Carlos Mondaca Rojas

ESTADO NACIONAL Y COMUNIDAD ANDINA. DISCIPLINAMIENTO Y ARTICULACIÓN SOCIAL EN ARICA, 1880-1929

El presente estudio desarrolla una aproximacion historiografica al periodo conocido comunmente como de chilenizacion del norte de Chile, que comprende los anos 1880-1929. En el se analiza la relacion entre la articulacion social de la sociedad andina y el disciplinamiento del Estado nacional chileno, en el espacio sociocultural que en la actualidad comprende el sector rural de la provincia de Arica, con sus valles bajos, precordillera y sector altiplanico. El estudio se posiciona en un analisis historiografico de interes regional y nacional, a partir de la revision de fuentes historicas provenientes de archivos locales, donde se aborda historicamente la caracterizacion de la estructura politica, economica, social y cultural en este territorio.

LA EDUCACIÓN INTERCULTURAL BILINGÜE EN LA REGIÓN DE ARICA Y PARINACOTA, 1980-2010

espanolLa Region de Arica y Parinacota es un espacio multicultural y transfronterizo donde se ha implementado una politica publica de educacion intercultural bilingue. Transcurridas varias decadas de su puesta en marcha y considerando sus limitaciones, es necesario realizar un analisis critico de esta politica. Por ello, este articulo desarrolla un analisis bibliografico del proceso historico de implementacion y ejecucion de la Educacion Intercultural Bilingue por parte de las agencias educativas del Estado chileno en la Region de Arica y Parinacota. Finalmente, se establecen tres momentos en la politica educativa que sirven de base para la formulacion de propuestas para el desarrollo de un modelo educativo acorde a los nuevos escenarios y realidad de la region. EnglishThe Arica and Parinacota Region is a cross-border and multicultural area, in which apublicpolicy of intercultural bilingual education has been implemented. Havingpassed several decades since its introducction and considering its shortcomings, an critical analysis of this policy is necessary. Therefore, this article carries out an analysis of the bibliography of the historicalprocess of implementation and execution of intercultural bilingual education by the education agencies of the Chilean state within the Arica and Parinacota Region. Finally, three moments of the educational policy are established that serve as a foundation in order to formulate proposals for the development of an pedagogical model according to the new settings and the reality of the region.

EDUCACIÓN PARVULARIA E INCLUSIÓN EN EL NORTE DE CHILE: FORMANDO PEQUEÑOS CHILENOS EN LAS AULAS DE TARAPACÁ

This paper describes the teaching practices of pre-school teachers who play a reproductive role of nationalism internalized in children as Chilean citizenships. This happens as the result of a ludic scenario that ritualizes civic and patriotic conduct, through civic commemorations based on the Pacific war, regardless both the cosmopolitan reality and cultural diversity present in classrooms in the Northern part of Chile. Considering this, we propose a new perspective on conducting civic events in early childhood education, to make them more inclusive and consistent with the cultural reality of the region of Tarapaca, Chiles most multicultural region.

LA ESCUELA Y LA GUERRA DEL PACÍFICO: PROPUESTA DIDÁCTICA DE HISTORIA PARA LA INCLUSIÓN EDUCATIVA EN CONTEXTOS TRANSFRONTERIZOS DEL NORTE DE CHILE

Resumen es: En el presente trabajo se analizan los significados de la ensenanza de la Guerra del Pa- cifico en el norte de Chile, los cuales se relacionarian con rit...

ENTRE EL ARCHIVO Y LA ETNOGRAFÍA: REFLEXIONES HISTORIOGRÁFICAS DESDE LA PERIFERIA DEL NORTE DE CHILE

espanolSobre la base de documentacion archivistica, ademas de una serie de actividades con comunidades indigenas andinas y afrodes-cendientes del extremo norte de Chile, con las cuales se ha trabajado en la recuperacion de la memoria social comunitaria, junto con el desarrollo de etnografias sobre costumbres y tradiciones, realizadas las ultimas decadas, se discute sobre como en torno a la construccion de una historia local que se ha nutrido de perspectivas antropologicas y sociologicas para problematizar el pasado fronterizo y la participacion regional frente a los dispositivos chilenizadores del Estado, amen de una historiografia nacional que invisibilizo a los actores locales que habitan la periferia del territorio chileno. EnglishBased on archival documents, as well as a range of activities with Andean indigenous communities and Afro descendants of the northern end of Chile, with whom we have worked in the recovery of Community social memory, alongside with the development of ethnographies on customs and traditions, through the last decades. We discuss how about building a local history that has been nourished by anthropological and sociological perspectives to problematize the past border and regional participation versus chilenizing state devices, in addition to a national historiography which made local actors who inhabit the periphery of the Chilean territory invisible.

Nación y ritualidad en el desierto chileno. Representaciones y discursos nacionales en Iquique (1900 - 1930)

This article aims at discussing the role that civic ceremonies and monuments played in the early 20th century, as dynamic mechanisms for the “chileanization” in the Tarapacá desert, especially in the port of Iquique. This work thinks from a social historical perspective, about the public celebrations as symbolic rites, where integration and/or belonging to the national community is materialized. These civic events were no less persuasive than other rather “violent” ways of promoting the sense of nation in the new territories added to the Chilean state.

Nation and rituals in the Chilean desert: Representations and national discourses in Iquique (1900 - 1930)

This article aims at discussing the role that civic ceremonies and monuments played in the early 20th century, as dynamic mechanisms for the “chileanization” in the Tarapacá desert, especially in the port of Iquique. This work thinks from a social historical perspective, about the public celebrations as symbolic rites, where integration and/or belonging to the national community is materialized. These civic events were no less persuasive than other rather “violent” ways of promoting the sense of nation in the new territories added to the Chilean state.