Carlos Afonso de Castro Beck

Ovário-histerectomia laparoscópica em felinos hígidos: estudo comparativo de três métodos de hemostasia

Twenty-four healthy female mongrel cats were submitted to ovaryhisterectomy and distributed into three groups of eight animals each: (I) bipolar electrical cautery, (II) titanium clips, and (III) suture ligature for the occlusion of ovarian and uterine vessels, which were compared. The surgical procedure and the operation technique were viable in all three groups. Hemorrhagia and subcutaneous emphysema were the main intraoperative complications, and hematoma and suture dehiscence in the postoperative. The bipolar electrical cautery procedure is shown to be comparatively successful regarding the other studied methods for hemostasia.

Laparoscopia nas hérnias diafragmáticas: estudo experimental em cães

The most common type of diaphragmatic hernia in dogs and cats is the traumatic one. As an anatomic alteration, surgery is the elected treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate videolaparoscopic surgery in the diagnostic and treatment of diaphragmatic hernia in dogs. In the first phase of the study diaphragmatic hernias were performed in dogs. One week later the dogs were summited to a laparoscopic surgery to make diagnostic and surgical correction. Laparoscopic access showed to be efficient for identification of the defect and visceral displacement and for the surgical treatment.The most common type of diaphragmatic hernia in dogs and cats is the traumatic one.As an anatomic alteration surgery is the elected treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate videothoracoscopic surgery in the diagnostic and treatment of diaphragmatic hernia in eight dogs. In the first phase of the study diaphragmatic hernias were performed in the dogs through laparoscopic access. One week later the dogs were summited to a thoracoscopic surgery to make diagnostic and surgical correction. Thoracoscopic access showed to be efficient for identification of the defects and visceral displacements and for the surgical treatment.

Laparoscopic versus open splenectomy in dogs

In the last few years, the use of laparoscopy in veterinary medicine has expanded and consequently so was the need for studies that establish the advantages, disadvantages and possible complications of each procedure. The purpose of the current study was to describe a laparoscopic splenectomy technique and the alterations due to this access, and compare it to the open procedure in dogs. A total of 15 healthy female mongrel dogs were used, with mean weight of 17.4±2.5kg. The animals were distributed into three groups: Group IA of open splenectomy (laparotomy) using double ligation of the vessels of the splenic hilum with poliglicolic acid, Group IB of open splenectomy (laparotomy) with bipolar electrocoagulation of the splenic hilum, and Group II of laparoscopic access with bipolar electrocoagulation of the splenic hilum. Operative time, blood loss, size of incisions, complications during and after surgery were evaluated. Other parameters included pain scores, white blood cell (WBC) counts and postoperative serum concentrations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatine kinase (CK), C-reactive protein (CRP), glucose and cortisol. No differences were found in the evaluation of parameters between both open splenectomy techniques employed. Laparoscopic access presented significant differences (p<0,05) when compared with open surgery: Longer operative time, smaller abdominal access, decrease in blood loss, lower concentrations of CRP, higher levels of CK and ALP, and lower scores in the pain scale. Laparoscopic surgery showed fewer complications of the surgical wound. No significant differences were observed between groups in the postoperative temperature, WBC, ALT, cortisol and glucose concentrations. In conclusion, the laparoscopic technique is useful for splenectomy in dogs, being advantageous in terms of blood loss, surgical stress and surgical wounds. However, it expends more operative time and causes transitory increase in hepatic and muscular enzymes.

Criptorquidectomia em coelhos: modelo experimental para tratamento laparoscópico

Cryptorchidism is considered the congenital testicuiar disease most frequent in domestic animals, having the orchiectomy as therapeutical indication. In the present study, an unilateral cryptorchidism model in rabbit was developed, with the aim to test the viability for practicing laparoscopic diagnoses and surgery. The model preparation was easy to perform permiting the development of laparoscopic skills, simulating clinical situation in small animal practice.

Solução hipersaturada de sal ou de glicerina a 98% como conservantes de centros frênicos caninos utilizados na reparação de defeitos musculares em ratos wistar

Aiming to evaluate the over saturated salt solution (1.5g commercially available salt in 1.5ml of tridestilled water) as tissue conservator of the canine frenic center and to compare its conservator potential with the well-established glycerin 98% conservator solution, peaces of this tissue were implanted to repair produced muscle lesions in 28 Wistar rats. Previously both solutions had been tested for bacterial and fungal contaminations, both exams with negative results. In each experimental animal, lesions were made in both Rectus abdominis muscles and repaired with the tissue preserved in both solutions. The animals were divided in seven groups and sacrificed in three, five, seven, 10, 15, 30 and 60 days after reparation for histological evaluation of the implanted region. In macroscopic exam the complete substitution of the implants by live tissue was observed, without rejection of the implanted tissue. In the microscopic evaluation we observed that the substitutions were made by fibrous conjunctive tissue deposition. At the end of the evaluation period, the implanted membranes were not present in repaired regions. In both conserved tissues there were not differences in tissue reactions. The over saturated salt, and 98% glycerin solutions presented similar results in the canine frenic center preservation indicating that both solutions may be utilized to preserve this membrane.

