Bradley C. Leibovich

Prediction of progression after radical nephrectomy for patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a stratification tool for prospective clinical trials.

The objective of the current study was to develop an algorithm to predict progression to metastases after radical nephrectomy for patients with clinically localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC) to allow stratification of patients for potential adjuvant therapy trials.

Costimulatory molecule B7‐H1 in primary and metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma

Cancer cell expression of costimulatory molecule B7‐H1 has been implicated as a potent inhibitor of T‐cell–mediated antitumoral immunity. The authors recently reported that B7‐H1 is aberrantly expressed in primary renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Blockade of B7‐H1, as demonstrated in several murine cancer models, now represents a promising therapeutic target in RCC. However, the potential expression of B7‐H1 in metastatic RCC has not been investigated. In the current study, the authors updated their primary RCC results with additional follow‐up and investigated the potential role of B7‐H1 in metastatic RCC.

Predicting the survival of bladder carcinoma patients treated with radical cystectomy

Clinical outcomes vary for patients treated with radical cystectomy. The authors sought to identify factors associated with the survival of patients treated with radical cystectomy for urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

Survival of patients with carcinoma in situ of the urinary bladder

To the authors knowledge, the long term follow‐up of patients with carcinoma in situ of the urinary bladder is limited.

Prognostic significance of positive surgical margins in patients with extraprostatic carcinoma after radical prostatectomy

A significant number of prostate adenocarcinoma patients undergoing radical prostatectomy are found to have microscopic extraprostatic disease extension. A majority of these patients have focal extraprostatic extension limited to one or both sides of the prostate. In addition, positive surgical margins are a common pathologic finding in this patient subgroup. In the current study, the authors evaluated the impact of positive surgical margins as an independent predictive factor for prostate specific antigen (PSA) progression in patients with pT3a/b N0M0 carcinoma.

Reclassification of patients with pT3 and pT4 renal cell carcinoma improves prognostic accuracy

The significance of adrenal invasion and tumor thrombus in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has been debated recently. The authors evaluated the associations of direct adrenal invasion, perinephric fat invasion, and tumor thrombus level with outcome to determine whether reclassification would improve the prognostic accuracy of the current primary tumor classification.

Tumor Size Predicts the Survival of Patients with Pathologic Stage T2 Bladder Carcinoma A Critical Evaluation of the Depth of Muscle Invasion

Accurate examination of radical cystectomy specimens is critical for stratifying patients into prognostically important groups and determining the need for adjuvant treatment. Evidence has accumulated that cancers invading the superficial muscle wall (T2a) behave similarly to those invading the deep muscle wall (T2b). Quantitative analysis of the depth of invasion in relation to patient outcome is needed.

Neurofibroma of the urinary bladder.

Neurofibroma of the urinary bladder is rare. Only isolated case reports have appeared. Information regarding the long term follow‐up of patients with neurofibroma is limited.

Hemangioma of the urinary bladder

Hemangioma of the urinary bladder is rare and the long term outcome of patients is unknown.

p53 alteration in regional lymph node metastases from prostate carcinoma: a marker for progression?

Alterations of the p53 tumor suppressor gene are associated with advanced stage prostate carcinoma. The biologic significance of p53 nuclear accumulation in prostate cancer patients with regional lymph node metastases is uncertain.