Cansu Basegmez

Evaluation of periimplant crevicular fluid prostaglandin E2 and matrix metalloproteinase-8 levels from health to periimplant disease status: a prospective study.

Objective:To compare the levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and matrix metalloproteinases-8 (MMP-8) in periimplant crevicular fluid (PICF) after osseointegration and loading. Materials and Methods:PICF was collected at the 3rd, 6th, 12th, and 18th months after implantation of 72 implants. PGE2 and MMP-8 levels besides clinical parameters were evaluated. Results:Plaque and gingival index at the 6th, 12th, and 18th months presented higher values. Probing depth showed an increase after the 12th month. PGE2 presented a higher value at the 18th month. MMP-8 level demonstrated higher values after the sixth month. PGE2 and MMP-8 demonstrated positive correlations with gingival index and probing depth. Conclusion:The detection of PGE2 and MMP-8 in PICF serve to be useful for monitoring the course of periimplant disease. MMP-8 promises to be an early signal of periimplant inflammation.

Clinical and Biochemical Efficacy of Minocycline in Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study

The present study evaluated the effects of systemic minocycline on clinical and biochemical parameters of chronic periodontitis, which is a common inflammatory disorder of the periodontium initiated by the presence of bacteria in the gingival sulcus. Besides nonsurgical periodontal therapy, 20 individuals received minocycline systemically while another 20 subjects received placebo capsules for 2 weeks. Plaque index (PI), sulcus bleeding index (SBI), probing depth (PD), and relative attachment level (RAL) were measured and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were obtained at baseline and first, third, and sixth months. Matrix metalloproteinase‐8 (MMP‐8) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels were analyzed by enzyme immunoassay method. Significant improvements in all parameters in both groups were recorded. In the minocycline group, changes in PI and SBI were significantly greater only at first month, whereas reductions in PD, RAL, MMP‐8, and PGE2 levels were greater at all times. MMP‐8 and PGE2 exhibited positive correlations with SBI, PD, and each other. Minocycline demonstrated clinical benefit for periodontal therapy and provided further improvements on inflammatory mediators promising a host‐modulating capacity.

Detection of implant crevicular fluid prostaglandin E2 levels for the assessment of peri-implant health: a pilot study.

Inflammatory changes in the peri-implant tissues may lead to peri-implantitis and bone loss. Prostaglandin E2 has been shown to have proinflammatory effects on peri-implant tissues, including mediation of bone resorption. The aim of this study was to assess prostaglandin E2 levels in implant crevicular fluid and the possibility of using this method in diagnosing peri-implant mucositis. Twenty-four dental implants with 3 mm or greater probing depths comprised the test group and another 24 implants with probing depths less than 3 mm served as the control group. Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and probing pocket depths (PPD) were recorded. Implant crevicular fluid was obtained by collection onto periopapers. Then, prostaglandin E2 levels were evaluated using a commercially available enzyme immuno-assay kit. PI, GI, PPD, and implant crevicular fluid (ICF) levels of prostaglandin E2 were found to be statistically significantly higher in the test group (P < 0.05). In the test group, gingival index and probing depths were found to be statistically significantly related with ICF prostaglandin E2 levels (P < 0.05). In the control group, there was no statistically significant positive correlation between clinical parameters and ICF prostaglandin E2 levels (P > 0.05). It may be speculated that biochemical tests, such as the detection of prostaglandin E2 levels in the crevicular fluid are useful diagnostic methods for the maintenance of functional dental implants.

Sinus Augmentation With Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Combination With Bovine Bone Graft Versus Bovine Bone Graft in Combination With Collagen Membrane

The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy between the use of bovine bone graft material and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) mixture (test group) and bovine bone graft material and collagen membrane combination (control group) in 2-stage maxillary sinus augmentation. According to specific inclusion/exclusion criteria, patients treated between 2008 and 2012 were selected. Panoramic radiographs were used for radiologic assessments. To evaluate the relationship between sinus-graft height and each implant, the bone level (BL) was divided by implant length (IL). To evaluate the change in the height of grafted sinus, the grafted sinus floor above the lowest part of the original sinus height (GSH) was divided by the original sinus height (OSH). Samples taken during implant surgery were used for histologic and histomorphometric analyses. Twenty-five patients, 32 augmentation surgeries, and 66 one-stage implants were included in the study. No implant loss or complication was observed in either group. There were no statistical differences according to new bone formation (P = .61) and biomaterial remnant (P = .87). During the evaluation period, the test group showed statistically less change in the BL/IL ratio (P = .022). The difference of GSH/OSH ratio was found to be insignificant between groups (P = .093). It was observed that the grafted sinus covering the implant apex and sinus floor was above the original sinus height in both groups. It may be concluded from this study that both combinations can be successfully used for sinus augmentation. Further studies evaluating different graft materials and PRF combinations in the early phases of healing would be beneficial.

