Cantídio Nicolau Alves de Sousa

Adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genótipos de trigo irrigado no Cerrado do Brasil Central

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar a adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genotipos de trigo irrigado, nas condicoes do Cerrado do Brasil Central. O rendimento de graos de cinco cultivares e nove linhagens de trigo irrigado foram aferidos no ensaio de valor de cultivo e uso. Os ensaios foram conduzidos nos anos de 2005 e 2006, em seis locais em Minas Gerais, tres em Goias e um no Distrito Federal. Os dados de rendimento de graos foram submetidos a analise de variância individual e a analise de variância conjunta, para a estimativa dos parâmetros de adaptabilidade e estabilidade. Verificaram-se diferencas significativas, entre os genotipos, em 14 dos 16 ambientes avaliados. Nenhum dos genotipos avaliados apresentou o comportamento ideal preconizado pelo metodo de Cruz e colaboradores. Destacaram-se a cultivar BRS 264 e a linhagem CPAC 02167, pela superioridade em todas as condicoes do Cerrado do Brasil Central (adaptabilidade geral). Entre os demais genotipos avaliados, destacaram-se as cultivares BRS 207 e EMBRAPA 22, responsivas a melhoria das condicoes ambientais, e as cultivares BRS 254 e EMBRAPA 42, pela adaptabilidade especifica a ambientes desfavoraveis ao cultivo de trigo irrigado.

Embrapa 52: nova cultivar de trigo para o Rio Grande do Sul

In order to meet the demands for higher grain yielding wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, in addition to higher resistance levels to diseases and better breadmaking quality, the cultivar EMBRAPA 52 was released in 1996 for the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. It was developed at Embrapa-Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Trigo, showing early cycle, mid-high stature, and resistance to aluminum soil conditions. It can show lodging problems under high soil fertility conditions and sprouting under delayed rains at harvest time. At releasing, it has shown good plant-health performance under field conditions. At seedling stage, it was susceptible to five races of leaf rust and resistant to all races of stem rust found in Brazil. It is moderately susceptible to glume blotch and susceptible to loose smut. It is resistant under field conditions to mildew and soil borne mosaic virus. Over the 1993-95 period, EMBRAPA 52 performed as the highest grain yielding wheat among all cultivars and lines tested in Rio Grande do Sul, producing 13% over the checks in the average of all locations of the State. Considering alveograph and farinograph tests, it was preliminarily classified as superior in the commercial class, being indicated for breadmaking and to manufacture crackers and pastry products.

EMBRAPA 22: nova cultivar de trigo para Minas Gerais, Goiás e Distrito Federal

In a joint research program the Embrapa-Centro de Pesquisa Agropecuaria dos Cerrados (CPAC), the Embrapa-Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Trigo (CNPT), the Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuaria de Minas Gerais (Epamig), the Empresa Goiana de Pesquisa Agropecuaria (Emgopa, todays Emater-GO), and the Cooperativa Agropecuaria Mista do Programa de Assentamento Dirigido do Alto Paranaiba (Coopadap-MG), released a new cultivar ¾ EMBRAPA 22 ¾ indicated for areas with splinkler irrigation in the States of Goias and Minas Gerais, and Federal District. Recently this cultivar was recomended for Bahia and Mato Grosso States. EMBRAPA 22 is originated from crossings carried out in the International Center for Corn and Wheat Breeding (CIMMYT), Mexico. It was introduced in Brazil through line colections and was identified in the trials of the Central Brazil research network as line CPAC 841153. The cultivar has higher qualities for the bread industry; has low grain shattering, it is resistant to stem rust and leaf rust under field conditions, and shows medium tolerance to lodging. In several trials, in different places and years, the yield of EMBRAPA 22 was 6% higher than the cultivar control Anahuac in Goias and Federal District and 4% higher in Minas Gerais State.