Resistência à tração de colopexias incisionais realizadas por cirurgia laparoscópica ou celiotomia em cães

In the present study the traction resistance and histological features of incisional colopexys made by open or laparoscopic surgery were evaluated. For this purpose, 15 mongrel dogs were located in two groups. In the GL group (n= 8) the colopexy adhesion was made by a laparoscopic surgery, and in GA group (n= 7) by a celiotomy. For the laparoscopic procedures the dogs were positioned in dorsal decubitus and four trocars were introduced in the left and right position of umbilical region. The incisions produced in descendent colon and in the abdominal wall were sutured in two layers of intracorporeal suturing. In the GA group the colon suture was similar to the realized in GL group. Fourteen days after the surgeries the dogs were killed to collect samples of abdominal wall and colon descendent, which were used in resistance tests and in histological evaluations. The total surgery time and colon fixation time were higher in the GL group (p 0.05), and the rupture force in GL segments was 43.68±16.45N and in GA was 39.70±15.15N. No differences were found in histological examination between GL and GA groups, and in all dogs the fibers of collagen were mature. The results verified for the laparoscopic technique of colopexy, that presented surgical adhesions with similar quality of the provoked by a conventional technique, allow concluding that the laparoscopic procedure may be utilized as an alternative for rectal prolapse treatment in dogs.

Mesenchymal stem cells and nanofibers as scaffolds for the regeneration of thyroid cartilage.

The aim of this study has been to establish an alternative approach in the form of regeneration of the thyroid cartilage.

Ectrodactilia em cão: relato de caso

A case of ectrodactyly is described in a 2-month-old male mixed Terrier dog. The defect was a complete osseous and soft tissue separation extending from between digits 2 and 3 proximally to the level of the radius and ulna. Radiography revealed elbow luxation. Treatment consisted of surgical reduction of elbow luxation and soft tissue reconstruction. Sixteen months after surgery, the dog was intermittent nonweight-bearing lameness.

Videolaparoscopia topográfica de equinos em estação com três diferentes massas corpóreas

The present study aimed to perform an anatomic description of the abdominal cavity of equines in standing position. Twenty-one healthy equines were allotted into three groups according to their corporal mass. Animals weighing up to 250kg were included in group A, 251 to 350kg in group B and over than 351kg in group C. Laparoscopy was the surgical technique performed, with access through the left and right paralumbar fossas using a video-assisted introduction of cannula, starting from the left flank. This first access allowed the observation of the diaphragm, stomach, left hepatic lobe, spleen, renal area, small intestine, descending colon, bladder, rectum and internal reproductive organs of the male and female. During the right access were observed: diaphragm, right hepatic lobe, renal area, dorsal colon, duodenum, cecum, small intestine, descending colon, bladder, rectum and internal reproductive organs of the male and female. The video-laparoscopic for the study of the abdominal anatomy of equines is feasible, and no limitations due to animal size have been observed.

Osteossíntese de tibiotarso com miniplaca de titânio em Arara Canindé (Ara ararauna)

Among the surgical problems of birds, fractures are the most prevalent, and the long bones of the wings and pelvic limbs are the most frequently affected. The success of orthopedic surgery in birds is directly related to the techniques used to undo the mechanical forces of a fracture. At the veterinary teaching hospital a psitacid from the Ara ararauna (blue-and-yellow-macaw) species with a clinical history of trauma in the cage was treated. Craniocaudal and lateral radiographs of the left limb demonstrated a mid-diaphyseal fracture of the tibiotarsus. The bird was sent to surgery. The patient was anesthetized with isufluorane and for the pre-anesthesic medicacion methadone was administrated. A medial surgical approach to the tibiotarsus was made and fracture reduction was performed. The fracture was stabilized through a titanium miniplate (system 2mm) fixed medially on the tibiotarsus with 6 cortical miniscrews, being 3 proximal and 3 distal to the fracture site. In this case, there was no complication in placing the miniplate and miniscrews, resulting in a satisfactory alignment of the fragments and causing an efficient reduction of the diaphyseal fracture of tibiotarsus with functional return of the limb and bone consolidation.