Photocatalytical Antibacterial Activity of Mixed-Phase TiO2 Nanocomposite Thin Films against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.

Mixed-phase TiO2 nanocomposite thin films consisting of anatase and rutile prepared on commercially pure Ti sheets via the electrochemical anodization and annealing treatments were investigated in terms of their photocatalytic activity for antibacterial use around dental implants. The resulting films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The topology was assessed by White Light Optical Profiling (WLOP) in the Vertical Scanning Interferometer (VSI) mode. Representative height descriptive parameters of roughness R a and R z were calculated. The photocatalytic activity of the resulting TiO2 films was evaluated by the photodegradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye solution. The antibacterial ability of the photocatalyst was examined by  Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans suspensions in a colony-forming assay. XRD showed that anatase/rutile mixed-phase TiO2 thin films were predominantly in anatase and rutile that were 54.6 wt% and 41.9 wt%, respectively. Craters (2–5 µm) and protruding hills (10–50 µm) on Ti substrates were produced after electrochemical anodization with higher R a and R z surface roughness values. Anatase/rutile mixed-phase TiO2 thin films showed 26% photocatalytic decolorization toward RhB dye solution. The number of colonizing bacteria on anatase/rutile mixed-phase TiO2 thin films was decreased significantly in vitro. The photocatalyst was effective against A. actinomycetemcomitans colonization.

Treatment of Multiple Adjacent Miller Class III Gingival Recessions with a Modified Tunnel Technique: A Case Series.

Modified coronally advanced tunnel (MCAT) technique with connective tissue graft (CTG) was used in treating multiple adjacent Miller Class III gingival recessions in nine patients. Clinical evaluations were recorded at baseline and 12 months after surgery. The results showed that 50% of complete root coverage and 78% of mean root coverage were attained 1 year after surgery and interdental space fill was 73% at 12 months. The study demonstrated that CTG using the MCAT technique may be an efficient way to treat multiple adjacent Miller Class III gingival recessions, especially when aiming for interdental space fill. Success, however, seems to be related to the amount of tissue present initially.

Botulinum Toxin Type A as Preoperative Treatment for Immediately Loaded Dental Implants Placed in Fresh Extraction Sockets for Full-Arch Restoration of Patients With Bruxism.

Objectives: The aim of the present report was to describe the use of Botulinum toxin type A as preoperative treatment for immediately loaded dental implants placed in fresh extraction sockets for full-arch restoration of patients with bruxism. Methods: Patients with bruxism who were scheduled to receive immediately loaded full-arch implant supported fixed restorations were included in this retrospective clinical report. To reduce the occlusal forces applied in patients with bruxism, Botulinum toxin type A was introduced prior to the implant placement procedure. Patients were followed and implant survival as well as peri-implant bone level was assessed in each periodic follow-up visit. Adverse effects were also recorded. A control group with no use of Botulinum toxin was evaluated as well. Results: A total of 26 patients (13 test and 13 control), with bruxism, aged 59.15 ± 11.43 years on average were included in this retrospective report and received immediately loaded dental implants placed in fresh extraction sockets for full-arch restoration. The test group treatment preceded by Botulinum toxin type A injection. Maxillary arches were supported by 8 to 10 implants while the mandibular arch was supported by 6 implants. All surgeries went uneventfully and no adverse effects were observed. The average follow-up time was 32.5 ± 10.4 months (range, 18–51). In the test group, no implant failures were recorded. One patient presented with 1 to 2 mm bone loss around 4 of the implants; the other implants presented with stable bone level. In the control group 1 patient lost 2 implants and another demonstrated 2 mm bone loss around 3 of the implants. Conclusions: The preoperative use of Botulinum toxin in patients with bruxism undergoing full-arch rehabilitation using immediately loaded dental implants placed in fresh extraction sockets seems to be a technique that deserves attention. Further long-term, large-scale randomized clinical trials will help to determine the additional benefit of this suggested treatment modality.