Burcin Alev

Edaravone ameliorates the adverse effects of valproic acid toxicity in small intestine

Valproic acid (VPA) is a drug used for the treatment of epilepsy, bipolar psychiatric disorders, and migraine. Previous studies have reported an increased generation of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress in the toxic mechanism of VPA. Edaravone, a free radical scavenger for clinical use, can quench free radical reaction by trapping a variety of free radical species. In this study, effect of edaravone on some small intestine biochemical parameters in VPA-induced toxicity was investigated. Thirty seven Sprague Dawley female rats were randomly divided into four groups. The groups include control group, edaravone (30 mg–1 kg–1 day–1) given group, VPA (0.5 g–1 kg–1 day–1) given group, VPA + edaravone (in same dose) given group. Edaravone and VPA were given intraperitoneally for 7 days. Biochemical parameters such as malondialdehyde, as an index of lipid peroxidation(LPO), sialic acid (SA), glutathione levels and glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, myeloperoxidase, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and tissue factor (TF) activities were determined in small intestine samples by colorimetric methods. Decreased small intestine antioxidant enzyme activities, increased LPO and SA levels, and increased activities of ALP and TF were detected in the VPA group. Based on our results edaravone may be suggested to reverse the oxidative stress and inflammation due to VPA-induced small intestine toxicity.

Protective effect of platelet-rich plasma on urethral injury model of male rats

Urethral stricture (US) formation is caused by fibrosis after excessive collagen formation following an injury or trauma to the urethra. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) on a urethral injury (UI) model of male rats.

The investigation of Helicobacter pylori in the dental biofilm and saliva samples of children with dyspeptic complaints

BackgroundThe oral cavity can be an extra-gastric reservoir for Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori). This can play a role in the pathogenesis of halitosis, glossitis, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, and dental caries. The present study was conducted to detect the presence of H.pylori within the dental biofilm and in saliva samples collected from children suffering from dyspepsia and children without any gastrointestinal complaints. Associations with gastric infection, halitosis, and some oral parameters were also evaluated.MethodsSeventy children (aged between 5–16) with dyspepsia were selected for the study group and control group composed of 30 healthy children without dyspepsia were also included in the study. After detailed oral and clinical examinations for oral parameters, saliva, and supragingival dental biofilm samples were collected for 16S rRNA and 23S rRNA genes detection by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The presence of gastric H.pylori was evaluated in endoscopic biopsy specimens histopathologically. Halitosis was evaluated by benzoyl-DL-arginine-naphthylamid (BANA) test. Salivary S.mutans and Lactobacilli sp. counts were also carried out by commercial kits.ResultsH.pylori was histopathologically detected amongst 83% of the children with the dyspeptic condition. The detection rate of this bacteria in dental biofilm and saliva samples and halitosis were found relatively higher in the dyspeptic children rather than the control group (p < 0.01). Halitosis was not significantly different between dyspeptic children and those detected with H.pylori (p > 0.05). In the gastric H.pylori positive group with dyspepsia, DMFT/S and dmft/s numbers and plaque indices were found higher than the control group (p < 0.01). Only plaque indices of gastric H.pylori negative group with dyspepsia were found higher than the control group (p < 0.01). S.mutans and Lactobacilli sp. counts were not significantly different between gastric H.pylori positive and negative groups (p > 0.05). Comparing to those with negative for both genes, in children whose dental biofilm and saliva samples were positive for both 16S rRNA and 23S rRNA genes, significantly higher results for halitosis, and DMFS numbers and significantly lower results for dmfs numbers and pH values were found (p < 0.01).ConclusionsHelicobacter pylori can occur in the oral cavity aside and independently from the stomach. However, the high number of bacteria in the oral cavities of children with gastric H.pylori, an association between the presence of H.pylori and halitosis, DMFS, and pH were found.

Effects of local platelet-rich plasma injection on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement in a rat model: A histomorphometric study.

Introduction The aims of this study were to determine the effects of different concentrations of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) on alveolar bone density and orthodontic tooth movement. Methods Seventy‐six rats were divided into 2 groups: a moderate concentration PRP injection group (n = 38) and a high concentration PRP injection group (n = 38). In each group, 5 time points were studied: 3, 7, 14, 21, and 60 days. Before orthodontic mesialization of the maxillary first molars, moderate and high concentrations of PRP were injected on the right sides of the molar buccal sulcus, and the left sides served as the controls. Tooth movements were measured on 3‐dimensional digital models. Alveolar bone volume density and osteoclastic activity in the first molar intraradicular areas were evaluated by histomorphometric analysis. Results Alveolar bone density was decreased in the experimental groups compared with the control groups (P = 0.0001) at 3, 7, 14, and 21 days. On day 3, osteoclastic activity of the experimental groups was higher than that of the controls (P = 0.044, P = 0.0001). On day 21, the amounts of tooth movement in the high‐concentration experimental group were 1.7 times greater than in the high‐concentration control group and 1.4 times greater than in the moderate‐concentration experimental group (P = 0.001). On day 60, alveolar bone density increased to the original levels in all groups. Conclusions Injection of both moderate and high concentrations of PRP may accelerate orthodontic tooth movement by decreasing alveolar bone density on paradental tissues by enhancing osteoclastic activity in a transient way. HighlightsWe analyzed the effects of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) on orthodontic tooth movement.Faster tooth movement was seen after PRP injection.PRP accelerates orthodontic tooth movement in a dose‐dependent way.

Melatonin improves hyperglycemia induced damages in rat brain

Diabetes mellitus is an endocrine disorder which is characterized by the development of resistance to the cellular activity of insulin or inadequate insulin production. It leads to hyperglycemia, prolonged inflammation, and oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is assumed to play an important role in the development of diabetic complications. Melatonin is the hormone that interacts with insulin in diabetes. Therefore, in this study, the effects of melatonin treatment with or without insulin were examined in diabetic rat brain.

MP94-01 PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF PLATELET-RICH PLASMA ON URETHRAL STRICTURE MODEL OF MALE RATS

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Urethral stricture formation is caused by fibrosis after excessive collagen formation to the any injury or trauma to the urethra. We evaluated the affects of plateletrich plasma (PRP) on urethral stricture model of male rats. METHODS: Urethral stricture model was performed by coagulation current to the male urethra. There were 4 groups of 6 rats in each one: control (C), C+PRP applied, urethral stricture (US), US+PRP applied. PRP was applied to the urethra after coagulation current induced injury as soon as possible. On 14th day all rats were sacrified and urethral tissues investigated for collagen type I (col I), collagen type III (col III), platelet-derived growth factor-A (PDGF-A), platelet-derived growth factor-B (PDGF-B) and transforming growth factor-B (TGF-B) with quantative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western-Blot analysis. The efffect of urethral damage and healing was investigated for col I/col III ratio. RESULTS: Collagen type I increase in fibrosis process in US is well defined. Collagen type I/ collagen type III ratio was significantly high in US group (*, p1⁄40,000) than others while US+PRP group had comparable results with the control group (p1⁄40,999). (Graphic 1) RTPCR analysis of col I, col III, PDGF-A, PDGF-B and TGF-B was shown in table 1. Graphic 1: Col I/Col III type ratio of each group. Table 1: Results of RT-PCR analysis of col I, col III, PDGF-A, PDGF-B and TGFB.(* Significant between US and US+PRP groups; & not significant between C and US+PRP groups; ** significant between C and US+PRP groups) CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that PRP has a preventive effect on stricture formation in US rat model shown by its effect on collagen synthesis, especially in recurrent cases. Further studies that eventually show the effects of PRP on human tissues is necessary and promising. Source of Funding: Istanbul Bilim University