Carmen Australia Paredes Marcondes Ribas

Avaliação do uso do extrato bruto de Jatropha gossypiifolia L. na cicatrização de feridas cutâneas em ratos

INTRODUCTION: Phytotherapy is one of the research branches in the healing process of surgical wounds. PURPOSE: To analyze the morphological aspects of the healing process occurring in open skin lesions in rats under administration of raw extract from Jatropha Gossypiifolia L. METHOD: Sixty Wistar rats were utilized. A 2cm wound in diameter was done in each animal at the dorsal region. The animals were divided into two groups, each one consisting of 30 animals. Each group was subdivided into three subgroups of ten. They were analyzed in the 7th, 14th and 21st post-operative day. The two groups were compared through macroscopic analysis using digital planigraphy and histological examination. The microscopic parameters considered were the vascular proliferation, polymorph and mononuclear cells, fibroblastic proliferation, collagen and epithelium formation. RESULTS: Epitelization occurred in a same amount in all animals. There was no chronic inflamation on 21st day in the Jatropha group and also no difference in polimorphonuclear cells between the groups. The fibroblastic reaction was better on the 7th day in the Jatropha group and equal in the remaining ones. Colagenization was greater on 7th and 14th days in Jatropha and better re-epitelization occurred in the same group in the 7th day. CONCLUSION: Although with hystologic aspects favoring the Jatropha, no significant differences concerning to the macroscopic and microscopic aspects were observed among the skin wounds receiving raw extract Jatropha and those that received no treatment in the final evaluation.

Effects of a highly concentrated platelet-rich plasma on the bone repair using non-critical defects in the calvaria of rabbits

PURPOSE To verify the effect of highly concentrated platelet-rich plasma (hPRP) in the pathways of bone repair using non-critical defects in the calvaria of rabbits. METHODS The hPRP was produced from collected venous blood of 21 rabbits. Four non-critical defects of 8 mm in diameter were created on the calvaria of each animal. The defects were all treated differently: autogenous particled bone (APB, group 1), autogenous particled bone associated with hPRP (APB + hPRP, group 2), isolated hPRP (group 3), and blood clot (control, group 4). Animals were submitted to euthanasia on the 2nd, 4th and 6th week postoperatively. Histological and histomorphometric analysis were carried through. RESULTS After two weeks, groups 1 and 2 were in more advanced stage of repair than 3 and 4. At this period, comparing the groups 1 and 2, no significant differences were found between both, which also happened between the groups 3 and 4. However, after four and six weeks, the group 1 showed a more advanced stage of repair among all the other studied groups, while group 2 was in more advanced signs of bone repair than groups 3 and 4. Comparing groups 3 and 4, after four and six weeks, the least advanced stage of bone repair was found to be within group 3. CONCLUSION The use of a highly concentrated PRP was considered prejudicial to the repair of non-critical defects in the calvaria of rabbits, either in the association of autogenous particled bone, when compared to autogenous particled bone alone, or in its isolated form, when compared to blood clot (control).

Tracheal suture in rats with hypothyroidism: wound healing study

PURPOSE To evaluate the influence of hypothyroidism in tracheal wound healing process. METHODS A controlled study was designed with 48 male Wistar rats, divided into two groups: study and control groups. In the first one hypothyroidism was surgically induced and 10 weeks after, a tracheal opening followed by suture was performed in both groups, subdivided into 7, 14, and 21 days in accordance with the date of animals death. A laboratorial evaluation was performed to prove the decreased in thyroid function in the study group. Also a macroscopic evaluation through a stablished protocol and a microscopic analysis with Hematoxylin-eosin and Sirius-Red staining methods were done. RESULTS The laboratorial evaluation certified suppressed thyroid function in the study group. The macroscopic evaluation showed the presence of suture blockade in the study group in all the evaluated days. Microscopic analysis showed a prolongated inflammatory process and less collagen with delay in organization in the study group comparing to control group. All these data were statistic significant. CONCLUSION Hypothyroidism had an influence in tracheal wound healing process, promoting delay in the inflammatory and organization processes and diminished tissue collagen quantity.

Indução de obesidade com sacarose em ratos

BACKGROUND Although is complex to identify the factors responsible for the important growth in obesity all over the world, the main causes are increased consumption of energy, highly saturated fats and sugars, and reduced physical activity. AIM To compare rats with normal and supplemented diet with sucrose in relationship to body mass, weight of gonadal and retroperitoneal fat and Lee index. METHODS Forty rats were divided into two groups: 20 in the control group that received normal chow diet and water for three months, and 20 animals in the experimental group who received the same diet but supplemented with sucrose 300 g/l of water. The animals were weighed once a week during 91 days. At scheduled death, they had measured the naso-anal length, body weight and Lee index. After laparotomy, retroperitoneal and gonadal fat were isolated, dried and the percentage of weight in relation to body weight at the date of death was evaluated. RESULTS There was a statistic significant difference between the 14th and 78th day favoring the experiment group indicating that sucrose interferes with weight gain in rats. The average weight was higher in the experimental group in all periods in comparison to initial weight. There was also significant difference in the weight of the gonadal and retroperitoneal fat. There was no significant difference comparing the Lee index. CONCLUSION The body mass index was higher in animals treated with diet supplemented with sucrose and had higher gonadal and retroperitoneal fat, but no difference in the Lee index.

