Carmen López-Sánchez

Especialización y revistas académicas españolas de Comunicación

Esta investigacion ha sido financiada por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion de Espana durante el periodo 2012-2014, dentro del Plan Nacional I+D+i (EDU2011-13034-E) como accion complementaria, proyecto “Observatorio de Revistas Cientificas de Ciencias Sociales”.

Adaptation of the Adolescent Coping Strategies Scale in a Portuguese sample

A adolescencia e uma fase desenvolvimental marcada por desafios. No sentido de conhecer melhor as estrategias que os adolescentes utilizam para lidar com o stress, pretendeu-se com este estudo apresentar as propriedades psicometricas da Escala de Estrategias de Coping na Adolescencia (Burnett & Fanshawe, 1997), testada junto de uma amostra de adolescentes portugueses, explorando diferencas em funcao do genero e da idade. Os resultados permitiram encontrar uma estrutura factorial valida e com consistencia interna genericamente adequada. Os dados permitem perceber diferencas nas estrategias de coping, com as mocas a procurar mais apoio dos outros e melhoria pessoal, enquanto os rapazes utilizam mais frequentemente drogas ou o humor. Em funcao da idade verificouse uma relacao positiva com o uso de substâncias e diminuicao da procura de apoio da familia e de profissionais. Os dados sao discutidos a luz da literatura e implicacoes para a pratica sao apresentadas.

Adaptação da Escala de Estratégias de Coping na adolescência numa amostra Portuguesa

A adolescencia e uma fase desenvolvimental marcada por desafios. No sentido de conhecer melhor as estrategias que os adolescentes utilizam para lidar com o stress, pretendeu-se com este estudo apresentar as propriedades psicometricas da Escala de Estrategias de Coping na Adolescencia (Burnett & Fanshawe, 1997), testada junto de uma amostra de adolescentes portugueses, explorando diferencas em funcao do genero e da idade. Os resultados permitiram encontrar uma estrutura factorial valida e com consistencia interna genericamente adequada. Os dados permitem perceber diferencas nas estrategias de coping, com as mocas a procurar mais apoio dos outros e melhoria pessoal, enquanto os rapazes utilizam mais frequentemente drogas ou o humor. Em funcao da idade verificouse uma relacao positiva com o uso de substâncias e diminuicao da procura de apoio da familia e de profissionais. Os dados sao discutidos a luz da literatura e implicacoes para a pratica sao apresentadas.

Percepción de riesgo online en jóvenes y su efecto en el comportamiento digital

Una parte importante de las investigaciones actuales sobre riesgos online estan encaminadas a analizar las ciberagresiones, su frecuencia y forma. En cambio, hay menos acumulacion de conocimiento cientifico centrado en la percepcion de riesgo, el analisis de sus componentes y la medicion e impacto sobre la actuacion de los menores en la red. Por ello, el objetivo principal del estudio es establecer una clasificacion de menores a partir de su percepcion de riesgo, habitos de consumo digital, factores de proteccion familiares y/o educativos y flujos de comunicacion. Se ha aplicado un cuestionario estructurado a una muestra de 865 menores, de 10 a 17 anos de la Comunidad de Madrid. Los datos se han procesado con SPSS 15.0 y SPAD 5.0. Tras un analisis factorial y de clasificacion se han obtenido siete grupos diferenciados. El perfil predominante, en un 42% de los casos, es el de «prudentes», caracterizado por tener una alta percepcion de riesgo, no pasar excesivo tiempo en la red, evitar comportamientos no seguros, conversar con los padres sobre las dificultades online, recibir consejos y tener normas claras sobre el uso de Internet. La percepcion de riesgo se muestra como un constructo relevante en relacion a otros indicadores como la intervencion educativa de los padres, el tiempo que se pasa en Internet, la dependencia del dispositivo y el tipo de comportamiento digital.

Online risk perception in young people and its effects on digital behaviour

An important part of current research regarding online risks is aimed at analysing cyber aggression according to its frequency and type. By contrast, there is less scientific knowledge available on risk perception, the analysis of its components, and the measurement and impact on the behaviour of minors on the Internet. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to establish a classification of minors based on their perception of risk, digital consumption habits, family and/or educational protection factors, and the flow of communication. A structured questionnaire was used from a sample of 865 minors aged 10 to 17 from the Autonomous Region of Madrid. Data were processed using SPSS 15.0 and SPAD 5.0. After a factor and classification analysis was conducted, seven different groups were obtained. The predominant profile, in 42% of the cases, is that of a ‘prudent person’, characterized by a high perception of risk, not spending an excessive amount of time on the Internet, avoiding unsafe behaviour, talking with parents about online difficulties, receiving advice, and having clear rules on Internet use. The perception of risk is shown as a relevant construct in relation to other indicators such as child-rearing techniques used by parents, the time children spend on Internet, dependency on the device, and the type of digital behavior involved.

La familia como mediadora ante la brecha digital: repercusión en la autoridad

In this digital age it is essential to rethink the educational role of the family. New information and communication technologies have affected interpersonal and family relationships. In this paper three basic components are discussed regarding digital education of children: the family as a mediator in the educational process of children; the digital gap as the development of enough skills to use digital services; as well as the authority which would allow the mentoring of children based on the capacity that reference adults develop throughout their lives, which as parents enable them to exercise their authority in all areas, going from moral to knowledge. It is concluded that the family has to acquire a two-fold vision of information and communications technologies that compromises many of the basic values of their role on educating children. This double vision is represented by the positive pole: progress, task facilitation, the development of more efficient systems, and the negative pole: involution, facilitation of new risks, and greater personal and social vulnerability. Success lies in carrying out an optimal family mediation, breaking the barriers that the digital gap produces and merging both issues into promoting minimum competencies in parents to adequately perform authority.

Configuración teórica de la motivación de salud desde la teoría de la autodeterminación

Resumen The study of human motivation is a highly complex construct with a wide variability of visions. The SelfDetermination Theory (SDT) has shown a relative effectiveness and consistency in several issues related to health, such as physical activity, diet, sleep, psychological well-being or tobacco consumption. Research shows that self-determined motivation is consistent with intrinsic motivation and, in contrast, extrinsic motivation and its regulation ways can be matched to non-self-determined behaviors, reaching even a lack of motivation. The aim of this work is to draw up a theoretical construction about this model, bringing in risk perception and perceived vulnerability as elements that can change the final direction of the motivation and even improve some of its extrinsic regulations and the lack of motivation. One of the theoretical possibilities that we propose to try to neutralize the non-self-determined types is seek to increase both the personal risk perception and perceived vulnerability, as being these two variables high the likelihood of occurrence of a lack of motivation is significantly reduced, and forced actions of external regulation and introjected regulation may be buffered and increase the internalization, what could favor health behaviors.

Evaluation of the protagonist-antagonist dichotomy in Spanish television content targeting children

Abstract: The goal of this study is to analyse the profile of the protagonist-antagonist dichotomy in all children’s television content, of all genres, offered by Spanish television channels. The analysis of protagonist and antagonist characters focuses on variables such as: type and number, age, gender, nationality, skills, relationship between the characters, characterisation, means used to achieve goals, consequences of the action of the antagonist over the antagonist and vice versa. The sample consists of 168 series that were analysed using descriptive content analysis and multivariate analysis. The results showed that over 50% of the series do not have an antagonist and that when there is one the most common type is a single human, which appears in more than 15% of the analysed series, followed by the fantastic creature type, which is present in just 10%. In 80% of the series the skills of the protagonists are social and human, and in 45.24% the exhibited skill is intelligence.