inspeccion visual con luz natural. Se utilizo el indice de Thylstrup y Fejerskov (TFI) Resultados La prevalencia de fluorosis dental fue 81 % (TFI>1). El 46,4 % tenian grados leves de fluorosis, TFI1 y TFI2 y el 8,8 % tenian grados severos, TFI >5. El 21 % de los ninos tenian TFI>1 en al menos el 50 % de sus dientes examinados. Conclusion La prevalencia fluorosis dental encontrada en los escolares de colegios publicos de Medellin fue alta. Las autoridades de salud deberan enfocar su atencion en la prevencion de este problema.

Comparación de los métodos de cuantificación de carga viral de VIH: COBAS® AmpliPrep/ COBAS® TaqMan HIV-1 test, v 2.0, y VERSANT HIV-1 RNA 1.0 Assay (kPCR)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of the kPCR VERSANT (™) 440 HIV-1RNA 3.0 Assay® (Siemens) method for the quantification of viral load in HIV-1 patients, compared to the COBAS AmpliPrep/COBASTaqMan HIV-1 test®, v. 2.0 (Roche Diagnostics) (CAP/ CTM). Methods: Samples were taken in 2 tubes with EDTA, in 60 patients referred by the attending physician for viral load tests as part of their routine con- trol of HIV/AIDS, and were processed for quantification of HIV-1 RNA by both techniques. A regression analysis, the Pearson correlation coefficient and agreement of Lin were done. The agreement between the two techniques was evaluated with the Bland Altman analysis. Results: The mean viral load by CAP/CTM was 3.2 ± 1.4 log10 copies/ml and by kPCR it was 3.0±1.3 log10 copies/ml. Most samples (86.7%) showed differences between the two methods lower than 0.5 log10 copies/ml, and 13.3% presented greater differences. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the two methods was 0.97 (95% CI 0.95-0.99) and the weighted kappa index between the two methods, in different ranges of concentra- tion, was 0.91 (95% CI 0.87-0.96). The average difference between measurements by both techniques was 0.22 log10 copies/ml, (IC 95% -0.45-0.89). Conclusion: Both techniques were comparable, although lower values of viral load were observed with kPCR.