Regeneração do fígado após hepatectomia parcial em ratos submetidos à hipertensão portal pós-hepática

BACKGROUND: The normal adult liver is quiescent and only a small percentage of its cells is subjected to cell division at any time, but can quickly initiate cell proliferation in response to a stimulus. This process can be triggered by partial hepatectomy. AIM: To evaluate the effect of portal hypertension caused by partial occlusion of hepatic venous drainage on regeneration of remnant liver of rats after partial hepatectomy. METHODS: It was performed two-thirds hepatectomy in 50 adult male Wistar rats. The animals were divided into five groups: a control group and four study groups were subjected to different degrees of plication of inferior vena cava-hepatic above. After 240 hours of the stimulus for regeneration took place relaparotomy with measurement of portal pressure and inferior vena cava, and liver biopsy. Fragments were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for the markers Ki-67 and von Willebrand factor. The collagen deposition was evaluated by Massons trichrome staining and liver function using serological markers. RESULTS: Cell proliferation in animals subjected to partial hepatectomy and portal hypertension persisted in varying degrees higher when compared to the control group. The proliferation index for Ki-67 was higher in the groups submitted to the elevation of portal pressure. The expression of von Willebrand factor was markedly elevated after partial hepatectomy in groups with higher degree of portal hypertension. There was little collagen deposition in liver tissue in animals of the four groups with partial plication of the inferior vena cava above-liver, but the deposition was more intense in the group with lower portal pressure. CONCLUSIONS: Rats underwent 70% partial hepatectomy and portal hypertension, after 240 hours, presented: 1. delay in the regenerative process directly proportional to pressure levels in the portal system; 2. after ten days, there was the proliferation of hepatocytes proportionally more intense the higher the elevation of pressure in the porta, but extreme levels of portal pressure inhibit proliferation and liver regeneration; it has also been shown delayed angiogenesis influenced by the values portal pressure; 3. extreme portal hypertension produces an elevation of expression of factor VIII, suggesting sinusoid capillarization; 4. the higher levels of portal pressure, the lower the amount of collagen deposited, it can be inferred that the increased portal pressure leads to delay in restoration of the extracellular matrix; 5. analysis of liver function showed that 70% partial hepatectomy after ten days, did not interfere with the physiology of the liver, which remained within normal limits; but, with portal hypertension, can happens functional impairment of the remnant liver during the regenerative process.

Estudo comparativo do uso de extrato de Pfaffia glomerata e do laser de baixa potência (Hélio-Neônio) na cicatrização de feridas em ratos

BACKGROUND: Pfaffia glomerata is a plant used in folk medicine as tonic, antidiabetic, to improve the healing process, neutralize stomach upset and antirheumatic. AIM: To compare the wound contraction and the neovascularization with the use of plant extract of Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen, Amaranthaceae, and low power laser in rats. METHODS: It was used 40 Wistar rats in which surgical wounds with a punch of 3 mm in diameter at the top right of the back and no substance was applied at this site, and similar wounds in the lower left side had applicated extract of P. glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen, Amaranthaceae, control groups and plants in the same animal. Another 40 animals had the low power laser application. On dates scheduled within 48 hours, one, two and three weeks measures were taken and wound contraction observed. Microscopic results were analyzed using immunohistochemistry with Factor VIII to observe the vascular density. RESULTS: It was possible to observe macroscopically no statistic significant difference with respect to the contraction of the wound between the groups plant and laser, both getting better results than the control group. This variable showed a statistical significance with the laser group when was compared the subgroups 48 hours X one week (p=0,008). Statistical analysis of Factor VIII showed an statistic significance in subgroup one week of the plant with the laser (p=0.09). CONCLUSIONS: There was no statistic significant difference between the plant and laser groups with respect to contraction of the wound. On microscopic analysis, the group plant earned more than the laser group with relation to neovascularization in subgroup one week, and after that occured a balance between them.

Protocolo de reabilitação acelerada após reconstrução de ligamento cruzado anterior - dados normativos

OBJECTIVE evaluate the gotten results of the accelerated protocol adapted to the clinic conditions in CLA post operatory patients. METHODS 30 patients were selected and submitted to an isokynetic test at the pre operatory and 4 months post operatory. RESULTS the isokinetics evaluations at the pre operatory presented: flexor peak torque 93% at 60 degrees /s and 97,3% at 180 degrees /s. Extensor 87,3% at 60 degrees /s and 94,7% at 180 degrees /s; power of the flexor muscles of 93,3% and extensors of 96,7%; the muscular work of the flexors was of 91,7% and extensors of 90,3%; the flexor peak torque angle was at 28,7 degrees . At the extensor musculature the angle was at 62,2 degrees ; flexors eccentric peak torque of 78,3% and the extensors of 12,8%. With 4 months of post operatory the gotten results showed: flexor peak torque 95,4% at 60 degrees /s and 97,1%. at 180 degrees /s; extensor 70% at 60 degrees /s and 75,7%. at 180 degrees /s; power of the flexor muscles of 97,1% and extensors of 79,8%; the muscular work of the flexors was of 94,2% and extensors of 94,2%; flexors eccentric peak torque of 84% and extensors of 24,2%; the flexor peak torque angle was at 27,3 degrees ; in extensor musculature the angle was at 61,7 degrees . CONCLUSION showed that the patients treated with the adapted protocol presented similar results to the original protocol in relation to the muscular conditions.

Wound healing using ionic silver dressing and nonocrystalline silver dressing in rats

PURPOSE To investigate the results of the healing process on surgical wounds in the back of Wistar rats using nanocristaline and ionic silver dressing. METHODS Sixty rats Wistar were submitted to surgical wounds with punch of 8 mm in diameter. In 30 animals (groups PN - nanocristaline and AD - control) two surgical wounds were done diametrically opposite on the upper back side. On the right side was used nanocristaline (PN) silver dressing and on the left side, distilled water dressing (AD). On the other group of 30 rats, only one wound was made with the punch, on the right side, and was used ionic silver dressing. So, the groups were divided into three subgroups, according to the day of death (7(th), 14(th) and 21(st) day). In each of these days the wounds diameter were measured to evaluate the wound contraction. Microscopic data were analyzed using the H&E staining to verify the inflammatory process and neovascularization. The Masson trichrome staining was used to verify the fibrosis. RESULTS Macroscopically only the subgroup of 21(st) day showed statistical significance; between the groups AD and PI inflammatory process appeared in the 7(th) day subgroup in 90% of the cases. In neovascularization there was statistical significance between the groups PN and AD in the subgroup of 7(th) day. Fibrosis did not show statistical significance in the studied groups. CONCLUSIONS In relation to wound contraction, PN and PI groups showed better results than the AD group. In regard to histological analysis, H&E staining showed that there was presence of inflammation in all groups, and at the end, the control group (AD) on 7(th) day, was superior to PN and PI groups. In relationship to fibrosis, no differences were obtained among groups.

Expressão da CASPASE-3 e CD-34 no adenocarcinoma de próstata

OBJECTIVE 1. To evaluate the percentage of caspase-3 and CD-34 expression on adenocarcinoma; 2. to quantify caspase-3 and CD-34 in tumor cells; 3. to verify the relationship between biomarkers and its malignancy; 4. to correlate biomarkers themselves. METHODS Thirty-eight human malignant prostate specimens, Gleasons score, were immunohistochemically stained for caspase-3 and CD-34 protein. Quantification was done under Samba 4000 Immuno System reading, yielding two variables: label index and optical density. Statistical analyses were based on cross-methods involving univariate and bivariate as well as correlation factors among independent variables. RESULTS Immunostaining was revealed in 25 plates for caspase-3 and 34 for CD-34. Caspase-3 expression for label index was over 50 in 76%, while for optical density was below 50 in 96%. CD-34 expression demonstrated label index over 50 in 59% and optical density below 50 in 56%. Correlation among expression and severity did not demonstrate to be statistically significant. There was no correlation between protein expression and Gleasons score. CONCLUSION 1. Caspase-3 and CD-34 were present respectively in 73.5% and 100% of samples; 2. caspase-3 and CD-34 showed high expression regarding label index and low expression in optical density; 3. there was no statistical significance among expressions and tumor severity according to Gleasons score; 4. no significant correlation could be set between the biomarkers themselves.

Estudo da correlação do IMC e comprimento do intestino delgado em pacientes obesos submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica

BACKGROUND: According to the hypothesis of long bowel, the length of small intestine is related to obesity. There are evolutionary, anatomics, neuroendocrines evidences in favor of this assertion. AIM: To check the measure of the small intestine length in overweight patients submitted to bariatric surgery and to analyze the correlation between the intestine size and Body Mass Index (BMI). METHODS: The sample was composed of 30 patients of Hospital Universitario Evangelico de Curitiba, Obesity Service, which had been submitted to bariatric surgery in the period between March and June, 2009. These patients previously had been evaluated, according to their weight, height and BMI. The surgical technique was Fobi-Capella. The measurement of small bowel was carried through the Treitz angle towards the ileocecal junction, during the operation. The instrument used was an intestinal manipulation clamp, which was marked with the measure of 10 cm. The intestinal handles had been measured in the anti-mesenteric edge, applying minimum tension necessary to rectify them. The data were statistically correlated and automatically tabulated, using the Pearson correlation method. RESULTS: The average intestinal length for males was 582,5 cm and for 509,1 cm, medium length 528,7 cm. Pearson correlation coefficient, confirmed the absence of correlation between BMI and the intestinal length. CONCLUSION: The medium length of small intestine was 528,7 cm and it did not have correspondence to BMI.